Early Diagnosis ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans

Cholangitis, Sclerosing ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary ; diagnosis ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic effects and mechanism of Jiechangning (JCN) decoction on carrageenan induced experimental ulcerative colitis (UC).

METHODSAfter sensitizing guinea pigs with carrageenan, we established UC animal models by free drinking water containing 2% acid degraded carrageenan (ADC). JCN decoction was orally administered once a day for 2 weeks after carrageenan treatment. Salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP) and normal saline were given to the other two groups as control. The levels of colon lipid peroxide (LPO), acid phosphatase (ACP) activity and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were measured; colitis activity score (CAS) was carried out for assessment of the degree of tissue inflammation and injury; the colonic pathological changes were examined simultaneously with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and toluidine blue staining used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of JCN decoction and SASP.

RESULTSExperimental colitis models resembling human UC were successfully induced. The levels of tissue LPO, ACP activity and the content of tissue TNF-alpha were markedly increased in the model group as compared with the normal control group (P < 0.01) and were positively correlated with CAS. JCN decoction could reverse these changes like SASP. HE staining showed that JCN decoction and SASP could reduce CAS and the degree of tissue injury, toluidine blue staining revealed that mucosa and submucosa red metachromasia pellets in JCN group and SASP group were markedly fewer than those in the model group.

CONCLUSIONJCN decoction is effective in treating experimental UC, which provides theoretical basis for its clinical application.

Acid Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Carrageenan ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; Colon ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Gastrointestinal Agents ; pharmacology ; Guinea Pigs ; Lipid Peroxides ; metabolism ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plant Preparations ; pharmacology ; Sulfasalazine ; pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo assess the role of Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) gene polymorphisms in susceptibility to type I autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).

METHODSWe detected 2 polymorphisms in TNF-alpha promoter gene at positions -238 and -308 and 3 polymorphic sites in IL-10 gene promoter at positions -1082, -819, -592 by polymerase chain reaction and dot blot with probes in the patients with 32 type I AIH and 48 health controls.

RESULTSGenotypes associated with guanine to adenine substitution at position -308 of TNF-alpha promoter gene occurred more commonly in the patients than in health controls (53.1% vs. 27.1%, RR = 3.05, P < 0.01). There is no significant difference in polymorphisms of TNF-alpha gene at position -238 and 3 polymorphic sites in IL-10 promoter gene between patients and health controls.

CONCLUSIONGenotypes associated with guanine to adenine substitution at position -308 of TNF-alpha promoter gene (TNF-308A) may involve in the pathogenesis of type I AIH

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune ; immunology ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics

Objective To establish the normal parameters of psychometric measures such as the number connection tests A(NCT-A)and digit symbol tests(DST)in assessment of minimal hepatic en- cephalopathy(MHE).Methods One hundred and sixty healthy volunteers(aged 25 to 64 years;educa- tional level＞9 years)were divided into＜35 ys,35～44 ys,45～54 ys and 55～64 ys groups.All of the healthy volunteers were assessed with NCT-A and DST to establish the normal value of age-related parameters,which can be used for diagnosis of MHE in patients with liver cirrhosis.Two standard devi- ation of the normal mean was used as a diagnostic criterion for MHE.One hundred and six cirrhotic patients were assessed with these parameters.Results The parameters of NCT-A were(25.1?4.6) sec in＜35 ys group,(32.1?6.8) sec in 35～44 ys group,(38.6?7.1)sec in 45～54 ys group or (49.3?6.3)sec in 55～64 ys group.The scores of DST were 49.9?4.7 in＜35 ys group,44.6?4.8 in 35～44 ys group,38.5?5.0 in 45～54 ys group or 35.4?4.7 in 55～64 ys group.Thirty one out of 106 cirrhotic patients were diagnosed as MHE based on these parameters.Conclusion The NCT- A and DST are psychometric assessments for diagnosis of MHE.Age-based normal paramerters of NCT- A and DST are needed to be established.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Chinese herbal compound (CHC) on the expression of hepatocyte cytochrome P450IIE1 in rat model of alcoholic fatty liver (AFL).

METHODSThe AFL rats models were established by administering the drinking water with 40%(v/v) ethanol, and the changes of pathology in liver and hepatocyte P450IIE1 expression, as well as the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), vitamin E (VitE) in liver were detected and compared with those in the control group.

RESULTSFatty degeneration in liver recovered normally in the CHC-treated group. Immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization examination showed that CHC could inhibit the hepatocyte cytochrome P450IIE1 expression markedly, and restore the contents of MDA, SOD, GSH, VitE to nearly normal range.

CONCLUSIONCHC can prevent AFL through inhibiting the hepatocyte cytochrome P450IIE1 expression markedly

Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic ; pathology ; Gene Expression ; Hepatocytes ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of T-cell vaccination in murine experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH).

METHODSTo induce the EAH model, the syngeneic S-100 antigen emulsified in complete Freud's adjuvant was injected intraperitoneally to C57Bl/6 at day 1 and day 7. For T-cell vaccination, splenocytes were removed from animal 2 weeks after induction of EAH and from control animals, and activated in vitro by mitogen stimulation with Concanavalin A (Con A), then inactivated by mitomycin and injected at 5 10(7) cells per animal as T-cell vaccination at 14 and 7 days before first induction of EAH.

RESULTSThe histological grade and serum ALT level of the mice who received T-cell vaccination were decrease significantly, compared with that of model group (1.44+/-0.88 vs. 2.33+/-0.87, t=2.24, P<0.05; 63.0U/L+/-23.4U/L vs. 115.0U/L1+/-39.6U/L, t=2.37, P<0.01, respectively); there was no significant change in mice who received irrelevant T-cell vaccination.

CONCLUSIONT-cell vaccination with T cells from EAH animals, but not with irrelevant T cells, was able to protect animals from EAH.

Animals ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune ; prevention & control ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Vaccination

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of endotoxin receptor expression in the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).

METHODSHSCs were isolated from normal rats and the expression of endotoxin receptors on quiet HSCs and in vitro activated HSCs was determined using RT-PCR and immunocytochemical staining methods. A rat model of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis was established. The expressions of CD14 and alpha-SMA in liver tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSFreshly isolated HSCs had a low level of CD14 mRNA expression and no expression of TLR4 mRNA was detected. The in vitro activated HSCs had increased expressions of CD14 mRNA and TLR4 mRNA and LPS up-regulated the expression of endotoxin receptors. Immunocytochemical staining showed cytoplasmic and nucleolus staining for CD14 in the cultured HSCs. LPS played a further role on CD14 protein expression. In the development of liver fibrosis, the number of CD14-positive cells in the livers was increased and these cells were distributed along the sinusoids. In the later stage of liver fibrosis, the CD14-positive cells were gathered in the fibrotic septae, which also contained alpha-SMA positive cells.

CONCLUSIONThe activated HSCs expressed endotoxin receptors. The endotoxin receptors may be involved in the role in which HSCs played in the inflammatory process and liver fibrosis development.

Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors ; metabolism ; Liver Cirrhosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Immunologic ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C

Adult ; Electroencephalography ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Female ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed