OBJECTIVETo study the effect of diubiquitin (FAT10) down-regulation by small interfering RNA-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) on the biological features of tongue carcinoma cell line Tca8113.

METHODSTca8113 cells were transfected with synthetic small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting FAT10. Expression of FAT10 mRNA and protein were respectively measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting, transfection efficiencies were monitored. The distribution of cell cycle phases was determined using flow cytometry. The proliferative and invasive ability of Tca8113 cells in vitro was evaluated by the colony-forming unit assay and Transwell migration assay respectively.

RESULTSBoth FAT10 mRNA and protein expression were significantly decreased in the experimental group (pU-FAT10-siRNA: mRAN 0.36 ± 0.03, Protein 0.39 ± 0.04) compared with controls (

CONTROLmRNA 0.95 ± 0.05, Protein 0.69 ± 0.05; pU-siRNA: mRNA 0.92 ± 0.07, Protein 0.64 ± 0.05) (P < 0.05). The cell cycle was arrested in the G(1) phase [pU-FAT10-siRNA: (72.45 ± 5.81)%,

CONTROL(45.95 ± 3.80)%, pU-siRNA: (45.95 ± 3.80)%]. The proliferation and invasiveness of treated Tca8113 cells were inhibited in vitro (pU-FAT10-siRNA: 41.83 ± 8.19, CONTROL: 317.21 ± 69.48, pU-siRNA: 339.36 ± 73.84).

CONCLUSIONSDelivery of siRNA targeting FAT10 seems efficient in down-regulating FAT10 expression and diminishing the growth, proliferation and invasiveness of Tca8113 cells, suggesting that siRNA-based strategy targeting FAT10 may lay a foundation for the clinical management of tongue carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Down-Regulation ; Humans ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Tongue Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Transfection ; Ubiquitins ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship among a 50-Hz MF-induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) clustering, acid sphingomyelinase (A-SMase) and ceramide (CER), and to explore the possible mechanism of receptor clustering.

METHODSHuman amnion (FL) cells were exposed to a 50-Hz sinusoidal magnetic field at 0.4 mT for 15 min with or without imipramine, a specific inhibitor of A-SMase and ceramide pretreatment. EGF treatment served as the positive control and DMSO treatment served as the solvent control. The EGFR was labeled with polyclonal anti-EGFR antibody and the clustering of EGFR was analyzed using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. The percentage of cells with EGFR clustering was counted and compared.

RESULTSBoth EGF treatment and 50-Hz MF exposure could induce EGFR clustering. However, the effect could be eliminated by imipramine pretreatment for 4 hours. When FL cells were incubated with ceramide following the imipramine pretreatment for 30 min, EGFR clustering induced by 50-Hz MF exposure could be recovered.

CONCLUSIONEGFR clustering induced by 50-Hz MF depends on A-SMase activity, and ceramide, as the hydrolyzate from A-SMase might participate in the process of EGFR clustering.

Amnion ; cytology ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Ceramides ; metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Magnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase ; metabolism ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo study the clinic application of compound flap pedicled with arterial arch of palpebral margin in repairing severe full defect of eyelid.

METHODSAccording to eyelid structure and the defect size, the two compound flaps were designed beside the defect based on the arterial arch of the palpebral margin. If the defective area was too large, the lateral compound flap may be extended to lower or upper eyelid 0.5 cm away from the outer canthus, then cut and propelled the two compound flaps to repair the full eyelid defect.

RESULTS20 cases had been cured with this method since 1998. In this cases, 4 cases were basal cell carcinoma of eyelid, 2 cases were squamous carcinoma, 3 angiomas, 6 chromatophore nexuses, 3 traumatic defects, 2 congenital defects. The largest length of eyelid full defect was 1.7 cm and the smallest was 0.8 cm. 6 cases were upper eyelid defect and 14 cases were lower eyelid defect. All the compound flaps survived completely without any complications. All cases obtained satisfactory results functionally and esthetically.

CONCLUSIONSRepairing full eyelid defect with the compound eyelid flap is the same kind tissue repairing. It can not only provide enough tissues to primary repair large full defect of the upper or lower eyelid to restore normal anatomical structure and appearance of the eyelid, but also is easy to be operated without severe secondary deformities. The arterial arch of the palpebral margin is constant and the blood supply of the compound flap is reliable. It is an ideal method of repairing the eyelid defect.

Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Eyelids ; blood supply ; transplantation ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmic Artery ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether GSM 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF EMF) can change the gene expression profile in MCF-7 cells and to screen RF EMF responsive genes.

