OBJECTIVETo explore clinical effects of internal fixation in treating displaced clavicle fracture combined with coracoid process.

METHODSFrom January 2005 to July 2012, 9 patients with displaced clavicle fracture combined with coracoid process were treated by internal fixation. Among them, there were 6 males and 3 females with an average age of 40.1 (ranged from 20 to 57) years old. According to Eyres classification: 3 cases were type II B, 1 case was type II A, 3 cases were type III B, and 2 cases were type V A. All patients had history of injury, and diagnosed as coracoid fracture X-ray and CT before operation. Herscovici criteria was used to evaluate function of shoulders joint after operation.

RESULTSSeven of 9 patients were followed up from 6 to 18 (averaged 11) months. The incisions were healed at stage I, coracoid process obtained bony healing, and reduction of acromioclavicular joint well. According to Herscovici criteria, 6 patients got excellent results and 1 in good.

CONCLUSIONInternal fixation for the treatment of displaced clavicle fracture combined with coracoid process could restore physiological anatomical position of coracoid process, and benefit for recovery of limb function.

Adult ; Clavicle ; injuries ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Scapula ; injuries ; Shoulder Joint ; injuries

This article aimed to study the antigenicity of nucleocapsid proteins (NPs) in six pathogenic phleboviruses and to provide theoretical evidence for the development of serological diagnostic reagents. NPs of six pathogenic phleboviruses were expressed and purified using a prokaryotic expression system and rabbits were immunized with individual recombinant NPs. Cross-reactions among NPs and rabbit sera were determined by both indirect ELISA and Western blotting analyses, and the sera titer was determined by indirect ELISA. Furthermore, sera from SFTS patients were also detected by each recombinant NP as a coating antigen using indirect ELISA. The cross-reactions and the sera titer were subsequently determined. Both the concentration and purity of recombinant NPs of six pathogenic phleboviruses met the standards for immunization and detection. The results of indirect ELISA and Western blotting showed that each anti-phlebovirus NP rabbit immune serum had potential serological cross-reactivity with the other five virus NP antigens. Furthermore, the sera from SFTS patients also had cross-reactivity with the other five NP antigens to a certain extent. Our preliminary study evaluated the antigenicity and immune reactivity of six pathogenic phleboviruses NPs and laid the foundation for the development of diagnostic reagents.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Antigens, Viral ; genetics ; immunology ; Cross Reactions ; Humans ; Nucleocapsid Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Phlebotomus Fever ; diagnosis ; immunology ; virology ; Phlebovirus ; classification ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Rabbits

Endotoxemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; HMGB1 Protein ; Humans ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To improve the conventional method of quantitative assessment of regional cerebral blood flows(rCBF)by a perfusion CT study based on maximal slope model at the general infusion rate(

UNLABELLEDOBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy by Qingying Huoxue Decoction (QHD) combined ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in treating patients with early and mid-term primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). METHODS Totally 78 patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group, 39 in each group. All patients received basic treatment and took UDCA (at the daily dose of 13-15 mg/kg). Patients in the treatment group took QHD, one dose per day. The treatment course for all was 6 weeks. Clinical efficacy, gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GGT), alkaline phospatase (ALP), TBIL, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) were observed before and after treatment. RESULTS Totally 21 (53. 8%) patients obtained complete response in the treatment group, with statistical difference when compared with that of the control group (11 cases, 30. 8%). Levels of GGT, ALP, ALT, AST, and TBIL decreased in the two groups after treatment (P < 0.01). Levels of ALP, GGT, and TBIL were obviously lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSQHD combined UDCA in treating early and mid-term PBC patients was superior to the effect of using UDCA alone. It also could improve patients' liver function.

Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; metabolism ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary ; drug therapy ; Ursodeoxycholic Acid ; therapeutic use ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; metabolism

This article reviews that as a functionally and phenotypically distict immunoregulatory T cell subpopulation, CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells can suppress the activation and proliferation of CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells and CD8(+) T cells and the production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma. These regulatory cells play an important role in allograft tolerance, although the mechanisms are not completely understood to date. CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells can be isolated, activated and expanded in vitro without loss of their immunoregulatory function. The suppressive function of activated CD4(+)CD25(+) cells is antigen non-specific. Ex vivo activated and expanded regulatory T cells have a perspective for practical use.
CD4 Antigens ; blood ; CD8 Antigens ; blood ; Cell Division ; immunology ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; blood ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; immunology ; metabolism ; Transplantation Tolerance ; immunology

To evaluate the adjuvant effect of recombinant enterovirus 71 (EV71) subunit vaccine formulated with chitosan, rabbits were orally immunized with recombinant VP1 (rVP1) or rVP1 mixed with chitosan adjuvant. Levels of virus-specific IgG and IgA antibodies in sera, mucosal wash buffer (intestine, nasal cavity, and lung), and feces were determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The titers of neutralizing antibodies against EV71 were determined using cytopathic effect-based neutralizing assay, and levels of cytokines (IFN-gamma and IL-4) secreted from in vitro-cultured rabbit splenic lymphocytes under antigen stimulation were also determined by ELISA. Results showed that immunization with rVP1 alone could only induce low levels of serum IgG and mucosal IgA, while rVP1 combined with chitosan adjuvant were able to induce significantly higher levels of antibodies, rVP1 can only induce neutralizing antibodies when used in combination with chitosan. Levels of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in the group immunized with rVP1 plus chitosan were significantly higher than those in the group immunized with rVP1 only or those in the control groups. Our study lays the foundation for development of oral VP1 vaccine against EV71 infection.
Adjuvants, Immunologic ; administration & dosage ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Chitosan ; administration & dosage ; immunology ; Enterovirus A, Human ; genetics ; immunology ; Enterovirus Infections ; immunology ; prevention & control ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Subunit ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology ; Viral Proteins ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology ; Viral Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology

According to the reported sequence of Buthus martensii Karsch scorpion toxin gene (BmK IT3), we synthesized two primers, which were complementary in a region. By the means of PCR, we got the gene. The gene was fused in expression vector pET-28a, which gave rise to a recombinant plasmid pET(IT3R). Then it was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3). With IPTG induction, the gene was efficiently expressed. And the fusion product was soluble.
Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Isopropyl Thiogalactoside ; pharmacology ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Scorpion Venoms ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; genetics ; Scorpions ; chemistry ; genetics

Hairy root clones of Saussurea involucrata transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains R1601, R1000, and LBA9402 were established to investigate the flavonoid production. Opine synthesis and PCR analysis confirmed the integration of the T-DNA fragment of Ri plasmid from A. rhizogenes strain R1601 into the transformed root genome. The frequency of hairy root formation from root segments, which were pre-cultured 2 days in N6 solid medium without plant growth regulators, amounted to 100% following infection with R1601 strain of A. rhizogenes. The transformed roots were kept in hormone-free N6 liquid medium in the dark at 25 degrees C, 110r/min and routinely subcultured every 20 - 24 days. One hairy root clone, which grew vigorously with lateral branches, was periodically examined for the ability to produce flavonoid. The maximum of biomass and flavonoid yield achieved 66.7 g/L (fresh weight) and 102.3mg/g dry weight after incubation 20 days. The calli were induced from the hairy root culture in the presence of 0.5mg/L IBA and intact plantlets were regenerated from these calli. The regeneration plantlets from hairy roots, in which the flavonoid content were 53% in that of untransformed plants, weren't different in growth and morphology of the untransformed plantlets. Therefore plant regeneration from hairy roots may be also a means for producing transformed S. involucrata plants. Hairy root cultures of S. involucrata clearly showed higher flavonoid contents compared to the wild plant or the regeneration seedlings. As the wild S. involucrata grows only in special regions with peculiar climate, and cultivation of this species in a normal climate has been unsuccessful so far. The success in obtaining a method for high production of flavonoid might very well be one of the solutions for this problem in the future.
Culture Techniques ; Flavonoids ; biosynthesis ; Plant Roots ; growth & development ; Rhizobium ; physiology ; Saussurea ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo construct the plasmid containing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) of TGF-beta1 expression vector.

METHODSShort chain oligonucleotide was designed according to the TGF-beta1 mRNA sequence provided by Genebank, then DNA segment was gained through annealing after chemosynthesis, and then was cloned to pWH1 vector. The recombinant TGF-beta1 shRNA expression vector was evaluated by using enzyme cutting. At last, the constructed TGF-beta1 expression vector was transfected into salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma (Ms) cells by Lipofectomine TM 2000, and its effect on TGF-beta1 expression was observed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSSuccessful construction was identified by enzyme cutting and the constructed plasmid was called pWH1-TGF-beta1. The shRNA and it inhibited the TGF-beta1 mRNA and protein expression effectively.

CONCLUSIONThe constructed TGF-beta1 shRNA expression vector can block the TGF-beta1 expression in salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells.

Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Plasmids ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Transfection ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1