The domestic and foreign research status related to thermal environment in the cabin(room) is reviewed.Parameters which affect thermal environment and the index limits in the standards of the different cabin(room) are narrated overall.Measuring methods pertinent to parameters of thermal environment are introduced.Finally,the comprehensive evaluation indices of thermal comfort in the cabin(room) and their using fields are analyzed emphatically.It's essential to study thermal environment and it can establish theory foundation for research on thermal environment index system inside mobile medical equipments.

Objective To observe the effect of Zhipu Hollow Suppository (ZHS) on postoperative ankylenteron in rats,and to investigate the possible mechanism.Methods Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into model group,ZPS group,positive control group,and blank control group,10 rats in each group.Rats were given corresponding drugs according to the experimental design after modeling.Rats were executed after medication for one week,and the pathologic changes of ileal serosa were observed under scanning electron microscope and the ultrastructure of ileal serosa cells was observed under transmission electron microscope.Results Results of the examination under scanning electron microscope showed that the arrangement of ileal-serosa mesothelial cells in ZHS group was regular,and the network structure arranged spindle-shaped with uniformity size and with the shape close to the normal ones.There was proliferation in mesothelial cells in the exposed base layer.Under the transmission electron microscope,mesothelial cells recovered well and the proliferation of fibroblasts was not obviously in ZHS group,but mesothelial cells disappeared and the secretion of collagen by fibroblasts was actively in the model group.Conclusion ZHS can prevent ankylenteron by promoting the ileal-serosa mesothelial cell proliferation,improving the ileal-serosa ultrastructure and protecting the ileal serosa.

Objective To investigate the projects that won the National Science and Technology Progress Award in medical and health field of Chinese PLA.Methods The number of projects that won the National Science and Technology Progress Award in medical and health field of Chinese PLA from 2007 to 2012 was calculated.Results The number, class and award-won rate of projects that won the National Science and Technology Progress Award in medical and health field of Chinese PLA from 2007 to 2012 increased .The award-won achievements focused on the public health safety, difficult and complicated disease prevention and treatment.Conclusion The Scientific research contingent in medical and health field of Chinese PLA is an important force in the national scientific and technological innovation system.Clinical work combined with scientific research has become an important innovation model in medical and health field of Chinese PLA.Policy and finance should keep their favor upon the projects of public health safety.

ObjectiveTo find out the risk factors and the incidence of lithiasis. MethodsA questionnaire was formulated by the National Biliary Surgical Group. It was sent to the medical staff of all levels of hospitals in the Zunyi Region, Guizhou to fill in on surgically proven cases of cholelithiasis. The clinical data were collected and analyzed using SPSS 13.0. ResultFor lithiasis, the gender ratio was 1∶ 1.78; the peak age was 41-year and 51-year respectively. The proportion of cholecystolithiasis (n =4456 ; 86.76 ％) and choledocholithiasis (n =554;10.79 ％ ) was comparatively higher than in other regions in China. ConclusionsThe commonest type of lithiasis in Zunyi was cholecystolithiasis. There was an increasing tendency for lithiasis to develop in young people. Lithiasis was closely associated with factors such as gender, food and occupation.

BACKGROUND:Many scholars researched the biomechanics of middle clavicle fracture plate fixation, but little researched the plate position. OBJECTIVE:To observe the biomechanical characteristics ofanterior and superior plates for clavicle fracture with three-dimensional finite element models. METHODS:Three-dimensional finite element models of clavicle fracture with anterior and superior plates were established. The stress after anterior and superior plate fixation was analyzed. The maximum stress and displacement of plate fixation for clavicular fracture were observed under compression, torsion and three-point bending. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) In the compressed condition, the maximum stressand maximum fracture displacement were similar between the superior and anterior plate fixation (P> 0.05). (2) Under clockwise twist condition, the maximum stress and maximum fracture displacement were smaler in the superior plate fixation group than inthe anterior plate fixation group (P< 0.05). (3) Under counterclockwise twist condition, the maximum stress and maximum fracture displacement were similar between the anterior and superior plate fixation groups (P> 0.05). (4) Under three-point bending condition, the maximum stress was similar between the superior and anterior plate fixation groups (P> 0.05). The maximum fracture displacement was bigger in the superior plate fixation group than in the anterior plate fixation group (P< 0.05). (5) These findings suggest that superior fixation of clavicle fracture reconstruction plate has more advantages than the anterior plate fixation.

AIM:To investigate the roles of ClC-3 chloride channels in the regulation of cell cycle and the re-lationship between ClC-3 chloride channels and the cell cycle regulators , such as cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4, CDK6, P21 and P27 in the HeLa cells.METHODS:ClC-3 genes were silenced by the siRNA technique in the HeLa cells.The transfection efficiency of ClC-3 siRNA was detected by real-time PCR.The cell cycle distribution was ana-lyzed by the flow cytometry .The protein expression of ClC-3, P21, P27, CDK4, CDK6 and cyclin D1 was determined by Western blot .RESULTS:ClC-3 was knocked down by ClC-3 siRNA in the HeLa cells .Transfection of the cells with ClC-3 siRNA arrested the cells at G0/G1 phases, decreased the expression of cyclin D1, CDK4 and CDK6, and increased the expression of P21 and P27.CONCLUSION:ClC-3 plays an important role in the cell cycle of HeLa cells through the G 1-S transition point.ClC-3 may regulate the cell cycle progression by up-regulation of cyclin D1, CDK4 and CDK6 expression and/or by down-regulation of P21 and P27 expression.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of multimodal analgesia with different doses of nalbuphine combined with flurbiprofen on patients who received intravenous patient -controlled analgesia(PCIA) after thoracotomy.Methods Sixty patients underwent thoracotomy,ASA Ⅰ -Ⅱ,18 -65 years old,who underwent postoperative PCIA,were randomly divideded into three groups according to the digital table,nalbuphine 60 mg group (N60 group),nalbuphine 80 mg group(N80 group)and nalbuphine 100 mg group (N100 group),20 cases in each group.All patients were given 150mg flurbiprofen,a total of 100mL.PCIA solution:the background dose was 2mL/h, PCIA dose of 0.5mL,locking time of 15min.10min before surgery,each patient was intravenously given flurbiprofen 50mg,given a loading dose of 0.1mL/kg when closed chest.All patients were followed up for 48h.The incidence of adverse reactions such as vital signs,number of times,visual analog scale(VAS)score,sedation score,nausea and vomiting were recorded.Results There were no significant differences in the age,gender,body mass index and surgery duration among the three groups(all P >0.05).The vital signs were stable within 48h after operation.The VAS scores of N60 group were higher than the other two groups(N80 group:t =7.94,6.35,6.49,5.21,5.63,all P =0.00;N100 group:t =8.41,9.10,5.80,8.07,8.18,all P =0.00)at 4,6,8,24 and 48h after operation(all P <0.05).The VAS score of N80 group 48 h after operation was lower than that of N100 group(t =2.30,P =0.03),and the difference was not statistically significant in remaining(all P >0.05).The effective /actual compression ratio of PCIA of N80 group and N100 group were significantly higher than that of N60 group (t =7.30,8.35,all P <0.05). There were no differences in the incidence of adverse reaction among the three groups(group N80:χ2 =0.17,0.23, 1.03,all P >0.05;group N100:χ2 =3.14,0.23,1.03,all P >0.05).Conclusion Postoperative PCIA with nalbu-phine (80 mg)combined with flurbiprofen(150 mg)has significant analgesic effect and lower costs.

The drugs promoting axon regeneration after spinal cord injury has been receiving high attention. Growth, extending and branching of neuron axon is a biological process mediated by cytoskeleton, and microtubule plays an important role on axon structure adjustment and growth. Taxol can reasonably stabilize microtubules, eliminate the obstacles of axon regeneration, and effect on axonal regeneration repair after spinal cord injury. Taxol is mainly used for anti-tumor therapy. This paper reviewed the researches on taxel and neuronal cytoskeletal microtubule.

Various functional proteins are differently expressed in each pathologic stage after spinal cord injury, representing injury and the pathological change of repair. Ideal biomarker is helpful to evaluate complicated biological reactions of spinal cord injury and predict prognosis. As specific serum markers of central nerve injury, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and astrocyte primary calcium binding protein S-100β had been studied preliminarily, but the specificity and sensitivity need more research. Future efforts still need to develop ideal biomarkers to predict functional outcome.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of nalbuphine in preventing the side effect of pruritus induced by intrathecal morphine after cesarean section. Methods Sixty patients aged 18- 35 years with ASAⅠ~Ⅱand undergoing cesarean section with combined spinal-epidural anesthesia were randomly and double blindly divided into two groups. Patients in Group N (30 patients) received nalbuphine 4 mg (2 ml) by intravenous route after clamping of the umbilical cord; Patients in Group P (30 patients) received 0.9% NaCl (2 ml) by intravenous route after clamping of the umbilical cord. The protocol of postoperative analgesia was intrathecal morphine 0.2 mg. The patients were followed up for 4 h , and the vital signs were detected at the time of returning to patient s room (T0), 1 h (T1), 2 h(T2), 3 h(T3) and 4 h(T4) after operation. The VAS scores, pruritus severity scores, time of pruritus onset, Ramsay sedation scores and and other adverse effects were recorded. Results The levels of MAP, SpO2, HR in two groups at T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 had no significant differences (P>0.05). The rate of pruritus severity score 0-1 score in group N was significantly higher than that in group P (χ2=17.4, P=0.00). The VAS scores and the rate of drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, shivering and dizziness in two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions Nalbuphine provides a significant reduction of morphine induced pruritus for patients who received intrathecal morphine analgesia after cesarean section.