OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to observed the influence of deposition time on chromatics during nitrogen-doped diamond like carbon coating (N-DLC) on pure titanium by multi impulse are plasma plating machine.

METHODSApplying multi impulse are plasma plating machine to produce TiN coatings on pure titanium in nitrogen atmosphere, then filming with nitrogen-doped DLC on TiN in methane (10-80 min in every 5 min). The colors of N-DLC were evaluated in the CIE1976 L*a*b* uniform color scale and Mussell notation. The surface morphology of every specimen was analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

RESULTSWhen changing the time of N-DLC coating deposition, N-DLC surface showed different color. Golden yellow was presented when deposition time was 30 min. SEM showed that crystallization was found in N-DLC coatings, the structure changed from stable to clutter by varying the deposition time.

CONCLUSIONThe chromatics of N-DLC coatings on pure titanium could get golden yellow when deposition time was 30 min, then the crystallized structure was stable.

Carbon ; Diamond ; Nitrogen ; Titanium

Fourteen psychrotrophic bacteria were isolated from swamp soil collected in Ruoergai plateau wetland,and their generation time and degrading ability of livestock wastewater CODcr was determined.The results showed that the generation time was within 4.9 h to 11.6 h.Based on the generation time,9 psychro-trophic strains(NLJ1,NLJ6,NLJ7,NLJ9,NLJ10,NLJ11,NLJ12,NLJ13 and NLJ14),whose generation time was within 4.9 h to 5.6 h,were chosen to treat livestock wastewater.The results suggested that these 9 strains had different CODcr disposal ability when treating livestock wastewater singly at 6?C for 6 h,and strains NLJ6,NLJ7,NLJ9,NLJ10,NLJ11 and NLJ13 had good ability to degrade livestock wastewater,the CODcr degrading rate was about 60%~70%,hence,they were used as high efficient strains;However,the CODcr degrading rate of the other strains was less than 50%.After inoculating mixture culture of these six strains into the distilled livestock wastewater,after 6 h's treating,the CODcr degrading rate reached to 85.42%.Furthermore,activated sludge collected from Yaan,Dujiangyan and Chengdu were inoculated by the mixture culture of those six strains,and used to treat livestock wastewater for 6 h.The results showed that the average CODcr degrading rate was 81.67%,76.32% and 70.56%,respectively;Variance analysis showed that there was no significant differentiation between each treatment,which revealed that those six psychrotrophic strains had good adaptability to different source of activated sludge.

Child, Preschool ; Chondromatosis, Synovial ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Tibial Fractures ; diagnosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Acetaldehyde ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Anthracenes ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Collagen ; biosynthesis ; Collagen Type I ; biosynthesis ; Collagen Type III ; biosynthesis ; Flow Cytometry ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship among a 50-Hz MF-induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) clustering, acid sphingomyelinase (A-SMase) and ceramide (CER), and to explore the possible mechanism of receptor clustering.

METHODSHuman amnion (FL) cells were exposed to a 50-Hz sinusoidal magnetic field at 0.4 mT for 15 min with or without imipramine, a specific inhibitor of A-SMase and ceramide pretreatment. EGF treatment served as the positive control and DMSO treatment served as the solvent control. The EGFR was labeled with polyclonal anti-EGFR antibody and the clustering of EGFR was analyzed using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. The percentage of cells with EGFR clustering was counted and compared.

RESULTSBoth EGF treatment and 50-Hz MF exposure could induce EGFR clustering. However, the effect could be eliminated by imipramine pretreatment for 4 hours. When FL cells were incubated with ceramide following the imipramine pretreatment for 30 min, EGFR clustering induced by 50-Hz MF exposure could be recovered.

CONCLUSIONEGFR clustering induced by 50-Hz MF depends on A-SMase activity, and ceramide, as the hydrolyzate from A-SMase might participate in the process of EGFR clustering.

Amnion ; cytology ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Ceramides ; metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Magnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase ; metabolism ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo study the influence of percutaneous microwave ablation (PMA) and surgical resection for patients with small primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) on dissemination of tumor cells in peripheral blood determined by AFP mRNA.

METHODSForty patients with small PHC (The maximal diameter < or = 5 cm) confirmed histologically were included in this study. All the patients had single tumor nodule only without metastasis. Of the 40 patients, 19 were treated by PMA and 21 by surgical resection. Blood samples were collected and tested immediately before treatment, 30 min after the mass ablated/resected, 1 d and 7 d later by RTD-Nested-RT-PCR for AFP mRNA. The CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD4/CD8 in blood, and hepatic function were tested at the same time points as well.

RESULTSAfter treatment, ALT and AST in peripheral blood increased in both groups, but more intensely in the surgical group. The CD3, CD4 and CD4/CD8 in peripheral blood decreased at 30 min, 1 day and 7 days after surgical resection, and the lowest value was at 30 min after surgery. The immune function was kept at the same level as pre-treatment in the PMA group. AFP mRNA copies in blood could be detected in 27 of 40 patients (67.5%) in two groups before treatment, and the copy number was increased after treatment. There was no significant difference between the two groups. The patients were followed up for 1 - 16 months. AFP mRNA copies in blood could be detected persistently in the 4 patients with extrahepatic metastasis or liver recurrence.

