In this paper, we advance a new treating method for rectectomy postoperative anus incontinence, which is called "artificial sphincter system with biofeedback-function". The system simulates the function of human's sphincter and has entered into a stage of simulation experiments on animals.
Anal Canal ; Animals ; Artificial Organs ; Biofeedback, Psychology ; Fecal Incontinence ; Humans ; Prosthesis Design ; Software Design

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic state of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) inpatients in 26 level three class A Chinese medicine (CM) hospitals in China.

METHODSThe case report form (CRF) was designed and used in this study. Totally 1 094 AMI patients were recruited from 26 level three class A CM hospitals from January 2006 to December 2006. The onset, the heart function, complications, previous history, and CM syndrome types were observed in AMI patients. Treatment by Western medicine (WM), CM intravenous preparation, CM decoction, and Chinese patent medicine were also observed in AMI patients.

RESULTSBlood stasis syndrome (854 cases, 78.06%) and stagnant phlegm syndrome (470 cases, 42.96%) were dominated in the CM sthenia syndrome. Qi deficiency syndrome (683 cases, 62.43%) and Xin-yin deficiency syndrome (231 cases, 21.12%) were dominated in the CM asthenia syndrome. Totally 355 patients (32.45%) received reperfusion. Of them, 224 (20.48%) received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The top 5 often used Western drugs covered aspirin (1001 cases, 91.50%), low molecular heparin (917 cases, 83.82%), blood lipids regulators (833 cases, 76.14%), ACEI/ARB (822 cases, 75.14%), and nitrates (773 cases, 70.66%). Totally 946 patients (86.47%) used CM intravenous preparations. The CM intravenous preparations with the use frequency more than 5% were sequenced as Shenmai Injection (520 times, 54.97%), Salvia miltiorrhizae preparations (305 times, 32.24%), sanchi preparations (185 times, 19.56%), Shenfu Injection (68 times, 7.19%), Scutellarin Injection (64 times, 6.77%), and Acanthopanax Injection (29 times, 3.07%). Totally 575 patients (52.56%) used CM decoction. The main therapeutic methods covered activating blood circulation therapy (477 cases), qi benefiting therapy (332 cases), and phlegm resolving therapy (303 cases). Commonly used recipes covered Shengmai Powder, Taohong Siwu Decoction, Gualou Xiebai Baijiu Decoction, Erchen Decoction, and Sijunzi Decoction. Totally 394 patients (36.01%) used Chinese patent medicines.

CONCLUSIONSQi deficiency syndrome and blood stasis syndrome were dominated in AMI patients. Great achievements have taken place in AMI reperfusion treatment and standardized treatment in CM hospitals. CM are extensively used. Clinical studies on treating AMI by CM should be further strengthened.

Aged ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Phytotherapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To detect the mutations of ATP2C1 gene in patients with Hailey-Hailey dis- ease (HHD).Methods PCR and direct sequencing were performed in 17 patients and 120 healthy controls to screen the mutations in the exons of ATP2C1 gene.Results Eight mutations were identified in nine probands, including three deletion mutations (nt1464-1487 del/nt1462-1485del,1523delAT,2375delTTGT),three splice site mutations (360—2A→G,1415—2A→T,2243+2T→C) and two missence mutations (C920T and G1942T).None of the above mutations was found in the controls.Conclusion Eight specific novel mutations were identified in nine probands of HHD,which could be causative factors of the disease.

Objective To compare the prophylactic efficacy of combination of ganciclovir and acy- clovir or acyclovir alone against cytomegalovirus pneumonia in renal transplant recipients.Methods A to- tal of 217 renal transplant recipient(124 men and 93 women;mean age,32 years;age range,16-72 years) were divided into 3 groups randomly.In 51 cases,acyclovir was taken orally at a dose of 400 mg,3/d,from the third d to 3 months after transplantation.In 74 cases,ganciclovir was administered at a dose of 250 mg/d intravenously from the 21st d to 27th d to replace Acyclovir.In 92 cases,no prophylaxis against eytomegalov- irus pneumonia was performed.All patients were followed 3 months after transplantation.Comparison of the incidence rates of cytomegalovirus pneumonia among the 3 groups was performed using Fisher's exact test. Results Cytomegalovirus pneumonia developed in 20 cases in the 3 groups,including 4 cases(5.4%) in combined use group,2 cases(3.9%)in acyclovir alone group,and 14 cases(15.2%)in control group. Significant difference existed between the 2 experimental and control groups(P＜0.05).However,no signifi- cant difference existed between the 2 experimental groups(P＞0.05).Of the 20 cases,17(85.0%)were cured,and 3 died of respiratory failure.Conclusions Ganciclovir and acyclovir have prophylactic effect a- gainst cytomegalovirus pneumonia in renal transplant recipients.These 2 medications are inexpensive,and the patients have good compliance.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the predictive value of the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring parameters on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) in the hypertensives.