METHODSSubcultured MCF-7 cells were intermittently (5-minute fields on/10-minute fields off) exposed or sham-exposed to GSM 1800 MHz RF EMF, which was modulated by 217 Hz EMF, for 24 hours at an average specific absorption rate (SAR) of 2.0 W/kg or 3.5 W/kg. Immediately after RF EMF exposure or sham-exposure, total RNA was isolated from MCF-7 cells and then purified. Affymetrix Human Genome U133A Genechip was applied to examine the change of gene expression profile according to the manufacturer's instruction. Data was analyzed by Affymetrix Microarray Suite 5.0 (MAS 5.0) and Affymetrix Data Mining Tool 3.0 (DMT 3.0). Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to validate the differentially expressed genes identified by Genechip analysis.

RESULTSA small number of differential expression genes were found in each comparison after RF EMF exposure. Through reproducible and consistent analysis, no gene or five up-regulated genes were screened out after exposure to RF EMF at SAR of 2.0 W/kg or 3.5 W/kg, respectively. However, these five genes could not be further confirmed by RT-PCR.

CONCLUSIONThe present study did not provide clear evidence that RF EMF exposure might distinctly change the gene expression profile in MCF-7 cells under current experimental conditions, implying that the exposure might not affect the MCF-7 cell physiology, or this cell line might be less sensitive to the RF EMF exposure.

Cell Line, Tumor ; radiation effects ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Radiation Dosage ; Radio Waves ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of GSM 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) exposure on protein expression profile of human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), as to exploring the possible effects on normal cell physiological function.

METHODSMCF-7 cells were continuously or intermittently (5 minutes field on followed by 10 minutes off) exposed to RF EMF for different duration (1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, or 24 hours) at an average specific absorption rate (SAR) of 3.5 W/kg. The extracted proteins were separated by 2-dimensional electrophoresis and the protein-spot distribution of the silver-stained gels was analyzed by using PDQuest software 7.1. Each experiment was repeated three times.

RESULTSOn the average, around 1100 proteins were detected using pH 4 - 7 IPG strip. There were no differential proteins found under continuous exposure at SAR of 3.5 W/kg for 6 hours. Under other exposure conditions, we found various differentially expressed proteins in exposure groups as compared with the sham-exposed controls. Especially in 3 hours intermittent exposure and 12 hours continuous exposure, eighteen and seven differential proteins were detected, respectively. The categories and functions of these differentially expressed proteins were analyzed by searching of SWISS-PROT protein database, which suggested that these proteins should be related to the functions of biosynthesization, signal transduction, and DNA damage and repair.

CONCLUSIONSData indicated that the protein expression changes induced by RF radiation might depend on exposure duration and mode. Many biological processes might be affected by RF exposure.

Cell Line, Tumor ; radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Proteome ; Radio Waves

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of GSM 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) on DNA damage in Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells.

METHODSThe cells were intermittently exposed or sham-exposed to GSM 1800 MHz RF EMF (5 minutes on/10 minutes off) at a special absorption rate (SAR) of 3.0 W/kg for 1 hour or 24 hours. Meanwhile, cells exposed to 2-acetylaminofluorene, a DNA damage agent, at a final concentration of 20 mg/L for 2 hours were used as positive control. After exposure, cells were fixed by using 4% paraformaldehyde and processed for phosphorylated form of H2AX (gammaH2AX) immunofluorescence measurement. The primary antibody used for immunofluorescence was mouse monoclonal antibody against gammaH2AX and the secondary antibody was fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG. Nuclei were counterstained with 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). The gammaH2AX foci and nuclei were visualized with an Olympus AX70 fluorescent microscope. Image Pro-Plus software was used to count the gammaH2AX foci in each cell. For each exposure condition, at least 50 cells were selected to detect gammaH2AX foci. Cells were classified as positive when more than five foci were detected. The percentage of gammaH2AX foci positive cells was adopted as the index of DNA damage.

RESULTSThe percentage of gammaH2AX foci positive cell of 1800 MHz RF EMF exposure for 24 hours (37.9 +/- 8.6)% or 2-acetylaminofluorene exposure (50.9 +/- 9.4)% was significantly higher compared with the sham-exposure (28.0 +/- 8.4)%. However, there was no significant difference between the sham-exposure and RF EMF exposure for 1 hour (31.8 +/- 8.7)%.

CONCLUSION1800 MHz RF EMF (SAR, 3.0 W/kg) for 24 hours might induce DNA damage in CHL cells.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; radiation effects ; DNA Damage ; radiation effects ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Fibroblasts ; chemistry ; radiation effects ; Radio Waves

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of millimeter wave (MW) at low power density on gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in human keratinocytes (HaCaTs).

METHODSFluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) technique was employed to determine effect of 30.16 GHz MW exposure at 1.0 and 3.5 mW/cm(2) on GJIC with laser confocal scanning microscope.

