Hamartoma ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; Male ; Middle Aged

A series of pathophysiological changes in lymph circulation system occur after severe burns. We try to elucidate the importance through summarizing our experiments on some of the changes in lymph circulation based on rat and goat lymphatic fistula model since 1998. The lymphatic contraction frequency decreased while the lymph flow speed increased during burn shock stage. Contents of several key inflammatory factors, such as TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, and HMGB-1, were increased in lymph or lymph nodes, and they were higher than those in blood and liver. The protein concentration increased in lymph while decreased in plasma. The endotoxin was translocated to lymph earlier than to blood, therefore, the number of E. coli or the number of endotoxin translocated via lymph route were more than those via blood. The bacteria and endotoxin of pseudomonas aeruginosa could invade through local lymphatic route from infected burn wound. Th2 shift from Th1/Th2 occurred in lymph and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T lymph cells decreased in lymph nodes after burns, denoting local immunosuppression. The apoptosis of lymphocytes in lymph organ might contribute to this immunosuppression.
Animals ; Burns ; immunology ; metabolism ; microbiology ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endotoxins ; adverse effects ; Goats ; Inflammation Mediators ; immunology ; Lymphatic System ; metabolism ; Rats ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

Through scale-up cultivation of Eriobotrya japonica suspension cells using WAVE bioreactor, the cell growth and ursolic acid (UA) accumulation were studied. The comparison test was carried out in the flask and the reactor with cell dry weight (DW) and UA content as evaluation indexes. The culture medium, DW and UA content were compared in 1 L and 5 L working volumes of bioreactor. The orthogonal test with main actors of inoculation amount, speed and angle of rotation was developed to find the optimal combination, in 1 L working volume of bioreactor. DW of the cell growth and the UA content in bioreactor were higher than those of the shaker by 105.5% and 27.65% respectively. In bioreactor, the dynamic changes of elements in the fluid culture, the dry weight of the cell growth and the UA content in 1 L and 5 L working volumes were similar. Inoculation of 80 g, rotational speed of 26 r · min(-1), and angle of 6 ° was the optimal combination, and the cell biomass of 19.01 g · L(-1) and the UA content of 27.750 mg · g(-1) were achieved after 100 h cultivation in 1 L working volume of bioreactor. WAVE Bioreactor is more suitable than flasks for the E. japonica cell suspension culture, and culture parameters can be achieved from 1 L to 5 L amplification.
Biomass ; Bioreactors ; Cell Culture Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Eriobotrya ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Triterpenes ; analysis ; metabolism

The study of down-stream techniques of recombinant Aeromonas punctata proiyl endopeptidase (apPEP) was presented here. High cell-density fermentation of E. coli BL21/pKKH-PEP in NBS BioFlo 3000 5L fermentor was achieved, the final cell density was 22.5g (DCW)/L after 14h cultivation, the yield of apPEP expressed in soluble protein was 3.0g per litter broth. After sonication, the supernatant of free cell extract was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, High performance Q sepharose FF, Phenyl sepharose 6 FF, the purity of apPEP reached 96 %, enzyme specific activity was 65.5u/mg, apPEP yield reached 0.86g/L broth. Total recovery of enzyme protein was 8.2 % , actviity recovery was 24.4 %. The molecular weight of apPEP was 76464±30Da measured by MS, N terminus amino acids sequence consistent with that deduced from DNA sequence, pI 6.0, which was similar with PEP from Aeromonas hydrophila.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 (PGC1) family is highly expressed in tissues with high energy metabolism. They coactivate transcription factors in regulating genes engaged in processes such as gluconeogenesis, adipose beta-oxydation, lipoprotein synthesis and secretion, mitochondrial biogenesis, and oxidative metabolism. Protein conformation studies demonstrated that they lack DNA binding domains and act as coactivators through physical interaction with transcription factors. PGC1 activity is regulated at transcription level or by multiple covalent chemical modifications such as phosphorylation, methylation and acetylation/deacetylation. Abnormal expression of PGC1 coactivators usually is closely correlated with diseases such as diabetes, obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, and arterial and brain neuron necrosis diseases.
Animals ; Energy Metabolism ; physiology ; Humans ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the pathogenesis, management and prognosis of severe burn patients with sepsis during shock stage.

