Child ; Humans ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; urine ; Proteinuria ; urine ; Severity of Illness Index

AIMTo study the bioactive components from Schisandra propinqua (Wall.) Baill var. intermidia A. C. Smith.

METHODSCompounds were separated with a combination of multichromatography. Their chemical structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis and chemical evidence.

RESULTSSeven compounds were isolated from the leaves of Helicia nilagirica. The structures were elucidated as 6'-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosylthalictoside (1), 6'-O-beta-D-apiofuranosylthalictoside (2), thalictoside (3), icariside D2 (4), prinsepiol (5), (+)-1-hydroxypinoresinol (6) and (+)-medioresinol (7).

CONCLUSIONTwo compounds are new nitro phenolic glycosides.

Disaccharides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Nitro Compounds ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Schisandra ; chemistry

AIMTo study the bioactive components from Helicia nilagirica.

METHODSCompounds were separated with a combination of multi-chromatography. Their chemical structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis and chemical evidence.

RESULTSTwo compounds were isolated from the leaves of Helicia nilagirica. Compound 1 was elucidated as 1-O-3-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3S,4R,8Z)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hyd roxylignocenoyl-amino]-8-octadecene-1, 3, 4-triol. Compound 2 was an analogue of 1.

CONCLUSIONThe two compounds are new cerebrosides.

Cerebrosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosylceramides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Proteaceae ; chemistry

A bacterial strain which could grow well on the substrate of PAEs as the sole source of carbon and energy was isolated from contaminated sludge in the river of WeiFang in ShangDong province and it was designated as JDC-3. Based on the morphology,biophysical and biochemical properties as well as molecular characteristics,this isolate was preliminarily identified as Delftia sp.. A fragment of phthalate dioxygenase gene was successfully amplified from the genus of Delftia for the first time using a set of degenerate primers. Meanwhile,the degradation capability of JDC-3 was determined by HPLC using DMP as test substrate. The results showed that the optimal pH and temperature were at 7.0～8.0 and 30?C～35?C respectively. The degradation kinetics of JDC-3 was studied in different initial DMP concentration under optimal conditions. The results indicated that the degradation dynamic equation was ln C =-0.06837 t + A when DMP concentration was lower than 300 mg/L,with half life of 12.48 h. The degradation rate decreased and half life of JDC-3 prolonged as the initial concentration kept on increasing.

With human chromosomes,as antigen,anti—human—chromosome antibodies (AhChrA)were detected specifically from SLE patients sera by the methods of immunogold—silver staining(IGSS)and immnuofluorescenee tese (IFT)。To SLE,the sensitivity and specificity of serumAhChrA was 58.1%and98.5%respeetively in IGSS,34.9%and99.5%respectively in IFT。Boththe incidence and titer of AhChrA were found to be colsely related to the pathoactivity and thedamages of some important organs or tissues,such as kidney damage,abnormal immunity andhematocytopenia.A preliminary analysis of the antigen components reacting to AhChrA was alsoperformed。

The specific inhibition of angiotensin II action at AT(1) receptors by losartan has been shown to decrease peripheral insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients and animal models. We examined the effect of losartan on the expression of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), protein kinase B (PKB) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), as well as the phosphorylation status of IRS-1 and the association between IRS-1 and phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase in skeletal muscle from fat-fed and-streptozotocin (STZ)-treated rats, an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, the effects of losartan on GLUT4 translocation in muscle cells and on insulin sensitivity were also evaluated. Muscle tissues were isolated from male losartan-treated and untreated normal or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) rats with a dose of 4 mg/kg per day for 6 weeks. Oral administration of losartan improved insulin sensitivity, which was determined by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In skeletal muscles, the protein levels of IRS-1, PKB and GLUT4 in NIDDM rats were not significantly different from those of the control rats, and they were not affected by losartan. The levels of IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation, PI 3-kinase activity associated with IRS-1 and PKB activation after stimulation with insulin in muscle tissue of NIDDM rats were significantly decreased (P<0.01) compared with those in the control rats, while they were not increased by losartan. Losartan had a major effect on GLUT4 translocation in myocytes, as it significantly increased (P<0.05) the insulin-induced amounts of GLUT4 in plasma membrane (PM) and T-tubules (TT) in myocytes from NIDDM rats. Consistent with these results, the plasma glucose level in losartan-treated NIDDM rats was decreased (P<0.05) compared with that in untreated NIDDM rats. Our results suggest that losartan may exert beneficial effects on insulin resistance by increasing the translocation of GLUT4 in muscle tissue, which is probably associated with a non-PI 3-kinase-dependent mechanism.
Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; blood ; drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Glucose Transporter Type 4 ; Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins ; Insulin Resistance ; Losartan ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Muscle Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; Phosphoproteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Adolescent ; Humans ; Male ; Pulmonary Embolism ; etiology ; Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial ; complications ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo determine the role and related mechanisms of heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide (HO-1/CO) on VSMCs proliferation induced by insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I).

