Antitubercular Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Fever ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pediatrics ; Tuberculosis ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; physiopathology ; X-Ray Film

Objective To observe the influence of silymarin on expressions of transforming growth factor-?1(TGF-?1) and collagen type Ⅲ(Col Ⅲ) in rats with experimental tubulointerstitial fibrosis(TIF) induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO).Methods Se-venty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham operation group(n=24),model group(n=24) and silymarin treatment group(n=24).The rats in model group and treatment group were operated by ligation of left-ureter.The rats in sham opera-tion group operated by dissociating left-ureter were taken as controls.Rats in treatment group were fed with silymarin [30 mg/(kg?d)]24 h before operation,and rats in model group and sham operation group were treated by intragastric administration with the same volume nomal saline at the same time.Eight rats were killed at day 7,14,and 21,respectively.The score of TIF changes,histologically,was evaluated under light microscope.Expressions of TGF-?1 and Col Ⅲ in tubulointerstitial tissue in 3 groups were investigated by immunohistochemistry.Results 1.The TIF pathological index in treatment group was less than that in model group,but more than sham operation group at day 14 and 21(Pa

Objective To study the influence of high-fluoride on thyroid function and brain damage. Methods Thirty-six Wistar rats were randondy divided, according to weight and gender into 3 groups(12 rats each), i.e. control group, high fluoride group, and high fluoride plus thyroid tablet treatment group. The rats were fed with normal tap water containing no more than 5 mg/L NaF and the tap water added 100,100 mg/L NaF, respectively. After 7 months of experiment, the rats in high fluoride plus thyroid tablet treatment group were given with 0.04% thyroid tablet( 1.8 ml·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) by gastric perfusion for three weeks. The contents of TT_3 and TT_4 in serum were detected by radio-immunological assay; the histomorphology in thyroids and brains were observed under microscopy; and the protein level of NMDAR2B subunit of glutamate receptor in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 was measured by immunohistochemistry. Results As compared to the values of TT_3 and TT_4 in serum of rats in control group[ (0.97 ± 0.15), (84.03 ± 12.45)nmol/L], TT_3 and TT_4 in high fluoride group were obviously lower [(0.24 ± 0.07), (15.16 ± 2.08)nmol/L, all P < 0.01]; while no changes in TT_3 and TT_4 were detected in high fluoride plus thyroid tablet treatment group[ (1.02 ± 0.19), (85.63 ± 9.55)nmol/L, all P < 0.05] as compared to controls, but higher than those in high fluoride group(all P < 0.01 ). The pathological changes including partial hyperplasy, arrangement disorder, atrophy, and decreased colloid of the thyroid follicular epithelial cells in high fluoride group were observed under microscopy. In high fluoride plus thyroid tablet treatment group, the degree of the thyroid cellular hyperplasy was relatively slight as compared to high fluoride group. The swelling and disarrangement of neurons in the hippocampus were observed in high fluoride group, whereas the changes of the neurons were not so obvious in high fluoride plus thyroid tablet treatment group. The grey values of NMDAR2B positive cells in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 in high fluoride group(167.05 ± 7.31 ) were significantly increased as compared to controls (92.53 ± 9.67 ) or high fluoride plus thyroid tablet treatment group( 101.66 ± 12.21, all P < 0.01 ). Conclusions High fluoride can induce the decreased function and changed histomorphology in thyroid and result in pathological damages in the brains of rats. However, treated with thyroid tablet to those having damages induced by high fluoride, the thyroid function and morphology can be normal, and the brain damages can be alleviated. The results indicate that hypothyroidism caused by high fluoride might be an important participating factor in brain damages caused by fluorosis.