METHODSFourty-four patients inflicted with over 60% TBSA burn injury and admitted to our hospital within 48 hours after injury during the past 8 years were enrolled in the study. The application of antibiotics in this group of patients was analyzed. The incidence of burn sepsis during shock stage in this group was calculated according to the results of the bacterial culture of the blood samples and burn wound samples,as well as the diagnostic criteria of sepsis. The relationship between sepsis during shock stage and the possibility of enteral bacterial translocation was discussed. Other postburn complications in patients with burn sepsis during shock stage were also observed and their prognosis was explored.

RESULTSThis group of patients were all treated with 3rd and 4th generation of Cephalosporins and Imipenem/Cilastatin sodium after hospitalization. Burn sepsis during shock stage occurred in 4 cases (9.09%), in which one was caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other three possibly by Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faecalis and Bacillus gasoformans. Among the 4 cases, severe disorder in water and electrolytes happened in 1 case, stress ulcer in 2 and acute renal failure in 2. As a result, only one out of the 4 patients survived.

CONCLUSIONBacterial translocation was probable cause of sepsis during shock stage. Shock might predispose sepsis. Early postburn applications of antibiotics sensitive to enteric bacteria could be beneficial to the management of burn sepsis during shock stage.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Burns ; complications ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Intestines ; microbiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sepsis ; prevention & control ; Shock ; complications

It is proposed that gut-liver-lung axis plays an important role in the pathophysiologic development of the critical illness, and it induces excessive inflammatory response in vivo and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The mechanisms of therapeutic effects of rhubarb on critical patients are studied based on the theory of Chinese traditional medicine. Researches demonstrate that rhubarb can be used to protect gut barrier, maintain intestinal micro-ecological environment and prevent bacterial translocation. It also can be used to inhibit the release of inflammatory mediators by liver inflammatory-effector cells, reduce inflammatory reaction in the liver and protect hepatic cell functions. Furthermore, rhubarb can be used to reduce pulmonary vascular permeability and extenuate pulmonary edema, inhibit the release of neutrophil myeloperoxidase, and lower the level of inflammatory response and decrease inflammatory mediators in circulation. The above results indicate that rhubarb may interrupt or partly interrupt the gut-liver-lung axis after trauma and reduce the intensity of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Therefore, rhubarb may obviously lower the incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and be used to prevent and treat systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after trauma.
Capillary Permeability ; drug effects ; Humans ; Intestines ; microbiology ; Liver ; immunology ; Multiple Organ Failure ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy ; Rheum ; Sepsis ; drug therapy ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ; drug therapy

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at cranial sutures plus rehabilitation training in treating post-stroke spastic palsy.Method Sixty patients with post-stroke spastic palsy were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 30 cases each. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture at cranial sutures plus rehabilitation training, while the control group was intervened by rehabilitation training alone. The Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment, and activities of daily living (ADL) in the Modified Barthel Index (MBI) were observed before and after the treatment for the two groups.Result After the intervention, there was a significant difference in MAS score between the two groups (P<0.05). The FMA and ADL scores were changed significantly after the treatment in both groups (P<0.05). The FMA and ADL scores in the treatment group were significantly different from those in the control group after the treatment (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture at cranial sutures plus rehabilitation is an effective approach in treating post-stroke spastic palsy.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Seasons ; Vaccination ; Viral Vaccines ; immunology ; Weather

OBJECTIVETo elucidate the curative and adverse effect of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in 2 patients with isolated-growth hormone deficiency type IA (IGHDIA), to track sexual development and pregnancy, and reassess the quality of life in the adulthood.

METHODThe authors summarized the data of 2-sister cases with IGHDIA; followed up for assessment of height, weight, blood pressure and sexual development; detected fasting blood lipids, glucose, insulin, insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3); made an investigation of education and occupation, and so on.

RESULTAfter 6.2 and 7.3 years treatment with rhGH, the two sisters had considerably improved height from -7.8 SDS, -8.8 SDS to -2.6 SDS and -1.3 SDS respectively. No evident side effect was observed. They had normal sexual development and pregnancy. The levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were still low, in the elder sister they were 46.6 µg/L, 2460 µg/L, and in the younger 52.4 µg/L, 2430 µg/L. No hyperlipidemia, diabetes or obesity occurred.

CONCLUSIONLong term therapy with rhGH may improve final adult height of individuals with IGHDIA. They can have normal sexual development and pregnancy. Metabolic syndrome did not occur during the follow-up period.

Child ; Dwarfism, Pituitary ; classification ; therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Human Growth Hormone ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Siblings