CONCLUSIONSurgical resection and microwave ablation may cause PHC cells dissemination into the blood circulation in patients with small PHC, and there was no difference between the two treatment groups. The cellular immune function in peripheral blood is decreased after surgical resection, but is maintained at the same level as pre-treatment in the PMA group. The impairment of liver function is less severe after PMA treatment than surgical resection. PMA may provide certain value for clinical management of small hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; CD3 Complex ; blood ; CD4 Antigens ; blood ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; CD8 Antigens ; blood ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; blood ; surgery ; therapy ; Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood ; surgery ; therapy ; Male ; Microwaves ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Abdomen ; Hernia ; Humans ; Prostheses and Implants ; Prosthesis Implantation ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate clinical significance of monitoring noninvasive intracranial pressure (NICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in treatment of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods This clinical randomized controlled trial enrolled 120 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage who had sought medical treatment in our department from June 2008 through May 2010. They were randomized equally into a monitoring group where NICP and CPP were continuously monitored before and after operation and a non-monitoring group where no monitoring of NICP and CPP was performed. Results In the monitoring group,increased NICP and decreased CPP were shown in 50 patients and only 10 patients were shown with normal NICP (＜26.6mmHg) and CPP (＞ 124.3 mm Hg). The abnormal NICP and CPP continuously monitored were treated with specific interventions like further operation or medication. In the non-monitoring group,patients received only conventional treatments.According to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), 31 patients (51.7％) had good recovery,20 (33.3％) were moderately disabled,5 (8.3％) severely disabled and 4 (6.7％) dead in the monitoring group while 23 (38.3％) patients had good recovery,18 (30.0％)were moderately disabled,10 (16.7％) severely disabled and 9 (15.0％) dead in the non-monitoring group.The outcomes of the monitoring group were significantly better than those of the non-monitoring group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Continuous monitoring of NICP and CPP before and after operation should be performed in the treatment of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage because it is helpful for clinical medication and reducing complications and mortality as well.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects of different doses of microwave on the proliferative activity and cell cycle of cultured epithelial cells of rabbit lens, and to investigate the limit tolerant of microwave exposure.

METHODSCultured epithelial cells of rabbit lens were exposed to microwave radiation with frequency of 2,450 MHz and power density of 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00 mW/cm(2) for 8 h in vitro. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of lens epithelial cells, the proliferative activity and cell cycle were measured by MTT assay and PI fluorescent staining.

RESULTS8 h after radiation, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 mW/cm(2) microwave could decrease the proliferation of lens epithelial cells, make the cells disordered arrangement, shrinkage, detachment, and inhibit the synthesis of cell DNA. The percentage of G(0)/G(1) phase cells were 71.95% +/- 2.12%, 75.68% +/- 3.35% and 82.40% +/- 8.68% respectively, which were higher than that in control group (61.68% +/- 5.76%, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The percentage of S phase cells were 19.32% +/- 3.07%, 16.08% +/- 4.91% and 12.98% +/- 8.08% respectively, which were lower than that in control group (28.05% +/- 5.12%, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). No obvious changes could be detected in 0.10, 0.25 mW/cm(2) microwave groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMicrowave exceeding 0.50 mW/cm(2) may make injury to lens epithelial cells after 8 hour radiation, which may be related to the effect of microwave radiation on cell cycle.

Animals ; Cell Cycle ; radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA ; metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Lens, Crystalline ; cytology ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Microwaves ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship among a 50 Hz magnetic field (MF)-induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) clustering,lipid rafts and acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), and to explore its possible mechanism.

METHODSHuman amnion FL cells were exposed to 50 Hz, 0.4 mT MF for 15 min. EGF treatment was used as positive control. Nystatin was employed to study lipid rafts since it could disrupt lipid rafts structure.The EGF receptors, ASM and lipid rafts were labeled with polyclonal anti-EGFR antibody, anti-ASM antibody and FITC-Cholera toxin B, respectively. The images were observed by laser confocal scanning microscope.

RESULTBoth EGF treatment and 50 Hz MF exposure could induce EGFR clustering; however, nystatin pretreatment disrupted this effect. MF exposure turned ASM (labeled with Cy3) from a diffused state in the sham exposure group to a concentrated state on the cell membrane, which co-localized with lipid rafts (labeled with FITC).

CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that the EGFR clustering induced by 50 Hz MF depends on intact lipid rafts on cellular membrane, and the ASM might participate in the process of EGFR clustering.

Cell Membrane ; radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Humans ; Membrane Microdomains ; radiation effects ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Signal Transduction ; physiology ; radiation effects ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase ; metabolism