OBJECTIVETo investigate the antitumor effects of koumine in mice bearing H22 solid tumor and its effect on the immune system of the mice.

METHODSThe changes in spleen and tumor weights and blood cell count were observed after koumine treatment in BALB/c athymic mice bearing H22 solid tumor, using normal saline solution and 5-Fu as the controls.

RESULTSKoumine significantly inhibited the tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner. The spleen index and blood cell counts in koumine group showed no significant differences from those in the saline control group, but higher than those in 5-Fu group.

CONCLUSIONKoumine can significantly inhibit the growth of H22 solid tumor without obvious inhibitory effect on the immune system in mice.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gelsemium ; chemistry ; Indole Alkaloids ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Phytotherapy

MP-Rep fusion gene which size is about 1000bp was constructed by recombinant PCR technique.In order to construct fusion gene,Tobacco mosaic virus(TMV) partial movement protein gene(MP) and Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) partial replicase gene(rep) were ligated.Two copies of MP-Rep fusion gene were ligated with soybean intron in inverted repeat manner,the recombinant fragments were then inserted into binary vector pBIN438 under the control of 35S promoter.Recombinant clone pBIN438-MP-Rep(i/r) which contained two different virus derived genes was constructed.Recombinant clone pBIN438-MP-Rep(i/r) in accord with expected design was certified by restriction endonuclease enzymes digestion and PCR analysis.This approach provides a basis for Broad-spectrum plant virus resistance mediated by RNA Silencing.

Objective To study the clinical features and to improve the treatment on the elderly patients with brain tumor.Methods Retrospective analysis of 163 cases with brain tumor which had been confirmed by CT,MRA or pathology.Results Of all the 163 cases,121 were located in supratentorium,most of which were meningiomas and gliomas.Most patients(129 cases)had comorbidity.After operation,symptoms disappeared or obviously improved in 126 cases,moderately improved in 19 cases,and did not changed in 6 patients.Twelve cases died after operation in a month, in which 9 patients were over 75 years old.The death rate of operation was 6.1%.Conclusions It is important to know the atypical manifestation of brain tumor in the elderly,which may prevent clinical misdiagnosis and mistherapy.The perioperative management is indispensable to the prognosis of the patients.The choice of operation and medication should be in individualized.

Objective To explore of the composition of central military hospital nursing team and the status of their job satisfaction.Methods Nurses' job satisfaction in three central military hospitals with 1000 sick bed were surveyed.An analysis was conducted in military nursing team.Results The contract workers as the main force of the central military hospital nursing staff accounted for 69.3％.At the age of 18 - 27 accounted for the biggest proportion of 93.6％,the technical secondary school and junior college degree was the largest number,accounted 94.6％ and 72.4％ respectively.The ratio of their working years in four to six years was 79.5％,the biggest proportion of clinical and auxiliary clinic post highest was 75.2％ and 78.3％.Active duty soldier nurse accounted for only 9.6％ of all the nurse,and even less than 12.4％ of the civilian nurse,and in 38 -47 years old group owned the largest proportion 85.5％,during the hospital nursing management of hospital was largest (81.9％).Civilian nurse working years in 1 -3 years in the stage of the largest shared 98.8％ of people,and the proportion has more than active duty soldiers nurse.Post-retirement employment nurses were most in the 48 years old group with the proportion of maximum 86.7％,length of service in the 14 years was the highest percentage of 47.5％.Solider nurses' proportion was 1％,their length of service was short and most working in clinical.The overall job satisfaction level of five kinds of nursing staff was low.The active duty soldier nurses' job satisfaction was the highest score(3.18 ± 1.02).The difference between the five groups was statistically significant ( F =76; P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Military nursing team tends to be more diversified,younger and backbone absent and their job satisfaction are low.The development of the military nursing team confront with the opportunities and challenges due to the situation of diversification of military nursing team,a full range of diversified management pattern should be established based on optimize nursing structure and strengthen the comprehensive training for medical service capacity,which can improve nurses' job satisfaction and ensure the ability of medical support.

Adult ; Cerebellar Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Ganglioneuroma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged

BACKGROUNDLiver transplantation is the most effective treatment for patients with end-stage liver failure, however infection after transplantation is a serious clinical complication. The purpose of this research was to investigate the molecular epidemiology and the influence of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive infection in patients, following liver transplantation, to provide reference for clinical treatment and prevention of Gram-positive bacterial infection.

METHODSWe isolated and detected bacteria from phlegm, throat swabs, urine, wound or wound secretions, blood, and fecal samples from 221 liver transplant patients in our hospital from January 2007 to April 2010. All isolated bacterial strains were identified and tested by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) drug-sensitive detection using the BioMerieux ATB bacterial identification instrument and repetitive extragenic palindromic-polymerase chain reaction (REP-PCR) detection of bacterial homology. Risk factors were calculated by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSWe collected 250 specimens from 221 patients hospitalized following liver transplantation surgery, of which 29 patients developed multiple infections. Sixty-five Gram-positive bacterial strains were isolated from different specimens from 53 infectious patients. We detected 29 multidrug-resistant Gram-positive strains from 29 patients (44.62%), including 20 Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains (68.97%) and nine Enterococcus strains (31.03%). All 20 S. aureus strains were highly resistant to aminoglycosides (gentamicin), cephalosporins (cefoxitin), quinolones (ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin), lincomycins (clindamycin), penicillin, and erythromycin. The resistance rate reached 100% in some cases. The S. aureus strains were highly sensitive to vancomycin and oxazolidinone (linezolid), with MIC50 < 2 µg/ml for both. The nine Enterococci strains were also highly resistant to aminoglycosides, quinolones, and penicillins, and highly sensitive to vancomycin (MIC50 < 2 µg/ml) and oxazolidinone (MIC50 < 1 µg/ml). Using REP-PCR detection, S. aureus was divided into five genotypes with 14 B-type strains. Enterococcus was divided into 11 genotypes, with two D-type strains, two G-type strains, and two K-type strains. The risk factors for Gram-positive bacterial infection in patients following liver transplantation were preoperative use of antibiotics (OR = 3.949, P = 0.004), high intra-operative blood input (OR = 1.071, P = 0.005), and postoperative renal failure (OR = 5.427, P = 0.043).

CONCLUSIONSS. aureus and Enterococcus were the main pathogens causing infection following liver transplantation in patients with drug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial infection. The isolated strains were resistant to multiple antibiotics. B-type S. aureus strains were predominant. Reasonable use of antibiotics, decreasing intra-operative blood input, and preventing post-operative renal failure may reduce Gram-positive bacterial infections and the appearance of drug-resistant strains following liver transplantation.

Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; genetics ; Female ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; drug effects ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections ; epidemiology ; etiology ; microbiology ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo establish a salivary sediment malodor system, and to evaluate the effect of several kinds of bacteria dedicated to the halitosis formation, hence to identify halitosis-correlated bacteria.

METHODSThe proportion of the supernatant and sediment, gained from centrifugal whole saliva, was adjusted to establish a salivary sediment malodor system incubated in facultative aerobic environment under 37 degrees C for 7 hours. The halitosis indexes in both gaseous phase and liquid phase were checked by direct sniffing, and volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) and pH were determined by halimeter and glass electrode respectively between hours to evaluate the malodor formation. The suspended fluid of suspicious halitosis-correlated bacteria and non-halitosis-correlated bacteria and water control were introduced into the salivary sediment system incubated for 1 hour. The five groups were incubated in facultative aerobic environment under 37 degrees C in the residual hours. The halitosis indexes, VSCs and pH changes were recorded between hours.

RESULTSThe salivary sediment malodor system can simulate the metabolism of halitosis formation to produce halitosis. The odors of the suspicious halitosis-correlated bacteria introduced groups were higher than the non-halitosis-correlated bacteria and water control group.

CONCLUSIONWith its simple but fundamental manipulations, incubated whole saliva is a powerful model for study of the metabolism of the oral mixed microbial flora, malodor formation, and other oral diseases-related processes.

Bacteria ; Halitosis ; Humans ; Odorants ; Saliva

With the development of stem cells and regenerative medicine (treatment of various diseases using stem cells) research, the induction of differentiation of human stem cell technology has also made significant progress. The development of chemical biology offers a variety of small biological molecules for stem cell biology. This review focuses on how small molecule compounds (natural and synthetic) induce differentiation of stem cells.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; methods ; Humans ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Regenerative Medicine ; trends ; Signal Transduction ; Small Molecule Libraries ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; Wnt Proteins ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo detect the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of chemokine regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) promoter and first intron of asymptomatic, human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infected individuals of in Han Chinese and evaluate the influence on HIV-1 infection by variants.

METHODSCase-control study was adopted, Genotypes of RANTES promoter -403 and -28 from 538 samples and RANTES first intron In1.1 from 300 samples of Han Chinese were detected by DNA sequencing or by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

RESULTSThere were six genotypes of RANTES promoter -403 and -28 found in Han Chinese group. The distribution of genotypes was AC/AC 12.4%, AC/AG 3.5%, AC/GC 29.2%, AG/GC 10.9%, GC/GC 42.1%, AG/AG 1.5%. The haplotypes was GC 62.7%, AC 28.7%, AG 8.6%. Compared with AC/AC, Odd ratio (OR) of RANTES genotypes AC/AG, AC/GC, AG/GC, GC/GC was associated with weaker reduced susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. However, there were no significant contents of the allele frequencies between people living with HIV-1 and healthy individuals. The distribution of RANTES In1.1 alleles were T/T 71.0%, C/T 19.9%, C/C 9.1% and haplotypes were RANTES In1.1T 81%, In1.1C 19%, respectively; There were significant differences of RANTES In1.1 between people with HIV-1 infection and healthy individuals in males. The In1.1C-bearing genotypes would increase susceptibility to HIV-1 infection but no significant differences in females were found. Strong linkage disequilibrium was observed between all of the three RANTES SNPs.

CONCLUSIONThe two -403A/G, -28C/G variants in RANTES promoter region and intron In1.1 T/C mutation genotype were found to be associated with the genetic susceptibility to HIV-1 infection among the Han Chinese. However, the In1.1C allele or its haplotypes in RANTES intron 1 displayed a stronger dominant association with HIV-1 infection in males.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemokine CCL5 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Child ; China ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; HIV Infections ; genetics ; HIV-1 ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Introns ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sex Factors