OBJECTIVETo evaluate the biomechanical properties of tibial plateau depressed fracture fixed with a net-fixation of Kirschner wires.

METHODSTwenty homemade fracture models were fixed with eight 1.5 mm Kirschner wires in a net-fixation; 20 homemade fracture models were fixed with two 3.5 mm cortical screws. Plane-compressed and dot-compressed test were made on each 10 models of the two groups. The maximal force of anti-ompress and stiffness were measured and evaluated.

RESULTSIn plane-compressed test,mean maximal force of anti-compress and stiffness for screw fixation was (1,925.31 +/- 444.26) N and (2.28 +/- 0.53) N/mm2, respectively, for net-fixation was (1,609.62 +/- 277.72) N and (1.90 +/- 0.33) N/mm2, respectively. There was no statistical difference between the two fixation methods (P > 0.05). In dot-compressed test,mean maximal force of anti-compress and stiffness for screw fixation was (411.13 +/- 233.88) N and (2.66 +/- 1.52) N/mm2,respectively,for net-fixation was (1,105.58 +/- 290.66) N and (7.18 +/- 1.89) N/mm2,respectively,the net-fixation was better than that of the screw fixation (P< 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of tibial plateau depressed fracture with a net-fixation of Kirschner wires is a biological fixation and is a reliably method.

Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Screws ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; Mechanical Phenomena ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical effects of three-column reconstruction via single posterior approach for the treatment of unstable thoracolumbar fractures accompanied by posterior column injury.

METHODSFrom December 2008 to May 2010,three-column reconstruction via posterior approach was implemented to 21 patients with unstable thoracolumbar fractures accompanied by posterior column injuries. There were 13 males and 8 females, ranging in age from 23 to 54 years old(averaged,35.5 years old). Injured vertebrae: 1 patient had injury in T11, 4 patients had injuries in T12, 8 patients had injuries in L1, 5 patients had injuries in L2, 3 patients had injuries in L3. The Cobb angle was (25.34 +/- 3.42) degrees. The operation time,blood loss during operation, Cobb angle and the bony fusion were observed.

RESULTSTwenty-one patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 24 to 27 years old, with an average of 25.6 months. The operation time ranged from 135 to 275 min, with a mean of 185 min. The blood loss during operation ranged from 700 to 1 650 ml (averaged, 870 ml). All the patients had complete decompression. Postoperative Cobb angle was (4.01 +/- 2.03) degrees, and (4.34 +/- 2.38) degrees at the latest follow-up. All the patients got bony fusion.

CONCLUSIONTo the patients with unstable thoracolumbar fractures accompanied by posterior column injuries, three-column reconstruction via single posterior approach has both anterior approach and posterior approach advantages, which can obtain excellent clinical outcomes.

Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; methods ; Spinal Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the correlation of city school-aged children′s intelligence quotients(IQ) with family factors.Methods Picking up 180 healthy children which aged 10-14 and their parents.Children′s IQ were tested with Wechsler intelligence Scale for Children- Revised(WISC-R).Their parents were investigated by using the questionnaire designed by ourselves about some factors of family which includes Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ), Home Education Index Measuring Scale (HEIMS),and so on. We analyzed the associations between children′s IQ and family factors with the applicable data about 114 only child. Results Multiple stepwise regression analyses show that some factors have significant effects on IQ of children(P

Objective To evaluate the effect of health education in controlling the iodine deficiency diserders(IDD) in order to provide reference data for the further prevention and control. Methods Each village of 3 towns in Congjiang County was selected in 2007, where the health education lasting for 10 months had been implemented in the school students of 3-6 grade and the villagers. The school students of 3-6 grade and 30 housewives in the villagers were investigated for their IDD control knowledge, the salt consuming conditions as well as the sales of both rough and fine salt at a salt retail site in each village before and after the health education was implemented. Results The awareness rate of the knowledge of IDD control in the students and housewives was 91.4% (581/636) and 78.3% (282/360), respectively after intervention, which significantly increased (χ2= 532.044, 326.117, both P < 0.01) compared with the rate of 28.2% (184/652) and 11.4% (41/360) before intervention. The proportion of consuming fine salt was 91.8%(146/159) and 95.6%(86/90), significantly inereased(χ2= 236.623, 135.350, both P < 0.01) compared with 6.1%(10/163) and 7.8% (7/90) found before intervention. The selling proportion of fine salt at the salt retail site in the village was 60.0%(900/1500), significantly increased(χ2= 824.176, P < 0.01) compared with 10.0%(150/1500) before intervention. Conclusions Health education and promotion is solid foundation for effectively controlling IDD, through which the students and villagers are actively and voluntarily involved in the program and hence have formed good living and hygiene habits, thus expected effect has been obtained.

Aim To explore the inhibitory effect of Euonymus alatus on hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in mice and its mechanism. Methods Eighty C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into eight groups: normal group, CCl4model group, Euonymus alatus(EA) ethanol extracts groups in early stage(EAE), EA ethanol extracts groups in later stage(EAL),two drug groups with low/medium/high dose(EAE-L/M/H, EAL-L/M/H), with 10 mice in each group. Fibrosis model was established by injecting CCl4in peritoneal cavity,and the study lasted for 30 days. Different doses of drugs were given from 1 st day to 15 th day in EAE while from 16 th day to 30 th day in EAL,then all mice were sacrificed to for the observation of the morphological changes and collage-nous fiber by HE and Masson staining. Liver index, ALT,AST and TNF-α were tested by ELISA. The ex-pressions of α-SMA and CollagenⅠwere measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results Compared to normal group, liver index, ALT, AST, TNF-α, α-SMA and CollagenⅠ in EA groups were lower than those in model group in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.01 or P<0.05). Liver morphology and collagenous fiber in EAE and EAL were better than those in model group in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of EAE were superior to that of the EAL in HE, Masson, α-SMA, Collagen Ⅰ indexes(P <0.05). Conclusions Euonymus alatus may inhibit the process of hepatic fibrosis in mice with dose-effect de-pendence, and drug treatment in early stage performs better,which may be related to the decrease of TNF-α that affects the expression of α-SMA and Collagen Ⅰ.

Recombination plasmid pMM085 possessed both immunogens heat-labile enterotoxin(LT) and fimbriae antigen K88 of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). Althouth vaccine strain MM-3 carrying pMM085 had good effect to protect piglets against diarrhea due to ETEC infections,it was not ideal live vaccine for pMM085 bringing chloramphenicol resistance gene (cat). To solve the problem,the host-plasmid balanced lethal system was introduced which including the replacement of cat gene by asd gene and transformation the new plasmid to the strain X6097 which asd gene was knocked out in its chromosome. Considering pMM085 was a big plasmid (23kb) and traditional genetic manipulations was not easy to carry on,?-Red recombination system was adopt in this work to realize the replacement of cat gene by asd gene. The results indicated that ?-Red recombination system was convenient and efficient to reconstruct big plasmid.

Adult ; Decompression, Surgical ; Diskectomy, Percutaneous ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Laser Therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To discuss the clinical effect of the ramified musculocutaneous flap pedicled with the descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery treatment of bones and arthrsis of extremity in- fections with soft tissue defects.Methods The muscle flap blooded with the muscular branch of lateral fem- oral muscle and musculocutaneous flap blooded with the musculocutaneous branch were designed,all of which were pedicled with the descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral arteryIn clinic24 cases of bones and arthrosis of extremity infections with soft tissue defects were treated with this kind of ramified musculocutaneous flap.Results Of the 24 cases23 cases were survived while 1 case was lost16 cases were healed at stageⅠ8 cases were healed at stageⅡSinus has formated in 3 casesone of which twicebut they were healed in one year with the treatment of debridmentsFour cases with osteomvelitis and bone defect were treated with bone grafting in the later 6～8 months after the wound has healedTwenty-two cases were followed-up for 6～20 monthsinfcetiou didn't recur.Conclusion This kind of ramified musculocutaneous flap has such ad- vantages as longer blood vessel pediclefilling the defects completely flexible application and stronger anti-in- fectionthat it may be an effective way in treating bones and arthrosises of extremity infections with soft tissue defects.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into epidermal-like stem cells.

METHODS(1) Human strain of iPSCs were plated on-to trophoblast of inactivated Fb strain of mouse embryos and cultured in complete medium of embryonic stem cells, iPSCs were subcultured by collagenase IV digestion method. The morphology and growth of iPSCs were observed under inverted phase contrast microscope, and the cells were stained with alkaline phosphatase (AKP). iPSCs were cultured in incomplete medium of embryonic stem cells to observe the ability of embryoid body formation. (2) Human iPSCs were inoculated onto 6-well plate covered with human amniotic membrane to culture as induction group. Other iPSCs were cultured on 6-well plate without human amniotic membrane as control group. Morphological changes in iPSCs in two groups were observed. Expressions of integrin beta1 and CK19 of iPSCs in two groups were determined by immunocytochemical staining.

RESULTSHuman iPSCs showed a typical stem cell clone-like growth with a clear boundary, and they proliferated vigorously in complete medium of embryonic stem cells. These cells were AKP-positive. iPSCs formed embryoid body in trophoblast-free and suspension culture conditions. After 4 days of co-culture, stem cell clones were formed on the surface of amniotic membrane in induction group, and part of the cells were integrin beta1 and CK19 positive. Most of the cells died, and no integrin beta1 and CK19 positive cells were found in control group.

CONCLUSIONSHuman iPSCs can be differentiated into epidermal-like stem cells by amniotic membrane induction, and it lays an experimental basis for providing new source of seed cells of skin tissue engineering.

Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Epidermis ; cytology ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; cytology ; Mice

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the bowel control of the anus-preserving operation for elderly patients over 75 years with low rectal cancer.

METHODSThirty-nine elderly patients over 75 years with low rectal carcinoma (4-7 cm from anal verge) were treated during the study period. The patients were divided into different groups according to the surgical procedures and anastomotic locations. The bowel control and patients satisfaction were compared.

RESULTSThe time of recovering normal defecation frequency was (9.8+/- 2.9) months. There were no differences in bowel control and anorectal manometric findings between the lower anastomosis group and super-lower anastomosis group, the lower anastomosis group and anorectal anastomosis group. The patients in anorectal anastomosis group displayed significantly better bowel control and anorectal manometric findings than those in the super-lower anastomosis group (P< 0.05). The time of recovering normal defecation frequency in colonic J-pouch-anal anastomosis group was (7.7+/- 1.7) months, shorter than (10.6+/- 2.8) months in direct anastomosis group (P< 0.01). The complication rate of I degree incontinence was 36.1%, but there was no difference between the two groups. The anorectal manometric findings were better in J-pouch-anal anastomosis group than those in direct anastomosis group (P< 0.05).

CONCLUSIONColonic J-pouch-anal anastomosis for lower rectal carcinoma can significantly improve the bowel control in a short term without increasing the complication rate.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anal Canal ; surgery ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Defecation ; Fecal Incontinence ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Rectal Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; surgery