Objective To observe the efficacy of combinated inhaled glucocorticosteroid and long- ?2 - agonist for asthmatic children. Methods Forty- seven children with moderate or severe persistent asthma were treated with inhalation of the fluticasone pro-pionate and salmeterol. The PEF value and the mark according the symptom of asthma before and after treatment( week and month respectively) were recorded. At the same time the days of treatment the patient with the short - ?2 - agonist in the first week and the forth week respectively were noted. The subjective feeling and accident of patients also should be paid attention. Results There was significant difference (P

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil(MMF)on children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome(SDNS).Methods Sixteen children with SDNS,diagnosed at onset,included 12 males and 4 females,aged(5.0?1.6) years,were administrated with MMF[25 mg/(kg?d)] and low-dose prednisone[0.5-1.0 mg/(kg?d),average 0.67 mg/(kg?d)].MMF was reduced to half of initial dosage after 6 months and maintained for 3 months,while dosage of prednisone was tapered gradually based on patients disease profile.Twenty-four hours urinary protein excretion,serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen,liver function were conducted regularly,respectively.The clinical efficacy and safety were assessed after 3 months treatment.Results Thirteen of 16 patients treated with MMF and prednisone remained in complete remission.Three children remained remission partly.Difference markedly was observed in 24 hours urinary protein excretion and serum albumin before and after treatment.Conclusions MMF is an effective and safe immunosuppressive agent for children with SDNS.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the biomechanical properties of tibial plateau depressed fracture fixed with a net-fixation of Kirschner wires.

METHODSTwenty homemade fracture models were fixed with eight 1.5 mm Kirschner wires in a net-fixation; 20 homemade fracture models were fixed with two 3.5 mm cortical screws. Plane-compressed and dot-compressed test were made on each 10 models of the two groups. The maximal force of anti-ompress and stiffness were measured and evaluated.

RESULTSIn plane-compressed test,mean maximal force of anti-compress and stiffness for screw fixation was (1,925.31 +/- 444.26) N and (2.28 +/- 0.53) N/mm2, respectively, for net-fixation was (1,609.62 +/- 277.72) N and (1.90 +/- 0.33) N/mm2, respectively. There was no statistical difference between the two fixation methods (P > 0.05). In dot-compressed test,mean maximal force of anti-compress and stiffness for screw fixation was (411.13 +/- 233.88) N and (2.66 +/- 1.52) N/mm2,respectively,for net-fixation was (1,105.58 +/- 290.66) N and (7.18 +/- 1.89) N/mm2,respectively,the net-fixation was better than that of the screw fixation (P< 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of tibial plateau depressed fracture with a net-fixation of Kirschner wires is a biological fixation and is a reliably method.

Objective To evaluate the effect of health education in controlling the iodine deficiency diserders(IDD) in order to provide reference data for the further prevention and control. Methods Each village of 3 towns in Congjiang County was selected in 2007, where the health education lasting for 10 months had been implemented in the school students of 3-6 grade and the villagers. The school students of 3-6 grade and 30 housewives in the villagers were investigated for their IDD control knowledge, the salt consuming conditions as well as the sales of both rough and fine salt at a salt retail site in each village before and after the health education was implemented. Results The awareness rate of the knowledge of IDD control in the students and housewives was 91.4% (581/636) and 78.3% (282/360), respectively after intervention, which significantly increased (χ2= 532.044, 326.117, both P < 0.01) compared with the rate of 28.2% (184/652) and 11.4% (41/360) before intervention. The proportion of consuming fine salt was 91.8%(146/159) and 95.6%(86/90), significantly inereased(χ2= 236.623, 135.350, both P < 0.01) compared with 6.1%(10/163) and 7.8% (7/90) found before intervention. The selling proportion of fine salt at the salt retail site in the village was 60.0%(900/1500), significantly increased(χ2= 824.176, P < 0.01) compared with 10.0%(150/1500) before intervention. Conclusions Health education and promotion is solid foundation for effectively controlling IDD, through which the students and villagers are actively and voluntarily involved in the program and hence have formed good living and hygiene habits, thus expected effect has been obtained.

