Objective To explore the management of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of lower limbs in patients with severe craniocerebral injury.Methods The clinical data of 9 patients of severe craniocerebral injury with DVT were analyzed respectively.Results All 9 patients were given medicine therapy including thrombolytic, anti coagulating, anti platelet aggregation and antibiotics. 3 cases were cured, 1 case was improved, 4 cases died and 1 case discharged by himself. Conclusion There are risk factors for DVT in patients with severe craniocerebral injury. Early prophylaxis is important. Early diagnosis and treatment are benefited.

Objective To study the clinical features and prevention means of the infection caused by the highly dathogenic avian influenza A(H_5N_1).Method The clinical data which were confirmed to be an H_5N_1 infected case were analyzed retrospectively.Results The patient,16-year-old male,had no unambi guous history of direct contact with diseased or dead poultry before the onset of the disease.After the onset of the disease,chest X-ray showed flake shadow of the right lower lung quickly spread to the whole lung,associated with mediastinum,subcutaneous emphysema,acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)was occurred on the fifth day.Mechanical ventilation is the primary measure in the comprehensive treatment.On the sixth day,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention detected the pharyngeal specimen of the patient by RT - PCR,Real- time PCR method and suggested positive for the A/H5/N1 virus nucleic acid andis01ated the avian flu(H_5N_1) virus.The disease course was 10 days from onset of illness to death.Conclusions Human infection by the highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H_5N_1)is a deadly infectious disease.If the lesions is widespread and associated with ARDS,prognosis is poor.

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of volatile anesthetics, isoflurane and sevoflurane, on ischemic neurons after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats and its possible molecular mechanism.

METHODSRat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was developed by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and bilateral common carotid arteries (CCAs) 1 h after reperfusion. Using flow cytometry (FCM) and Northern blot hybridization, we calculated the number of apoptotic bodies and detected the expression of bcl-2 mRNA and interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE) mRNA.

RESULTSThe apoptotic bodies in hippocampus analyzed by FCM peaked at appeared 24 h after reperfusion, and decreased about 54% and 40%, respectively, after treatment with isoflurane and sevoflurane, as compared with ischemic group. There was no significant difference in the expression of bcl-2 mRNA and ICE mRNA between the inhaled anesthetic groups and ischemic group in hippocampus 24 h after MCA/CCAs occlusion.

CONCLUSIONIsoflurane and sevoflurane partially inhibit apoptosis but have no significant effect on the expression of bcl-2 and ICE genes.

Anesthetics, Inhalation ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Caspase 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; pathology ; Isoflurane ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Male ; Methyl Ethers ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Bushen Huoxue Fang (BSHX) on the apoptosis of epithelial cells in the prostatic ductal system of rats with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and its possible action mechanism.

METHODSOne hundred 3- month-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of equal number (control, castrated, BPH model, and BSHX). BPH models were made by subcutaneous injection of testosterone following castration; the rats in the BSHX group were treated intragastrically with BSHX at 2.34 g/ml after modeling, while those in the other two groups with equal volume of saline, all for 37 days. On the 38th day, all the rats were sacrificed and their prostates harvested for detection of the distribution of TGF-beta1 and alpha-actin and the count of positive cells in the prostatic ductal system by immunohistochemical staining. The apoptosis rate of epithelial cells in the prostatic ductal system was determined by TUNEL assay.

RESULTSThe expression of TGF-beta1 was significantly increased in the rats of the BSHX group as compared with the BPH models in both the proximal prostatic duct ([15.28 +/- 4.30]% vs [36.42 +/- 8.10]%, P < 0.01) and the distal prostatic duct ([4.42 +/- 2.07]% vs [8.71 +/- 2.28 ]%, P < 0.05), while the expression of alpha-actin in the proximal duct was remarkably higher in the BSHX-treated rats than in the models ([28.14 +/- 7.43]% vs [18.28 +/- 4.07]%, P < 0.01), but lower than in the control animals ([33.57 +/- 6.85]%, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the BPH models and BSHX-treated rats both exhibited markedly decreased apoptosis of epithelial cells in the proximal prostatic duct ([39.42 +/- 9.20]% vs [3.86 +/- 1.34]%, P < 0.01, and [31.14 +/- 5.64]%, P < 0.01) and distal prostatic duct ([17.60 +/- 4.86]% vs [3.07 +/- 1.14]%, P < 0.01, and [12.37 +/- 2.25]%, P < 0.05). The apoptosis rate of epithelial cells in the prostatic ductal system was significantly higher in the BSHX-treated rats than in the BPH models (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONBy upregulating the expression of TGF-beta, BSHX can suppress the reduction of smooth muscle cells in the proximal prostatic duct, promote the apoptosis of prostatic epithelial cells, and thus effectively inhibit benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of the magnetic c-erbB-2 antisense probe of different concentrations on the morphology and expression of SK-Br-3 cancer cells in vitro.

METHODSBreast cancer SK-Br-3 cells were transfected for 24 h by antisense probe at an iron concentration of 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L, respectively. The distribution and content of iron particles in SK-Br-3 cells was determined by Prussian blue staining, electron microscopy, and atomic absorption spectrometry. Cell viability was observed by trypan-blue exclusion and CCK-8 test. The protein expression of c-erbB-2 was assessed by the Western blot analysis. The changes of the signal strength were considered by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

RESULTSc-erbB-2 antisense probe was uptake by SK-Br-3 cells in a concentration-dependence manner within a certain range (5, 10, and the Medicine Scientific Research Project of Chongqing Health Bureau (062025)25 mg/L). When the probe concentration was 25 mg/L, iron content in cells was (18.38±0.28) pg, the cell vitality, survival, and c-erbB-2 protein expression were reduced significantly (all P<0.05), and the T2 value was lower significantly (P<0.05). However, the results of 50 mg/L or 100 mg/L group showed no significant difference with the 25 mg/L group (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe magnetic c-erbB-2 antisense probe can effectively transfect and specifically inhibit the expression of SK-Br-3 cell lines at the iron concentration of 25 mg/L.

Antisense Elements (Genetics) ; genetics ; Apoptosis ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Magnetics ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression dynamics and significance of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) membrane type-matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MT-MMP-2) in hepatic fibrosis and its reversal counterpart.

METHODSAn experimental CCl4 induced hepatic fibrosis rat model was established by intraperitoneal administration of carbon tetrachloride for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 weeks, and normal rats were used as a control group. The immunohistochemical methods and in situ hybridization were used to detect MMP-2,MT-MMP-2 mRNA and related antigens in the liver.

RESULTSMMP-2,MT-MMP-2 mRNA and related antigens were expressed in mesenchymal cells and parts of hepatocytes besides active pathological changes, especially in the fibrous septum and portal area. Expression of MMP-2,MT-MMP-2 mRNA and related antigens were increased in hepatic fibrosis and decreased gradually in its reversal counterpart.

CONCLUSIONThis study suggested that mesenchymal cells are the main cellular origins of MMPs. The levels of MMP-2 and MT-MMP-2 antigens and gene expression were closely related to hepatic fibrosis. MMP-2 and MT-MMP-2 may play important roles in hepatic fibrosis and its reversal counterpart.

Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Hepatocytes ; enzymology ; Liver ; enzymology ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; enzymology ; etiology ; pathology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Matrix Metalloproteinases, Membrane-Associated ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; enzymology ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

The newly discovered endogenous vasodilating and diuretic peptide adrenomedullin (AM) was considered to be of attractive value in clinical treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. In order to explore the treatment of cardiovascular diseases by expressing AM in vivo, AM cDNA was inserted into mammalian expressing vector pcDNA3.1, and in vitro expression of AM was carried out in cultured K(562) cell line. AM mRNA was amplified by RT-PCR from the total RNA isolated from the adrenal glands of rats and was inserted into pcDNA3.1 vector to form pcDNA3.1AM, the recombinant pcDNA3.1AM was then transferred into cultured K(562) cell line by liposome. The expression of AM in pcDNA3.1AM transferred cell was identified by RT-PCR and dot immunoblot assay. The results demonstrated that there were AM mRNA in the pcDNA3.1AM-transferred K(562) cell line and AM peptides in the culturing medium, indicating that the recombinant pcDNA3.1AM vector can express AM in mammalian cell line.
Adrenomedullin ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Animals ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of amplitude integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) in preterm infants and changes of maturation with gestational age.