RESULTSFRAP analysis revealed that 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) at a dose of 5 microg/L could inhibit GJIC in HaCaTs. Fluorescence recovery rate fell from (55 +/- 17)% in the controls to (34 +/- 13)% after photobleaching, with a very significant difference (P < 0.001). Exposure to MW alone for one hour at either 1.0 mW/cm(2) or 3.5 mW/cm(2) did not affect GJIC, with fluorescence recovery rates of (52 +/- 16)% and (50 +/- 17)%, respectively. GJIC suppression induced by TPA was weakened by MW combined with 5 microg/L TPA treatment for one hour, which could be partially recovered by exposure to 1.0 mW/cm(2) MW with fluorescence recovery rate of (47 +/- 16)%, P < 0.01, and fully recovered by exposure to 3.5 mW/cm(2) MW with fluorescence recovery rate of (50 +/- 16)%, P < 0.001, with a very significant difference.

CONCLUSIONSGJIC suppression induced by TPA could be eliminated or diminished by exposure to millimeter wave in HaCaTs.

Cell Communication ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Cell Line ; Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching ; methods ; Gap Junctions ; drug effects ; physiology ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; cytology ; physiology ; Microwaves ; adverse effects ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the characters of chronic rhinosinusitis in patients with irradiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

METHODSThere were 65 cases of chronic rhinosinusitis after irradiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC, experimental group) and 65 cases of common chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS, control group) in the study. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the intensity of subjective symptoms. Endoscopic finding was recorded and CT results were evaluated by Lund-Mackay scoring system.

RESULTSAs to the VAS, nasal secretion was significantly more severe in experimental group (7.86+/-1.62), compared with control group (5.12+/-1.32, t=10.541, P<0.01). As to endoscopic finding, middle nasal meatus were clean in 35 (53.8%) cases in experimental group, and 23 cases (35.4%) in control group (chi2=4.483, P<0.05). CT score was (7.03+/-4.63) in experiment group, and (11.42+/-3.32) in control group (t=-6.207, P<0.05). The main reason lays in lower CT score and lower involved rate of ostiomeatal complex, frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, anterior ethmoid sinus.

CONCLUSIONSThe characters of chronic rhinosinusitis in patients with irradiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma is quite different from the common CRS and different therapeutic measures should be taken.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Chronic Disease ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Radiotherapy ; adverse effects ; Sinusitis ; diagnosis ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and prognostic factors of transarterial interventional therapy (TAIT) in patient with liver metastasis from malignancy of the alimentary tract.

METHODS266 patients with unresectable liver metastases from malignancy of the alimentary tract received totally 754 sessions of transarterial interventional therapy. Cox regression was used in the proportional hazard analysis.

RESULTSThe overall response rate of TAIT was 45.4%, The median survival time (MS) was 14.3 months in this series. The 0.5-, 1-, 2-, 3-, 5-year cumulative survival rate (CSR) was 83.1%, 56.8%, 17.7%, 9.3% and 1.5% , respectively. No severe adverse reaction was observed except nausea, vomiting and mild fever as well as pain in the hepatic area. It was found that portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT), the blood supply of tumor, metastasis from esophageal carcinoma, the number of metastasis, multi-lobe involvement, resection nature of primary tumor were independent factors affecting survival.

CONCLUSIONTransarterial interventional therapy is effective for treatment of liver metastasis from malignancy of the alimentary tract. Portal vein tumor thrombosis, metastasis from esophageal carcinoma, multiple metastatic lesions, multi-lobe involvement are poor prognostic factors, while complete resection of the primary tumor and rich blood supply of metastatic lesion are good independent prognostic factors.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Infusions, Intra-Arterial ; Iodized Oil ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; Portal Vein ; pathology ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety of living related donors in short term after transplantation.

METHODSTwo hundred and fifty-one cases of living related donor kidney transplantation from May 2000 to July 2007 were analysed retrospectively. There were 117 male and 134 female aged from 22 to 72 years old, with a mean of 46.6 years old. The indexes were compared including serum creatinine (SCr), creatinine clearance (CCr), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and quality of life before and after donation. Surgical complications were followed-up.

RESULTSDonors' SCr was (75.9 +/- 17.2) micromol/L before donation, (107.4 +/- 21.2) micromol/L on 7 d after donation, (130.4 +/- 58.2) micromol/L at the 1(st) month and (116.1 +/- 24.1) micromol/L at the 3(rd) month. There were significant difference between any 2 time points (P < 0.01). CCr was (94.4 +/- 17.5) ml/min before donation and (63.5 +/- 17.8) ml/min on 10 d after donation (P < 0.01). In 62 donors, total GFR was (82.4 +/- 21.8) ml/min before donation. On 10 d after donation, GFR of remaining kidney was (57.4 +/- 14.1) ml/min which was 34.7% higher than GFR of this kidney before donation (42.6 +/- 11.8) ml/min. There was no significant difference in quality of life before living related donors and non-donor populations (P = 0.116). Surgical complications included splenic rupture in 1 case, descending colon rupture in 1 case and wound infection in 5 cases.

CONCLUSIONLiving donor kidney transplantation is safe for donors, although part of indexes would vary within normal range during the early time after donation.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Living Donors ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephrectomy ; adverse effects ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Safety ; Young Adult