Canine Interferon-gamma (CaIFN-gamma) cDNA was cloned from spleen T cells of dog by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). CaIFN-gamma cDNA were digested with Hind III and Not I, and inserted into pRc/CMV2 expression vector. The pRc/CMV2/CaIFN-gamma vector was sequenced, and predicted to produce a signal peptide of 23 amino acids and a mature protein of 143 amino acids with a molecular weight of 19 kD. Two potential N-glycosylation sites are located at positions 16 and 83 of the mature protein. Comparison of the CaIFN-gamma protein sequence with that of CaIFN-gamma reported from DDBJ/GenBank revealed a homology of 99%. To establish a long time expression system, pRc/CMV2/CaIFN-gamma vector was transfected into mouse SP2/0 cell line. The SP2/0 cells culture supernatants was harvested and the antiviral activity was measured following cytopathic-effect inhibition assay using Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK)-vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV) system. Initial transformants with G418 phenotype produced recombinant CaIFN-gamma titers ranging from 2,500 to 5,000 u/mL of culture medium.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bone Marrow Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Cattle ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; analysis ; chemistry ; Dogs ; Interferon-gamma ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Recombinant Proteins

Forest musk deer is one of the large-scale farming musk deer animals with the largest population at the same time. The male musk deer can secrete valuable medicines, which has high medicinal and economic value. Due to the loss of habitat and indiscriminate hunting, the numbers of wild population specie and the distribution have been drastically reduced. Therefore, in-depth understanding of the molecular genetics progress of forest musk deer will pave a way for musk deer protection and breeding. In this review, the progress associated with the molecular marker, genetic classification, artificial breeding, musk secretion and disease in past decades were reviewed, in order to provide a theoretical basis for subsequent molecular genetic researches in forest musk deer.
Animals ; Breeding ; Deer ; classification ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Ecosystem ; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Female ; Male

Objective To investigate the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on the tubular interstitial fibrosis and on the levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and ectodermal dysplasia-1 (ED-1) in the process of renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with unilateral ureteral occlusion(UUO).Methods Ninety-six Sprague-Dauley (SD) male rats were divided into 4 groups randomly:sham-operated group (n =24),model group (n =24),low-dose therapy group (n =24) and high-dose therapy group(n =24).The rats in the model group and treatment groups were ligated at the left ureter and UUO was induced,meanwhile,the rats in the control group were free from the left ureter ligation.Rats received sodium hydrosulfide(NaHS) in traperitoneatly(1.4 μmol/kg,twice a day),and NaHS(7.0 μmol/kg,twice a day),respectively.Rats in sham-operated group and the model group were injected intraperitoneally with identical voluminal 9 g/L saline.Eight rats in each group were sacrificed randomly at the 7 days,14 days and 21 days,respectively.The concentration of plasma H2S was detected.Renal tubular interstitial damage and interstitial fibrosis were evaluated with routine HE staining and Masson staining under microscope,and both of them were used to evaluate the obstruction of renal histopathological changes.The expressions of ED-1 and KIM-1 were measured with immunohistochemical staining.Results 1.The pathological findings showed that the renal tubular interstitial changes were not obvious in the shamoperated group.The tubular epithelial cells in the model group and treatment groups showed swelling and vacuoles degeneration,with renal interstitial broadening,interstitial cells and extracellular matrix increasing.The renal tubular interstitial pathological injury of model group and treatment group were more serious than those in the sham-operated group at each time point(P ＜ 0.05).The renal tubular interstitial pathological injury of the treatment groups were obviously lower than that in the model group(P ＜0.05).However,there was no statistically significant difference between highdose therapy group and low-dose therapy group(P ＞ 0.05).2.Immunohistochemical analysis showed that expressions of ED-1 and KIM-1 in renal tubular interstitices in the model group and the treatment groups were higher than those in the sham-operated group at each time point(P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of ED-1 and KIM-1 in renal tubular interstitices in the treatment groups were obviously lower than those in the model group(P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the high-dose therapy group and the low-dose therapy group(P ＞0.05).3.Plasma H2S levels in model group and treatment group were lower than those in the sham-operated group at each time point (P ＜ 0.05).The plasma H2S level of the treatment group was obviously higher than that in the model group(P ＜ 0.05).However,there was no statistically significant difference between high-dose therapy group and low-dose therapy group (P ＞0.05).Conclusions H2S implements renal protection effect partly by reducing the expression of ED-1 and KIM-1 in tubule interstitices to ease tubular interstitial fibrosis.