This article has elaborated the present situations and the existing problems,mentioned basic contents and methods and finally discussed thoughts in details on how to improve the teaching work supervision in vocational colleges and colleges.

Objective To study the relationship between the choice of operation and the efficacy on hepa- tolithiasis.Methods From Januray of 1995 to December of 2006,89 patients with hepatolithiasis underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed.Of them 33 cases underwent hepaticoplasty,hepatolobectomy in 7 cases, cholangiojejunostomy in 22 cases,choledocholithotomy with T-tube drainage in 27 cases.Results Out of the 89 cas- es,follow-up was completed in 81 cases for 6 months to 12 years.The postoperative stone residual rate of the group which underwent hepaticoplasty was 15.15 %(5/33)and cholannitis recurrence rate was 12.50 %(4/32),hepa- tolobecromy was 14.29%(1/7)and 16.67%(1/6),cholangiojejunostomy was 18.18%(4/22)and 30%(6/20), choledocholithotomy with T-tube drainage was 33.33 %(9/27)and 29.17 %(7/24).Conclusion Hepaticoplasty and hepatolobecromy were superior to cholangiojejunostomy and choledocholithotomy with T-tube drainage for treat- ment of hepatolithiasis.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AODN) together on inhibiting the proliferation of the stenosis of transplanted vascular.

METHODSThe left and right external iliac arteries (length 1.0 cm) of rabbits were transplanted reciprocally. The transplanted vascular were respectively soaked in liposomes, PDGF-AODN, PCNA-AODN and PDGF-AODN adding PCNA-AODN solution about 20 minute, the vascular anastomotic were sutured by 8/0 suture of soaked in AODN solution. Four weeks later, the specimens were harvested for microscopy. The pathological morphology of transplanted vascular were observed under microscope (HE). The intimal thickness and area, stenosis ratio(%) of transplanted vascular were calculate and analysed statistically among group by computer system. The number of positive cells of PDGF's mRNA in transplanted vascular wall were counted with in situ hybridization histo-cytochemistry and the number of positive cells of PCNA's protein in transplanted vascular wall were counted by S-P immunochemistry.

RESULTSThe intimal thickness and area, stenosis ratio of transplanted vascular, the number of PDGF and PCNA positive cell in PDGF-AODN adding PCNA-AODN group were significantly lower than those in other group (P < 0.01), and that were lower evidently than PDGF-AODN group and PCNA-AODN group.

CONCLUSIONPDGF and PCNA antisense oligodeoxynucleotides together could significantly inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell and stenosis of transplanted vascular.

Animals ; Graft Occlusion, Vascular ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Iliac Artery ; pathology ; transplantation ; Male ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Transfection ; Transplantation, Homologous

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of local co-transfection vascular endothelial growth factor165 (VEGF165) and tissue-type plasminogen activator genes on inhibiting intimal hyperplasia and restenosis in rabbits artery after operation injury and possible mechanisms.

METHODSMicrology operation injury was used to establish the model of intimal injury of right external iliac artery in rabbits. To select 120 male New Zealand rabbits and were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 40, in each group): Group A (physiological brine control group), Group B (pBudCE4.1 group), Group C (pBudCE4.1/VEGF165-tPA group). The vas-wall of micrology operation injury were infused respectively physiological brine, pBudCE4.1 and pBudCE4.1/VEGF165-tPA transfection solution by micro-injector. Each group were divided into 5 subgroups (n = 8, in each subgroup) randomly according to the sacrifice times (2 d, 1 week, 2 week, 4 week and 8 week after operation). The injured vascular specimen were harvested for pathology test, electric microscopy study, reverse transcription-PCR examining and immunochemistry detecting.

RESULTSThe intimal area and narrow ratio of vases in Group C at every time point after operation were significantly lessened than that in Group A and Group B (P < 0.01). The narrow ratio of vases in Group C at 8 week after operation were decreased respectively by 57.9% and 59.0% than that in Group A and B. The expression of VEGF165 mRNA in Group C were increased significantly than that in Group A and B at every time point after operation (P < 0.01), the expression reached the peak at 1 week and continued to 4 week after operation. Immunohistochemical identified that tPA positive cell in Group C were significantly increased than that in Group A and B (P < 0.01) at every time point after operation.

CONCLUSIONLocal co-transfection VEGF165 and tPA genes could restrain intimal hyperplasia and restenosis of vas, which lay a foundation for future multi-gene therapy of vascular intimal hyperplasia.

Animals ; Arteries ; pathology ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Hyperplasia ; prevention & control ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; Plasmids ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection ; Tunica Intima ; pathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of co-transfection of platelet derived growth factor antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (PDGF-AODN) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) gene on inhibition of intimal proliferation of auto-transplantion artery.

METHODSOne hundred male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (25 in each): Group A (control group), Group B (PDGF-AODN transfection group), Group C (tPA gene transfection group) and Group D (PDGF-AODN and tPA co-transfection group). The left and right external iliac arteries were transplanted reciprocally. The transplanted arteries were respectively soaked in PDGF-AODN, pBudCE4.1/tPA and PDGF-AODN plus pBudCE4.1/tPA solution about 15 minute before transplantation. The rabbits were sacrificed at 3d, 1w, 2w, 4w and 8w after operation. The specimens were harvested for pathologic examination, electron microscopy, chromogenic substrate test, 3H-TdR incorporation test and immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTThe scan electron microscopy showed that there were a few thrombocytes on vas-wall of Group C and D without thrombus, whereas there were abundant thrombocytes and thrombus forming on vas-wall of Group A and B. The intimal area, stenosis ratio of transplanted artery, 3H-TdR incorporation,the number of PDGF positive cell in Group D were significantly less than those in Group A (P<0.01),Group B and Group C (both P<0.05). The activity of tPA gene products in transplanted vas-wall of Group D was significantly higher than that of Group A (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONLocal co-transfection of PDGF-AODN and tPA gene can effectively inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, hyperplasia of intima and restenosis of transplanted artery.

Animals ; Endothelium, Vascular ; pathology ; Graft Occlusion, Vascular ; prevention & control ; Hyperplasia ; prevention & control ; Iliac Artery ; transplantation ; Male ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection ; Tunica Intima ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the application of tissue granule of oral mucous in plastic surgery.

METHODSTissue granule of oral mucous was placed on glutin sponge and they were used for urethral (12 cases) and vaginal (14 cases) reconstruction in 26 cases.

RESULTSSatisfactory results were achieved in 24 cases. One case of urethral fistula and one case of urethral meatus stricture were happened. The two cases underwent secondary operation.

CONCLUSIONSTissue granule of oral mucous membrane is good supply for repairing mucous defect. It has the advantages of high growth and survival rate, and less shrinkage. It is useful for urethral or vaginal reconstruction which are covered with mucous membrane.

Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; surgery ; Male ; Mouth Mucosa ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Urethra ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Vagina ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the optimal timing of hepatectomy for intrahepatic lithiasis complicated with acute cholangitis.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty-six patients with hepatolithiasis who had a history of acute cholangitis and underwent hepatectomy were reviewed retrospectively. According to the period between the surgery and last attack of acute cholangitis, 126 patients were divided into 3 groups: > 3 months (group A, n = 73), 1 approximately 3 months (group B, n = 28), < 1 month (group C, n = 25). The operation time, blood loss, hospital stay, postoperative complications and stone residual rate were compared among the groups.

RESULTSThe intraoperative blood loss of C group was (644.0 +/- 625.7) ml, which was significantly higher than those of A and B group [(409.2 +/- 250.7) ml and (423.2 +/- 237.1) ml, respectively]. The numbers of patients who needed transfusion and the amount of blood transfusion in group C were also higher than those of group A and B. The incidence rate of complications, residual stone in group C were all markedly higher than those of group A and B. The period of hospital stay in group C was much longer than that in group A and B.

CONCLUSIONSThe optimal timing of hepatectomy for hepatolithiasis complicated with acute cholangitis is at least one month after subsidence of cholangitis.

Adult ; Aged ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Cholangitis ; complications ; Cholelithiasis ; complications ; surgery ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVELower eyelid ectropion is one of the most severe complications following lower eyelid blepharoplasty. Combination of multiple procedures was used to repair this deformity and the results were observed.

METHODSSevere lower eyelid ectropion following blepharoplasty was repaired with the combination method of multiple procedures, including transferring the island forehead flap, buried guiding suture of the lower eyelid skin to orbital periosteum and horizontal lid-shortening. 10 patients (15 eyelids) with lower eyelid ectropion after blepharoplasty were treated with the above method from Mar 2001 to Mar 2004.

RESULTSThe lower eyelid ectropion was repaired effectively. All the patients were satisfied with the results.

CONCLUSIONSThe combination method of multiple procedures was an effective method for severe lower eyelid ectropion.

Adult ; Blepharoplasty ; adverse effects ; Ectropion ; etiology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of the reconstruction of the mentum with cervical tissue flaps in the surgical management of postburn cervical scar contracture.

METHODSThirteen postburn patients with severe cervical scar contracture and mental deformity were enrolled in the study. The platysma flap (3 cases), scar tissue flap (6 cases) and cervical deep fascia tissue flap (3 cases), with the pedicle containing the facial and the superior thyroidal artery, were turned upwards to replenish mental soft tissue, and to form new mentum and sulcus mentolabialis. The cervical scars were repaired with expanded flap (11 cases), free flap (1 case) or trapezius muscular flap.

RESULTSThe post-operative cervical configuration was found to be good, and the tissue flaps for mental reconstruction healed satisfactorily. Ten patients were followed-up for 6 to 24 months. All flaps were successful and achieved good results, except that scar formation was found in the cervical linear incision in 4 patients.

CONCLUSIONTransfer of the platysma flaps, scar tissue flaps, or deep cervical fascial flaps for the reconstruction of cervical scar were simple and effective. The use of cervical scar tissue flaps could not only loose the constructed scar, but also beneficial in rectifying the configuration of the chin.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns ; complications ; Chin ; surgery ; Cicatrix ; etiology ; surgery ; Contracture ; etiology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the long- term results of radical resection for rectal cancer and the factors influencing the operative results.

METHODSFrom January 1990 to December 1999, clinical data of 689 patients who underwent radical resection for rectal cancer were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThe overall operative mortality was 0.7%, the follow- up rate was 96.7%, the median survival rate was 67.4 months. The 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year survival rate after operation was 89.9%, 77.3%, 69.6% and 63.3% respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the survival rate was related with the first onset symptom, tumor location, infiltrated circumference of intestine, T staging, Dukes staging, histological type, extent of lymph node metastasis and operative approaches. Multivariate analysis showed that tumor location, histological type, invasive depth and Dukes staging were independent prognostic factors.

CONCLUSIONSThe long-term efficacy after radical resection for rectal cancer is correlated with tumor location, histological type, invasive depth and Dukes staging.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Rectal Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Rectum ; pathology ; Regression Analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome