OBJECTIVETo study the expression and associations of three survivin splicing variants in gastric cancer and normal gastric mucosa, and to evaluate the prognostic significance.

METHODSReal time quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of three survivin splicing variants in tumor and matched normal gastric mucosa specimens from 77 cases with gastric cancer.

RESULTSThe expression of three survivin splicing variants than upregulated significantly in gastric cancer than those in normal mucosas (P< 0.01). In cancer tissues, the expression rates of survivin, survivin-2B, survivin-deltaEx3 were 100%, 79.8% (61/77), 64.9% (50/77) respectively. The survival rate was significantly lower in the patients with high survivin expression than those with low survivin expression (P< 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAmong three survivin splicing variants, the expression level of wild-type survivin mRNA is an important predictor for prognosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastric Mucosa ; pathology ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Protein Isoforms ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Transcription, Genetic

Objective To discuss the strategy and intervention measures of the iodine deficiency disorders (IDD)control in coastal salt.producing areas so as to shoot the problem of non-iodized salt causing IDD.Methods Accordinng to different areas,periods and crowds,eomplicatd measures and strategies were taken such as supply of iodized salt to peopie in special need while universalizaion of iodized salt,health promotion,private salt factory censu8 and close.iodized salt quality monitoring and promotion of technology of iodized salt producion in Xiamen, where the probiem of non-iodized salt Was serious since 1995.Results Iodized salt manufactured Was qualified in a increased rate from 89.50% in 1995 to 96.17% in 1997,stablized at 99.00%since 2000.Qualified iodized salt sold in the shops waft increased from 87.33%in 1996 to 96.33%in 1998.Popularization covered by iodized salt in urban areas increaased from 0.92%in 1 995 to 100.00%in 2000,and it Was increased from 0 to 99.00%in suburban area8 and increased from 0 to 89.00%in rural areas.Since 2001 iodized salt covered up 93.00%of the people.The rate of child goitre in urban,suburban and rural areas respectively Wag 16.44%(228/1387), 20.57%(266/1293) and 24.93%(651/2611).Moreover,beginning from 1996,it reduced tO below of 5.00%respectively in 1999,2001 and 2005.The median of urinary iodine of children in urban,suburban and rural areas respectively was 137.50, 102.12,94.66 μg/L in 1995,since 1997 it reached 100.00μg/L and kept at 120.00μg/L In 2007 the median of urinarv iedine of children respectively was 271.10,240.40,198.10μg/L in urban,suburban and rural areas.The pereentage of awareness of IDD knowledge was 74.00%(444/600)in students in 1997 and reached 95.00% since 2000.Conclusion The paRern of eliminating iodine deficiency dis ease in Xiamen has successful established,which works efficiently and sets an example for iodized salt supplement in non-iodized salt areas and continually eliminating the iodine deficiency disease.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects and the mechanisms of cell growth inhibition in hepatocellular carcinoma cells after induction with antisense survivin-liposome (LIP) complex, and to provide evidence in treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma and tumors expressing survivin.

METHODSSurvivin ODNs was transfected into HepG2 cells mediated by LiP reagent. The expression of survivin mRNA and protein was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. MTT assay was applied to determine cell proliferation in HepG2 cells. Active caspase-3 and apoptosis rate were evaluated by flow cytometric analysis. The morphological changes were assessed by electron microscopy. Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry in the cell cycle-synchronized hepatocellular carcinoma cells treated with the antisense compound.

RESULTSAntisense compound efficiently down-regulated survivin expression (mRNA and protein) in a dose-dependent manner with an IC(50) of 250 nmol/L. Its maximal effect was achieved at a concentration of 600 nmol/L, when expression levels were down-regulated by 80%, as revealed by gradually increase of caspase-3-like protease activity and apoptosis rate in a time-dependent manner. Morphological apoptotic changes such as membrane blebbing, loss of microvilli, cytoplasmic vasculization, condensation of cytoplasm and nucleus, chromatin fragmentation, and apoptosis and cell growth inhibition were observed. In the cell cycle-synchronized hepatocellular carcinoma cells, antisense compound induced cell cycle arrest followed by apoptosis. After treated with low concentration of compound, the cell cycle was arrested at S phase or G2/M phase; while at high concentration, the cell cycle was mainly arrested at S phase. Apoptosis was obviously observed and the rate of apoptosis was increased in a time and concentration-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONAntisense survivin has significant inhibitory effect on growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro. This is associated with cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Caspase 3 ; Caspases ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Liposomes ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo detect HBV DNA and its genotypes.

METHODSThe 6 isoforms of HBV DNA was detected out using of different probes by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Nucleic Acid hybridization.

RESULTSOf 150 HBV DNA positive patients who lived in Shenzhen, 50 samples (33%) are type B, 36 samples (24%) are type C, 13 samples (9%) are type D, 3 samples is type F, 1 sample is type A, 48 samples (31%) are mixed type. The ALT value was significantly higher in genotype B than in genotype C. HBe positivity were higher in genotype B than genotype C. HBeAg positivity were higher in genotype C than in genotype B. There are not obvious relations between genotype and age or sex.

CONCLUSIONIn the detected samples, the major genotype of HBV DNA is type B, several are type C, D. The type E haven't been found. There are some relations between all kinds of genotypes and the severity of hepatitis B.

Adult ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; classification ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To prepare the 99Tcm-survivin mRNA antisense peptide nucleic acid (PNA)and investigate its value as a gene imaging agent in tumor bearing mice and early diagnosis in tumor.Methods Survivin mRNA antisense PNA and mismatch PNA were synthesized.Four amino acids (Gly- (D)Ala-Gly-Gly) and Aba (4-aminobutyric acid) were linked to the 5' end of PNA.Gly- (D)Ala-Gly-Gly served as a chelating moiety for strong chelation of 99Tcm and Aba acted as a spacer to minimize the steric hindrance.PNAs were labeled with 99Tcm by the ligand-exchange method.The labeling efficiency and radiochemical purity were measured by HPLC and ITLC methods.There were five BALB/c nude mice bearing human lung carcinoma ( A549 ) in each of antisense PNA and mismatch PNA groups.Gene imaging of 99Tcm-survivin mRNA antisense and mismatch PNAs were performed at 1,2 and 4 h post the injection,respectively,and the T/NT ratio was measured by the method of ROI.The statistical comparisons of average values were performed with the two-group t-test for independent sample by SPSS 13.0.Results The product kept stable in vitro.The labeling efficiency of 99Tcm-survivin mRNA antisense PNA was (95.48 ±1.92)％ and more than 85％ after the incubation for24 h in serum.The radiochemical purity was ＞ 95％.The labeling efficiency of mismatch PNA was similar to the antisense PNA.99Tcm-survivin mRNA antisense PNA was especially uptaken by tumor lesion,and its accumulation reached the top at 4 h post the injection.T/NT ratios at 1,2,and 4 h were 2.70 ± 0.28,3.44 ± 0.35,4.21 ± 0.63,respectively.In the comparison,the T/NT ratio of 99Tcm-survivin mRNA mismatch PNA at 4 h (3.12 ±0.50) was significantly lower (t =2.918,P =0.019).Conclusions 99Tcm-survivin mRNA antisense PNA has high labeling efficiency,good stability and no need of purification.Its characteristic of especial uptake by tumor lesion provides the potential value in early diagnosis of tumor.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of the expression of the PPAR-gamma gene on the proliferation and glycolysis metabolism of prostate cancer cells.

METHODSUsing RNAi, we constructed lowly--expressed shRNA-PPARgamma adenoviruses and transfected them to PC3 prostate cancer cells, with blank vectors as controls. Then we detected the proliferation and apoptosis of the cells, glycolysis metabolism related genes and lactate accumulation by CCK-8 kit, and compared the results between the two groups.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the PPAR-gamma gene expression was obviously inhibited by RNAi in the PC3 cells, and its protein expression was reduced to (26.00 +/- 4.06)%. The proliferation inhibition rate was (39.5 +/- 4.92)% on the 2nd day, and the apoptosis rate was as high as (21.03 +/- 3.08)%. The glycolysis metabolism related gene products (Myc and Glut-1) were significantly decreased, and the lactate concentration was reduced to 69.71% of that of the controls on the 4th day. There were statistically significant differences in the above findings as compared with the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONPPAR-gamma gene knockdown is expected to be a new way to treat prostate cancer.

Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Genetic Vectors ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; metabolism ; Glycolysis ; Humans ; Male ; PPAR gamma ; genetics ; metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; metabolism ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo study the on effects of anti-bacteria, anti-inflammatory and pyretolysis of Oxalis griffithii, it is possible safety.

METHODThe mice model was established by xylene (auricle smear method) and carrageenin (injection under the aponeuroses) respectively, rat febrile model was builded by 2,4-dintrophenol injection, and observe the effects of anti-bacteria in vitro that contracted by Staph aureus, Escherichia, Shigella, Pseudomonas, Aeruginosa. The mice model of experiment study on urgent poison effects (injection under the aponeuroses).

RESULTIt was found that the mouse ear edema induced by xylene, the increased vascular permeability caused by xylene were all significantly suppressed by Oxalis griffithii. At the same time, it could depressed the rat fervescence by 2,4-dinitrophenol. In addition, it has effect on fighting against Escherichia coli in cavum abdominis of mice. Oxalis griffithii hasn't canker affect.

CONCLUSIONThese results suggested that Oxalis griffithii had the effects of antinflammatory, pyretolysis, and safety.

Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Capillary Permeability ; drug effects ; Carrageenan ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Edema ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Escherichia coli Infections ; drug therapy ; Female ; Fever ; drug therapy ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the relationship between the operative methods and the therapeutic results of the patients with hypospadias.

METHODSNine operative types and different tissue materials taken in hypospadias operations in the past 12 years were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThe operative types and tissue materials had significantly effects on the therapeutic results besides the clinical experience of the operators. The cure rates of Tunneltron Urethroplasty, Preputial island flap urethroplasty and Bladder mucosa graft urethroplasty were 86.4%, 83.3% and 83.0% respectively.

CONCLUSIONSAll the nine types and different tissue materials of Hypospadias operations have its own advantages and disadvantages. They are worth further study and improvement.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; surgery ; Infant ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; transplantation ; Penis ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethral Stricture ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder ; transplantation ; Urinary Fistula ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male ; methods

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of 99Tcm labeled survivin mRNA antisense peptide nucleic acid (PNA) as an imaging agent in the specific diagnosis for carcinoma.MethodsSurvivin mRNA antisense PNA was labeled directly with 99Tcm by the ligand-exchange method.Twenty nude mice with lung carcinoma A549 xenografts were randomly divided into 4 groups.Three groups were used for biodistribution study and one group was used for imaging study.Other twenty mice infected by staphylococcus aureus underwent the same procedure.The biodistribution and imaging of 99Tcm-survivin mRNA antisense PNA was studied at 1,2 and 4 h respectively after the intravenous injection in nude mice bearing lung carcinoma A549 xenografts or inflammation models.SPSS 13.0 was used in the study and all data were analyzed by t test.ResultsBiodistribution results showed that the highest radioactivity was found in the liver,and then in the kidney.Four hours after the administration of the imaging agent,the radioactivity ratios of target-tonon target (T/NT,tumor or inflamumatory lesions to the contralateral regions) in tumor model group were significantly higher than those in inflammation model group ( 3.69 ± 1.13 vs 2.03 ± 0.47,t =3.01,P =0.02 ).Tumors were clearly visible in the tumor model groups at 0.5 h and still clearly seen at 4 h after the injection of antisense PNA.On the contrary,inflammatory lesions could not be seen clearly.Conclusion 99Tcm labeled survivin mRNA antisense PNA can be used to distinguish tumor from inflammation and it may provide a new feasible method for specific tumor diagnosis.

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the pathogenic characteristics and epidemiological significance of human plague related strains in Qinghai Province in recent 30 years, so as to provide scientific basis for on-the-spot disposal and prevention and control measures of plague outbreak in Qinghai Province. Methods　A total of 35 strains of Yersinia pestis isolated from 29 typical human plague outbreaks in Qinghai Province from 1980 to 2011 were selected and studied by biochemical fermentation experiments. Virulence factors detection of Fraction 1 antigen (Fra1), virulence antigen (VW), pigmentation (Pgm) and Yersinia pestis Ⅰ (PstⅠ), determinants and genotyping of differential regions (DFRs) were used to study the pathogenic characteristics. At the same time, according to the epidemic situation of human and animal plague in Qinghai Province in recent years, the current situation of plague prevention and control and epidemic characteristics were analyzed. Results　The biotypes of 35 strains of Yersinia pestis were classical, and the biotypes of 29 strains (82.86%) were of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau type, mainly distributed in southern Qinghai and around lake areas, 2 strains (5.71%) belonged to Qilian Mountains type, mainly distributed in Qilian mountains, and 6 genotypes were identified by DFR. Among them, 16 were type 5, 12 were type 8, 2 were type 10, 1 was type 36, 3 were type 30 and 1 was type 1b, the strains of type 5 and 1b were mainly distributed around the lake and the southern foot of Qilian Mountains, while the strains of type 8, 10, 36 and 30 were mainly distributed in the southern part of Qinghai. Conclusions　The pathogen of Yersinia pestis in Qinghai Plateau has complex biochemical types, the epidemic situation among animals is continuous year after year, the situation of prevention and control is serious, the occurrence and prevalence of plague seriously endanger people's health and social development, so it is necessary to do a solid job in the prevention and control of plague to ensure the safety of people's lives.