BACKGROUNDNonmyeloablative allogeneic bone marrow transplantation has been used since the 1990s as a new hematological stem cell transplantation strategy for treating hematological diseases. The purpose of this study was to explore the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effects of donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) after nonmyeloablative allogeneic bone marrow transplantations, while assessing the declines in treatment-associated morbidity, mortality, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

METHODSA total of 615 (H-2k) mice were injected with L615 tumor cells and received 500 cGy (60Co gamma-ray) irradiation three days later, followed by an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT). The allo-grafts consisted of 3 x 10(7) bone marrow cells and 1 x 10(7) spleen cells from BALB/C (H-2d) donor mice. Two days after the allo-BMT, the recipient mice were given 200 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide. Subsequently, recipient mice were infused with either donor spleen cells (2 x 10(7)) on day 14 or 21, or donor spleen cells (5 x 10(7)) pretreated with hydrocortisone and cyclosporin A (CsA) in vitro on day 14 post-BMT.

RESULTSThe median survival time of mice that received DLI on day 21 and pretreated DLI on day 14 post-BMT was longer than that of controls and the day 14 DLI group (P < 0.01). No evidence of severe GVHD was observed in the day 21 DLI group nor in the day 14 treated DLI group. Mixed chimerism was confirmed in the day 14 DLI group, the day 14 treated DLI group, and the day 21 DLI group on the thirteenth day post-transplantation; full donor chimerism was observed two weeks after DLI.

CONCLUSIONDonor lymphocyte infusion after nonmyeloablative bone marrow transplantation may reduce transplantation-associated morbidity and mortality while strengthening graft-versus-leukemia effects.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; immunology ; Cyclosporine ; pharmacology ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; etiology ; Graft vs Leukemia Effect ; immunology ; Hydrocortisone ; pharmacology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocyte Transfusion ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Transplantation Chimera ; Transplantation, Homologous

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of shoulder injuries by training,and provide scientific evidence for effective intervention measures.Methods Through cluster random sampling method,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 1 080 trainers to analyze the occurrence of shoulder injury by training,the training courses lead to shoulder injuries and classification of shoulder injuries by training.The psychological status,shoulder symptoms,protective measures and other factors were compared between the injured group and the normal group to explore the influencing factors of injuries.Results Of 1 080 trainers,the incidence of shoulder injuries was 18.52％.The training course where injured were currently creeping forward (34.96％),push-ups (13.82％) and pull-ups (13.41％).The main types of injuries were soft tissue injuries(92.27％).The difference was statistically significant between two groups in the aspects of the mental state,shoulder protection measures and the presence of symptoms (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The shoulder injuries of training personnel were mainly caused by soft tissue injuries.Long time training,short time for rest,lack of control or confidence were the major risk factors.Shoulder symptoms during training and inadequate application of protective measures may lead to the incidence of training injuries increasing.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of Tripterygium hypoglaucum (level) Hutch (THH) on cytokine production in acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD)mice and explore the mechanisms.

METHODS2 x 10(7) bone marrow cells mixed with 2 x 10(7) spleen cells from the same C57BL/6 mouse were transplanted into the myeloablative irradiated inbred BALB/c mouse to establish a aGVHD model. The experiments were designed as follows: control group (group A), CsA prophylaxis group (group B), THH prophylaxis group (group C), and combined THH with CsA prophylaxis group (group D). aGVHD was assessed by histologic changes of skin, liver and intestines. Chimerism was detected by H-2b molecular expression on recipient mice bone marrow cells with flow cytometer. Serum concentrations of IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-10 were determined by ELISA.

RESULTSThe serum concentrations of IFN-gamma in group B, C, D were significantly lower than that in group A, while those of IL-10 was significantly higher than that in group A (P < 0.05). There was no changes in concentration of IL-4 in all the groups (P > 0.05). The median survival time for group A was nine days, while that of group B, C, D each was more than 30 days being significantly longer than that of group A (P < 0.05). The recipient mice of group A displayed significant clinical symptoms of GVHD, and died within 20 days; whereas those of group B, C, D showed only ruffled fur and uplift posture. Histologic changes of liver and intestines in group B and C displayed a few lymphocytes infiltration while the histologic morphology of skin, liver and intestines in the survived mice of group D was normal. Allogeneic chimerism rates of group B, C, D at day 30 after allo-BMT were (99.18 +/- 0.58)%, (97.68 +/- 0.59)%, and (99.15 +/- 0.11)%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONTHH could regulate the production of cytokines and prevent aGVHD. THH and CsA at low dose combination showed synergic effect in preventing aGVHD.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; blood ; prevention & control ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Lymphocyte Transfusion ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Phytotherapy ; Tripterygium ; chemistry