METHODSWe evaluated 147 hypertensive patients who were never treated regularly before. All patients underwent ultrasound examinations of the heart and the IMT of carotid arteries. We classified them as LVH group (n = 45) or no LVH group (n = 102), and as IMT increased group (n = 52) or no IMT increased group (n = 95). The record of medical history, physical examination and 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) were performed in all the patients. The biochemical parameters such as blood lipids, glucose and so on were tested. Then the data comparison was made.

RESULTS(1) There were no significant differences in clinical manifestations and biochemical parameters between the LVH and no LVH groups (P > 0.05). Age (68.3 +/- 6.2) year vs (65.6 +/- 5.8) year, male 75.6% vs 66.7%, body mass index (24.1 +/- 4.1) vs (23.8 +/- 4.7) (kg/m(2)), diabetes mellitus and(or) impaired glucose tolerance 40.0% vs 38.2%, angina pectoris 42.3% vs 38.9%, cerebral vascular diseases 19.2% vs 15.7%, total cholesterol (5.40 +/- 1.42) vs (5.28 +/- 1.46) mmol/L, triglycerides (1.80 +/- 1.02) vs (1.74 +/- 1.08) mmol/L, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (4.03 +/- 1.43) vs (4.06 +/- 1.48) mmol/L, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.00 +/- 0.30) vs (0.99 +/- 0.26) mmol/L. (2) The parameters of ABPM in LVH group were higher than those in no LVH group. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in 24 h mean systolic blood pressure (140.7 +/- 14.1) vs (128.3 +/- 12.3) mm Hg, 24 h mean diastolic blood pressure (86.4 +/- 8.9) vs (81.6 +/- 9.3) mm Hg, daytime mean systolic blood pressure (142.8 +/- 13.9) vs (130.9 +/- 11.1) mm Hg, daytime mean diastolic blood pressure (86.9 +/- 8.8) vs (83.4 +/- 9.0) mm Hg, nighttime mean systolic blood pressure (129.0 +/- 13.2) vs (114.6 +/- 11.4) mm Hg, nighttime mean diastolic blood pressure (77.2 +/- 9.4) vs (67.5 +/- 8.1) mm Hg, 24 h pulse pressure (54.2 +/- 10.2) vs (46.9 +/- 9.6) mm Hg, daytime pulse pressure (55.9 +/- 10.5) vs (47.5 +/- 9.1) mm Hg, nighttime pulse pressure (51.8 +/- 10.7) vs (47.1 +/- 8.7) mm Hg, 24 h systolic blood pressure variance (8.4 +/- 2.0) vs (7.2 +/- 1.9), 24 h diastolic blood pressure variance (9.5 +/- 2.2) vs (8.0 +/- 2.1), the non-dipper rhythm of ambulatory blood pressure 55.6% vs 25.5%. (3) There were also no significant differences in clinical manifestations between the IMT increased and no IMT increased group (P > 0.05). While there were significant differences between the IMT increased and no IMT increased group in those parameters of ABPM (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere were more LVH or IMT increased persons in the hypertensives whose ABPM parameters were abnormal.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Carotid Arteries ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Ultrasonography

Animals ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Catenins ; metabolism ; Estradiol ; pharmacology ; Estrogen Receptor Modulators ; pharmacology ; Female ; Ovariectomy ; Rats ; Uterus ; drug effects ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate retrospectively the results of arthroscopic Bankart repair using suture anchors for recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation with a minimum 1-year follow-up and to assess risk factors for recurrence.

METHODSFrom March 2002 to March 2010, 259 patients with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair with suture anchors. And 188 patients (50 athletes, 138 nonathletes) were available for follow-up. The mean age at the time of surgery was 25.3 years (range, 13 - 58 years). The mean follow-up was 38.6 months (range, 12 - 110 months). All of the 188 patients were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively with the American Shoulder and Elbow Society (ASES) shoulder score and Rowe score system. The rate of recurrent instability, range of motion, and risk factors for postoperative recurrence were evaluated. The ASES score was 72.6 preoperatively, and Rowe score was 33.4.

RESULTSThe ASES scores improved significantly to 91.9 postoperatively (P < 0.001). The Rowe scores improved to 81.9 postoperatively (P < 0.001). And 152 patients were greatly satisfied with the results, 16 satisfied and 20 unsatisfied. The satisfactory rate was 89.4%. 24 patients (12.8%) suffered a recurrence after surgery, 14 athletes and 10 nonathletes. The recurrence rates were 28.0% in the athlete group and 7.2% in the nonathlete group. On average there was no significant loss of external rotation postoperatively (average, 75.2° preoperatively and 67.2° postoperatively). Patients under age 20, and athlete patients were associated with recurrence (P < 0.05). Other factors including length of time until surgery, type of anchors, number of anchors, presence of bony Bankart lesion, presence of a superior labrum, anterior and posterior tear, presence of posterior or inferior labrum lesion, presence of rotator cuff tear, ligamentous laxity and rotator interval closure did not influence the recurrence rate (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSArthroscopic Bankart repair is a good option for the treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation. Identification of risk factors for recurrence allows for consideration of open stabilization. In the series, patients under age 20 and athlete patients are the most important risk factors for recurrence.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arthroscopy ; Athletes ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Shoulder Dislocation ; pathology ; surgery ; Suture Anchors ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the indication of hysterectomy after successful resuscitation of cardiac arrest due to obstetric hemorrhagic shock.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was conducted in 13 patients with cardiac arrest due to obstetric hemorrhagic shock in 7 hospitals of Guangzhou, including 12 patients undergoing hysterectomy and 1 undergoing uterine artery embolization.

RESULTSs After successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation, only 4 of the 13 patients undergoing hysterectomy or uterine artery embolization for continuing uterus hemorrhage survived.

CONCLUSIONDetailed plans and emergency measures should be formulated in the management of high-risk pregnancies. Early diagnosis and active treatment of obstetric hemorrhagic shock with hysterectomy or uterine artery embolization are critical in preventing cardiac arrest and improving the survival of the patients.

Adult ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Female ; Heart Arrest ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Postpartum Hemorrhage ; surgery ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; etiology ; therapy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate relationship between glucose metabolic disorders and expression of insulin receptor (IR) and tyrosine protein kinase (TPK) in posthepatitic cirrhosis hepatocyte and HBV DNA expression in pancreatic cells.

METHODSTo detect HBV DNA in paraffin-embedded pancreatic and hepatic tissues from 12 posthepatitic cirrhosis patients with positive serum HBV markers by using in situ hybridization (ISH) with a digoxigenin labelled probe. The amount of IR and TPK have been evaluated by immunohistochemical quantitative analysis using image analyzer in hepatocyte of 12 patients positive for HBV markers with posthepatitic cirrhosis in serum. Immunofluorescent histochemical double staining technique was used. HBsAg and IR were observed under confocal laser scanning microscope.

RESULTSEleven of 12 cirrhosis patients? hepatocytes were HBV DNA positive, including 7 patients (7/7) with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 4 patients (4/5) with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Eight of 12 pancreatic cells were HBV DNA positive, including 7 patients (7/7) with IGT, but only one patient (1/5) with NGT-HBV DNA was found positive in pancreatic cells in significantly more subjects in IGT group than in NGT group (P less than 0.01).IR and TPK amount in hepatocyte of IGT was significantly less than that of NGT patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis (P less than 0.01). IR amount was closely related to the TPK in cirrhosis hepatocyte r=0.82597(P less than 0.01). HBV DNA was mainly localized in the nuclei of hepatocyte and pancreatic acinar and islet cells. Immunofluorescent histochemical double-staining showed that HBsAg was partly localized in the IR positive areas of hepatocytes and pancreatic islet cells.

CONCLUSIONHBV can invade acinar cells of pancreas and islet cells, which might be a direct cause of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus-like the disorder and insulin absence after HBV infection. Decrease of IR and TPK might be main cause of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus-like disorder after having hepatitis or posthepatitic cirrhosis.

DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Female ; Glucose Metabolism Disorders ; complications ; metabolism ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Hepatocytes ; metabolism ; virology ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; metabolism ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreas ; cytology ; virology ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; metabolism ; Receptor, Insulin ; metabolism

Adult ; Cerebellar Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Ganglioneuroma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged