Objective To compare the ECGs recorded from 2 different reference points on guinea pig body surface. Method ECGs were recorded synchronously from each of 18 testing points distributed in 3 intercostal planes cross the body surface of 30 full-grown guinea pigs, using the central terminal and the right forehead as 2 reference points, respectively. Comparison was made between the 2 groups of ECG R(r) wave amplitude from each of 18 points. Results R(r) wave amplitude with the right forehead as the reference point was significantly larger than that with the central terminal as the reference point (P<0.05). Conclusion The reference point for ECG recording on the right forehead is superior to that on the central terminal.

Objective To compare the ECGs recorded from 2 different reference points on guinea pig body surface. Method ECGs were recorded synchronously from each of 18 testing points distributed in 3 intercostal planes cross the body surface of 30 full-grown guinea pigs, using the central terminal and the right forehead as 2 reference points, respectively. Comparison was made between the 2 groups of ECG R(r) wave amplitude from each of 18 points. Results R(r) wave amplitude with the right forehead as the reference point was significantly larger than that with the central terminal as the reference point (P<0.05). Conclusion The reference point for ECG recording on the right forehead is superior to that on the central terminal.

Objective To explore the correlation of city school-aged children′s intelligence quotients(IQ) with family factors.Methods Picking up 180 healthy children which aged 10-14 and their parents.Children′s IQ were tested with Wechsler intelligence Scale for Children- Revised(WISC-R).Their parents were investigated by using the questionnaire designed by ourselves about some factors of family which includes Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ), Home Education Index Measuring Scale (HEIMS),and so on. We analyzed the associations between children′s IQ and family factors with the applicable data about 114 only child. Results Multiple stepwise regression analyses show that some factors have significant effects on IQ of children(P

Objective To choose proper proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(~1XH-MRS) parameters to fit for practical femoral marrow cavity and to produce short-timed,well-repeated and excellent ~1H-MRS images.Methods The tentative study of ~1H-MRS on the normal femoral bone marrow in 26 volunteers was performed with a 1.5 T MR after the informed consent.The single-voxel spectroscopy and stimulated echo acquisition mode were used for ~1H-MRS collection.~1H-MRS parameters for 12 volunteers were 128 acquisitions,1 cm?1 cm?1 cm volume of interest(VOI)size and repeatedly 2—3 times within the same location.~1H-MRS parameters for another:14 volunteers were different numbers of acquisition (128 and 256 times,respectively)and different VOI sizes(2 cm?2 cm?2 cm and 1 cm?1 cm?1 cm, respectively).Results For ~1H-MRS with 1 cm?1 cm?1 cm size of VOI and 128 times of acquisition with the full width haft max of water≤8—12 Hz,the base-line was steady and the signal-noise ratio was high up to 11.31.~1H-MRS was different in the different femoral locations showing the maximum peak sites at near 0.90 ppm(?10~(-6))or 1.65 ppm,but~1H-MRS within the same location was always same or similar with different VOI sizes(1 cm?1 cm?1 cm or 2 cm?2 cm?2 cm)or different numbers of acquisition(128 or 256 times).~1H-MRS acquisition time was not related with the size of VOI but with the numbers of acquisition.128 and 256 times of acquisition cost 199 s and 391 s,respectively.Conclusion With the technique of small size of VOI(1 cm?1 cm?1 cm)and decreased numbers of acquisition(128 times),it is propable to get well-repeated and excellent ~1H-MRS within less time.It is also more practical for clinics to achieve ~1H-MRS of the femoral marrow with the proper technique.

Objective To evaluate the effect of health education in controlling the iodine deficiency diserders(IDD) in order to provide reference data for the further prevention and control. Methods Each village of 3 towns in Congjiang County was selected in 2007, where the health education lasting for 10 months had been implemented in the school students of 3-6 grade and the villagers. The school students of 3-6 grade and 30 housewives in the villagers were investigated for their IDD control knowledge, the salt consuming conditions as well as the sales of both rough and fine salt at a salt retail site in each village before and after the health education was implemented. Results The awareness rate of the knowledge of IDD control in the students and housewives was 91.4% (581/636) and 78.3% (282/360), respectively after intervention, which significantly increased (χ2= 532.044, 326.117, both P < 0.01) compared with the rate of 28.2% (184/652) and 11.4% (41/360) before intervention. The proportion of consuming fine salt was 91.8%(146/159) and 95.6%(86/90), significantly inereased(χ2= 236.623, 135.350, both P < 0.01) compared with 6.1%(10/163) and 7.8% (7/90) found before intervention. The selling proportion of fine salt at the salt retail site in the village was 60.0%(900/1500), significantly increased(χ2= 824.176, P < 0.01) compared with 10.0%(150/1500) before intervention. Conclusions Health education and promotion is solid foundation for effectively controlling IDD, through which the students and villagers are actively and voluntarily involved in the program and hence have formed good living and hygiene habits, thus expected effect has been obtained.

Objective To evaluate the application of non-bioartificial liver support system (ALSS) combined with liver transplantation(LT) in treating mid-or end-stage chronic severe hepati- tis.Methods ALSS plus liver transplantation were employed in treating 28 patients with mid-or end- stage chronic severe hepatitis.Clinical data from the patients before and after treatment were collect- ed.The survive rate of ALSS plus LT group were compared with that of medication group 99 cases and medication plus ALSS group 30 cases.The data were analyzed with t test and X~2 test.Results After 57 times ALSS treatment,the serum total bilirubin(TBil),prothromin time(PT),bile acid, blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatnine(Cr) and ammonia of all the 28 patients got improved(P 0.05).The clinical symptoms and signs of the patients were ameliorated at median 3 d(1～153 d). All patients were bridged to liver transplantation successfully after median 20 d(1～153 d).The 3 and 6 months post-operation survival rate of ALSS plus LT group(71.4%,71.4%) were significantly higher than those in medication group(18.2%,11.1%) and medication plus ALSS group(36.7%, 26.6%)(P

12 strains of H2-producing bacteria were isolated and purified from anaerobic sludge, aerobic sludge and river bottom sludge by Hungate method. A new species of high efficient hydrogen production bacterium Enterococcus sp. LG1 (registration number: EU258743 ) was studied deeply. It was showed that the Enterococcus sp. LG1 was an anaerobic and Gram-negative bacterium. Sequence analysis of this type of clones showed that it was affiliated with the genus Enterococcus and it was not reported yet in other paper at present. Meanwhile, batch tests of anaerobic fermentative hydrogen production by Enterococcus sp. LG1 were investigated by using sterilization pretreated sludge as substrate. The changes of soluble COD, protein, carbohydrate and pH value during hydrogen fermentation were monitored. It was found that only hydrogen and carbon dioxide were produced by this strain and no methane was detected during fermentation. The maximal hydrogen yield was 36.48 mL/g TCOD and the hydrogen concentration in the gas phase was 73.5%. The Enterococcus sp. LG1 was a butyrate fermentation bacteria analyzed by metabolites.

Objective To evaluate whether ursolic acid can inhibit breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)-mediated transport of rosuvastatinin vivo andinvitro. Methods Firstly, we explored the pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, a substrate of BCRP) in rats in the presence or absence of ursolic acid. Secondly, we studied the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin in rats in the presence or absence of ursolic acid or Ko143 (inhibitor of BCRP). Finially, the concentration-dependent transport of rosuvastatin and the inhibitory effects of ursolic acid and Ko143 were examined in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK)Ⅱ-BCRP421CC (wild type) cells and MDCKⅡ-BCRP421AA (mutant type) cells. Results As a result, significant changes in pharmacokinetics parameters of 5-FU were observed in rats following pretreatment with ursolic acid. Both ursolic acid and Ko143 could significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin. The rosuvastatin transport in the BCRP overexpressing system was increased in a concentration-dependent manner. However, there was no statistical difference in BCRP-mediated transport of rosuvastatin betweent the wild type cells and mutant cells. The same as Ko143, ursolic acid inhibited BCRP-mediated transport of rosuvastatinin vitro. Conclusion Ursolic acid appears to be a potent modulator of BCRP that affects the pharmacokinetic of rosuvastatinin vivo and inhibits the transport of rosuvastatinin vitro.