Iron-doped titanium dioxide nanosheets was prepared by hydrothermal method using tetrabutyl titanate (C16H36O4Ti) and iron trifluoride (FeF3) and modified on ITO electrode.ITO/Fe : TiO2/CdS photoelectrochemical sensor was fabricated by successive ionic layer absorption and reaction(SILAR) method for determination of copper ion.The band gap of electode material was narrowed by iron doped TiO2 nanosheets,which made its absorption red-shifted and its response range of light was magnified.Based on the sensitization effect of CdS,the absorption and utilization of visible light of sensor was significantly enhanced and the photoelectric signal was amplified via reducing the recombination of electrons and holes.The sensor displayed excellent analytical performance for detection of copper ion with linear range of 0.2-4.0 μmol/L and 4.0-80.0 μmol/L and with the detection limit of 85 nmol/L.The sensor was used to detect copper ion in tap water,drinking water and Yongjiang river water with recoveries ranging from 94% to 111%.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the biological effect on the synthesis of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the cultivation of adult degenerative nucleus pulposus cells using the stiring microcarrier system in vitro.

METHODSThirty-four specimens were collected after intervertebral fusion operations of the patients with intervertebral disc herniation diseases from September 2005 to May 2009. The specimens were then randomly allocated into 2 groups for in vitro cultivation: monolayer culture group and microcarrier culture group. On the exponential phase, SP-ABC immunohistochemical staining and Western blot quantitative analysis were conducted in the two groups to detect the collagen type I and II. Proteoglycan contents of two groups in different growth phases were detected with (35)S-sulfate incorporation assay.

RESULTThe expressions of collagen type I and II in microcarrier culture group were significantly higher than those in monolayer culture group: SP-ABC immunohistochemical staining (collagen type I: 32.5 ± 4.4 vs. 15.2 ± 1.2, t = 2.871, P < 0.01; collagen type II: 43.6 ± 4.1 vs. 23.1 ± 2.2, t = 2.375, P < 0.05); Western blot quantitative analysis (collagen type I: 0.62 ± 0.08 vs. 0.50 ± 0.06, t = 3.327, P < 0.01; collagen type II: 1.46 ± 0.08 vs. 0.86 ± 0.04, t = 2.453, P < 0.05). Nucleus pulposus cells cultivated in stiring microcarrier system showed significantly increased proteoglycan synthesis than monolayer culture group does on both exponential phase and stationary phase (exponential phase: 34 821 ± 312 vs. 21 046 ± 673, t = 2.134, P < 0.05; stationary phase: 45 134 ± 175 vs. 32 193 ± 713, t = 2.801, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of collagen type I, II and proteoglycan of adult degenerative nucleus pulposus cells are positive regulated by the stiring microcarrier system, which can be used in the mass amplification of the adult degenerative nucleus pulposus cells.

Adult ; Aged ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; cytology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proteoglycans ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the age-related changes of the mandibular third molar root pulp visibility in individuals in East China,and to explore the feasibility of applying this method to deter-mine whether an individual is 18 years or older.Methods A total of 1 280 oral panoramic images were collected from the 15-30 years old East China population,and the mandibular third molar root pulp visibility in all oral panoramic images was evaluated using OLZE 0-3 four-stage method,and the age distribution of the samples at each stage was analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results Stages 0,1,2 and 3 first appeared in 16.88,19.18,21.91 and 25.44 years for males and in 17.47,20.91,22.01 and 26.01 years for females.In all samples,individuals at stages 1 to 3 were over 18 years old.Conclusion It is feasible to determine whether an individual in East China is 18 years or older based on the mandibular third molar root pulp visibility on oral panoramic images.

Objective To study the effects on anterosuperior stability of the shoulder joint when the coracoacromial arch is damaged at different degrees. Methods Thirty-six specimens of the fresh frozen adult shoulder joints were randomly and evenly divided into 3 groups. Group 1, reserving integrity of the coracoacromial ligament of the shoulder joint; Group 2, dissecting half of the coracoacromial ligament attachment sector on the acromion; Group 3, grinding all the coracoacromial ligament attachment sector on the acromion. The specimens of the shoulder joint were fixed on test bench of the biomechanical testing machine. The axial pressure was applied on the humeral shaft, and the humeral head was pushed to move in anterosuperior direction. The displacement distance of the humeral head under 50 N pressure was then recorded. Results Under 50 N pressure, the displacement distance of the humeral head in Group 1, 2, 3 was (2.50±0.59), (5.38±0.71), (6.49±0.81) mm, respectively, which showed significantly statistic differences among 3 groups (P<0.05). Conclusions The damage to the coracoacromial arch will affect the anterosuperior stability of the shoulder joint. The greater damage to the coracoacromial arch will lead to the lower anterosuperior stability of the shoulder joint.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy(rESWT) for the treatment of superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve(SLBCN) compression syndrome.Methods A total of 40 patients with SLBCN compression syndrome who were treated in our department from March 2013 to October 2015 were equally randomized into two groups according to random number table:rESWT group(treated with rESWT for 1 cycle) and control group(treated with local hormone injection for 1 cycle). Visual analogue scale(VAS) and Constant-Murley scale(CMS) were applied to evaluate the shoulder joint function before treatment and 1 month and 1 year after treatment. Results The average CMS scores were(66.7±0.9) and(65.7±1.1)scores in rESWT group and control group,respectively,before treatment(t=0.67,P=0.510) and were(86.9±1.0) and(86.4±1.1)scores one month after treatment(t=0.35,P=0.730);it increased to(89.7±0.7) scores in rESWT group one year later,which was significantly higher than that in control group[(85.3±0.8)scores](t=3.56,P=0.002). The improvement rate was 95% in rESWT group and only 75% in control group. Before treatment,the median VAS score in rESWT group and control group were 5.00(5.00,6.00) and 5.00(4.00,5.75)scores(u=1.13,P=0.29);one month after treatment,the median VAS score in these two groups were 2(1.00,2.75) and 2.00(1.00,2.00)scores(u=0.04,P=0.85);one year later,it was 1.00(0.00,1.00) scores in rESWT group,significantly lower than that in [2.00(1.00,2.00)scores] control group(u=5.09,P=0.02). Conclusion Compared with local hormone injection,rESWT can remarkably alleviate pain and restore shoulder joint function in patients with SLBCN compression syndrome after one year of treatment.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEStudies have shown that nitric oxide (NO) derived from endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is expressed widely in tumor tissues and regulates tumor angiogenesis. However, the results are controversial. This study was to investigate the effect of NO on tumor angiogenesis and its mechanism.

METHODSC57BL/6 mice inoculated with Lewis lung cancer cells were randomly divided into three groups. Mice in the NO group were inoculated with lung cancer cells transfected with eNOS gene, mice in the L-NAME group with L-NAME, an eNOS antagonist, and mice in the control group with normal saline. Plasma concentration of NO and the number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in peripheral blood were detected . Tumor vessel density, CD133+ cells, and the expression of VEGF-VEGFR in tumor tissues were also measured.

RESULTSFour weeks after inoculation of Lewis cells, tumor volume was significantly larger in control group [ (3022 +/- 401) mm(3)] than in the L-NAME group [ (1204 +/-97) ) mm(3)] and in the eNOS group [(1824 +/- 239) mm(3)] (P<0.01). eNOS protein and NO production increased significantly in Lewis lung cancer cells transfected with eNOS gene. But the number of CD133-positive cells and vessel density in tumors were significantly lower in the eNOS group than in the control group [(48+/-19) / HPF vs. ( 103 +/- 27)/ HPF, (19+/- 7) HPF vs. (31 +/- 9) HPF, P<0.05]. The number of EPCs in peripheral blood was not statistically different between each group. The levels of NO in blood and tumor tissue significantly decreased after the treatment of L-NAME, while the tumor vessel density reduced to 12+/- 5/ HPF (P<0.01, vs. the control group; P<0.05, vs the eNOS transfected group). The number of EPCs in blood and that of CD133-positive cells in tumor tissue were significantly smaller in the L-NAME group than in the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONNo derived from eNOS inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth, which may be due to its suppression on either the mobilization or homing of EPCs via VEGF binding to VEGFR.

AC133 Antigen ; Animals ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Lewis Lung ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Count ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular ; pathology ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Female ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microvessels ; pathology ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; pharmacology ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Peptides ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; Random Allocation ; Stem Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Transfection ; Tumor Burden ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; metabolism

Objective Characterization of rabies virus phosphoprotein through analyzation of genetic variations about rabies virus phosphoproteins in high-incidence regions in China. Methods The nucleotide sequence of the P gene of Guangxi, Guizhou and Hunan provinces positive sample's were sequenced, and the P region's similarity and phylogenetic analyses were completed by using softer wares. Results The similarity of P region's nucleotide sequence is 82.1%-100%, while, the similarity of amino acid sequence is 87.5%-100%. A little variation in phosphoprotein cannot influence its biological functions. Conclusion All rabies viruses isolated from Guangxi, Guizhou and Hunan provinces belong to genotype 1 and share same phylogenies and same genome characteristic; Virus distribution presents unique Characterization; Some virus isolates from Hunan province and Thailand may come from the same virus.