METHODSVSMCs isolated from rabbit aorta were cultured in vitro and proliferation was induced by IGF-I. Hemin (a substrate and inducer of HO-1) or zinc protoporphyrin-IX (Znpp-IX, an inhibitor of HO-1) was added to stimulate or inhibit the expression of HO-1. The mRNA and protein expressions of HO-1 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. CO released into the culture media was quantitated by measuring carbon monoxide hemoglobin (COHb), VSMCs proliferation and cell cycle were determined by (3)H-TdR incorporation assay and flow cytometry, respectively.

RESULTSThe HO-1 mRNA and protein expressions in VSMCs and the amount of COHb in the culture media were significantly increased and the IGF-I-induced (3)H-TdR incorporations of VSMCs significantly reduced by hemin in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.01). Furthermore, VSMCs in the G(0)/G(1) phase were increased and in the S and G(2)/M phase decreased by hemin (P < 0.01). Opposite results were observed in VSMCs treated with Znpp-IX.

CONCLUSIONSEndogenous HO-1 and CO are important mediators for inhibiting IGF-I induced VSMCs proliferation by reducing VSMCs DNA synthesis and decelerating cell cycle progression.

Animals ; Carbon Monoxide ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; metabolism ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; pharmacology ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical distribution characteristics and vicissitude of antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii (AB), and to look for the risk factors of AB infection in order to provide reasonable reference for the prevention and treatment of its infection.

METHODSSpecimens of blood, venous catheters, sputum, wound exudates and pharyngeal swabs from 156 patients hospitalized in our burn ICU from January 2006 to December 2008 were collected and cultured. The clinical distribution and antibiotic resistance of AB were determined and analyzed. The risk factors related to AB infection were analyzed. Drug resistance rate data were processed with WHONET 5.3 software; the other data were processed with chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSNinety-two strains of AB were identified during the three years from different kinds of specimens, with 41 (44.6%) from wound exudates, 14 (15.2%) from pharyngeal swabs and sputum respectively, 13 (14.1%) from blood, and 10 (10.9%) from venous catheters. AB accounted for 23.1% (30/130), 27.5% (25/91), 28.2% (37/131) respectively among the strains detected in 2006, 2007, and 2008. During the three years, except for imipenem and cefoperazone/sulbactam, the average resistance rates of AB to other ten commonly used antibiotics were all above 50.0%. Burn area (χ(2) = 24.374, P = 0.000), mechanical ventilation (χ(2) = 8.968, P = 0.003), duration of use of antibiotics (χ(2) = 3.981, P = 0.046), and deep venous catheterization (χ(2) = 9.170, P = 0.002) were the risk factors of AB infection, and the former two were independent risk factors.

CONCLUSIONSThere is a pan-drug resistance tendency of AB in our burn ICU, and the positive culture rates are increasing in recent years. Disinfection and isolation measures, appropriate use of antibiotics, avoidance of invasive performances such as deep venous catheterization and tracheostomy, or shortening their duration are important means to prevent and control infection of AB.

Acinetobacter Infections ; epidemiology ; Acinetobacter baumannii ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Adult ; Burns ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross Infection ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate a retro-grade auricular flap for repairing large alar defects.

METHODSTwenty-nine adult cadavers were anatomically used for vascular investigation of the frontal, nasal and temporal regions by injecting a dye into the main vessels. Based on the anatomical study in these regions, a retro-grade auricular flap was designed for repairing alar defects in 16 patients.

RESULTSThe blood supply of the auricle could be nourished by the inner carotid artery system from the supratrachlear artery and supraorbital artery through the frontal arterial anastomotical network into the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery. It is then passing the main trunk of the superficial temporal artery into the ear area through the auricular branches of the superficial temporal artery. The retro-grade auricular island flap could be formed by basing the supratrachlear artery and the supraorbital artery through the vascular network between the superficial temporal artery and the supratrachlear artery or the supraorbital artery. Sixteen patients with large alar defects and half-sized nasal defects were successfully repaired by this technique.

CONCLUSIONSThe retro-grade auricular island flap, based on the inner carotid artery system, could be a good and safe flap for repairing a large alar defect or half-sized nasal reconstruction.

Adult ; Arteries ; Cadaver ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Ear Auricle ; blood supply ; Humans ; Nose Deformities, Acquired ; surgery ; Ophthalmic Artery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; transplantation ; Temporal Arteries