OBJECTIVETo compare the value of head-chest lead electrocardiogram (HCECG) and routine lead electrocardiogram (RLECG) in diagnosis of acute positive posterior myocardial infarction.

METHODSHCECGs and RLECGs were recorded simultaneously in 68 normal individuals and 32 patients with acute posterior wall myocardial infarction confirmed by coronary angiography and echocardiography. Each HCECG and RLECG was analyzed by two senior physicians specialized in clinical electrophysiology who were blinded to the results. The HCECG- and RLECG-based diagnostic results were compared with the results of coronary angiography, and the coincidence rates and false positive rates of diagnosis based on HCECGs and RLECGs were calculated.

RESULTSThe coincidence rate was 93.8% (30/32) for RLECGs and 100% (32/32) for HCECGs in the diagnosis of acute posterior wall myocardial infarction, showing no significant difference between them (P>0.05). RLECGs-based diagnosis, however, resulted in a significantly higher false positive rate than HCECGs [13.2% (9/68) vs 0% (0/68), P<0.05].

CONCLUSIONHead-chest lead system is superior to routine lead system for its low false positive rates in the diagnosis of acute posterior wall myocardial infarction.

Adult ; Coronary Angiography ; Electrocardiography ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Myocardium ; pathology

BACKGROUNDCurrently anti-inflammatory therapy with steroids for allergic rhinitis need long-term repeated administration, although it is effective. Gene therapy is being suggested to substitute it. The aim of this study was to investigate nonviral vector mediated exogenous gene expression in COS-7 cells in vitro and the effect of intranasal mouse interleukin (mIL)-12 transgene expression on allergen induced eosinophil infiltration of nasal mucosa in a murine model of allergic rhinitis.

METHODSIn vitro COS-7 cells were infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)/lipoplex. The expression of IL-12 p70 in cell culture supernatant was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In mice with ovalbumin (OVA) induced allergic rhinitis, EBV/lipoplex was administered by nasal drops before OVA challenge once a day from day 1 to day 10. The expression of IL-12 mRNA and protein, the change of eosinophil count in nasal mucosa and serum total IgE were measured 24 hours after the last challenge.

RESULTSEBV/lipoplex could effectively transfect COS-7 cells. The expression of IL-12 p70 in cell culture supernatant was significantly more than in blank control. IL-12 via EBV plasmid vector transduction could be overexpressed in vivo. In pGEG.mIL-12 treated models, the nasal mucosa revealed a high level of widespread mIL-12 transduction by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Histological evaluation revealed marked suppression of eosinophil infiltration in nasal mucosa. The eosinophil count in allergic rhinitis group [(26.5 +/- 9.8)/high-power field (HPF)] was significantly increased over control group [(0.40 +/- 0.52)/HPF] (F = 56.94, P < 0.01), while the count in IL-12 gene therapy group [(4.60 +/- 2.63)/HPF] was significantly less than that of allergic group (F = 56.9, P < 0.01). Serum total IgE between in gene therapy mice [(88.83 +/- 6.71) ng/ml] and allergic rhinitis mice [(103.1 +/- 5.7) ng/ml] showed a significant difference (F = 1216, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSNonviral EBV plasmid vector, pGEG.mIL-12 was able to overexpress exogenous gene both in vitro and in murine nasal mucosa in vivo. IL-12 overexpression via EBV/lipoplex could stem allergen induced eosinophil infiltration in nasal mucosa in murine models of allergic rhinitis, which may suggest a new cytokine immunogenetic therapy for allergic rhinitis.

Administration, Intranasal ; Animals ; COS Cells ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Eosinophilia ; therapy ; Genetic Therapy ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; genetics ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Interleukin-12 ; genetics ; Lipids ; administration & dosage ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nasal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; therapy ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal ; therapy