METHODSaEEG monitoring was done within 3 days of age with domestically produced digital aEEG set (CFM3000). Duration of each recording was at least 4 hours. The continuity, sleep-wake cycle, voltage and bandwidth of all aEEG tracing were analyzed.

RESULTSThe percent of continuity background increased from 30% of 28 weeks to 85.7% of 36 weeks (χ(2) = 28.2, P = 0.026); the percent of mature sleep-wake cycle increased from 10% of 28 weeks to 100% of 36 weeks (χ(2) = 192.4, P < 0.01). Low bound voltage increased with gestational age, from (6.8 ± 1.7) µV (28 w) to 9.7 - 10.1 µV (35 - 36 w) (F = 11.4, P < 0.01). Bandwidth of the narrow band decreases gradually with gestational age, from 1.45 cm (28 w) to (0.86 ± 0.24) cm (36 w) (F = 8.731, P < 0.01). The correlation coefficient for continuity, sleep-wake cycle, low bound voltage and bandwidth of narrow band, and total scores were 0.32, 0.81, 0.38, 0.55 and 0.78 respectively (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe older the gestational age of infants at birth, the more mature the aEEG pattern, manifested as increased continuity and sleep-wake cycle, the higher low bound voltage and more narrowed bandwidth with increased gestational age.

Age Factors ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; physiology ; Male

OBJECTIVETo introduce co-word analysis into the analysis of the current research status of childhood tuberculous meningitis, to compare the similarities and differences in research topics of the field in China and abroad over the past decade, and to discover the advantages and weak links in the study field in China.

METHODSPubMed, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang Data were searched for the articles which met the inclusion criteria. Ucinet 6.0 and Netdraw were used for co-occurrence analysis, and the co-article relationship between high-frequency key words was visualized.

RESULTSA total of 226 articles abroad and 186 Chinese articles on childhood tuberculous meningitis were obtained. The figures for co-occurrence analysis of high-frequency key words in research articles on childhood tuberculous meningitis in China and abroad were successfully plotted. Compared with the studies in China, the studies abroad were more sophisticated and well-developed, with more studies on drug-resistant tuberculosis, the relationship between tuberculosis and AIDS, and the epidemiology of tuberculosis. The key words listed in the studies abroad were more standard. The studies in China on childhood tuberculous meningitis concentrated on vaccination and nursing.

CONCLUSIONSIn general, the studies on childhood tuberculous meningitis in China and abroad have the same directions. The studies abroad have a complicated network and use more standard key words. The studies on childhood tuberculous meningitis are well conducted in China. However, more studies are needed for drug-resistant tuberculosis, the relationship between tuberculosis and AIDS, and the epidemiology of tuberculosis in future.

Biomedical Research ; China ; Humans ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal ; complications ; drug therapy ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo isolate and purify a new phospholipase A2 (PLA2) homologue from Agkistrodon blomhoffii siniticus and investigate its effects on the gene expression profile of Hep3B cells.

METHODSThe PLA2 homologue was isolated and purified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and its purity was determined also by HPLC. The relative molecular mass of the homologue was measured by electrospray ionization mass spectrum. The gene expression profile of Hep3B cells was detected with gene chip after exposure of the cells to 139 microg/ml PLA2 homologue for 12 h.

RESULTSThe purity of the PLA2 homologue was 97.2%, whose relative molecular mass was 13,900. After exposure of Hep3B cells to 139 microg/ml PLA2 homologue for 12 h, 19 genes were down-regulated and 20 up-regulated in the cells. The genes showing altered expressions in response to the exposure were mainly involved in cell cycle control and DNA damage repair, cell apoptosis and senescence, production of signal transduction molecules and transcription factors, cell adhesion, angiogenesis, and tumor invasion and metastasis.

CONCLUSIONSThe PLA2 homologue induces alterations in the expression of a wide variety of genes involved in the growth and metastasis of tumor cells. The results of this study provide clues for further study of the possible mechanism for the action of PLA2 homologue on Hep3B cells.

Agkistrodon ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Isoenzymes ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; Phospholipases A ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Phospholipases A2 ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcr ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Snake Venoms ; enzymology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured