Esophagus ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

BACKGROUNDChemotherapy is one of the important treatment methods for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of vinorelbine (NVB) and cisplatin (DDP) in the treatment of advanced NSCLC.

METHODSForty-eight patients with stage IIIB and IV NSCLC were treated with NVB (25mg/m² ,iv,d1 and d8) and DDP (40mg/m², d1 and d2).

RESULTSThe overall response rate (RR) was 48%, median survival time was 10 months, and 1-year survival rate was 35%. The RR of patients with first-line chemotherapy was 55%, median survival time was 11 months, the RR of patients with second-line chemotherapy was 35%, median survival time was 8 months; the RR of patients with stage IIIB was 54%, median survival time was 10 months, the RR of patients with stage IV was 41%, median survival time was 9 months. The main toxicities were myelosuppression, nausea, vomiting and phlebitis.

CONCLUSIONSThe combination of NVB and DDP in the treatment of advanced NSCLC has a high response rate and tolerable side effects, which can be adopted as the first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC, or the second line treatment that still need further studies.

Objective To explore the effects and safety of hemoperfusion(HP) therapy on tetramine poisoning in infants.Methods Thirty-five infants with tetramine poisoning were divided into two groups: HP group(n=18) and non HP group(n=17).The changes of blood tetramine concentration and clinical symptom improving of both groups after the treatment were observed together with the adverse effects of HP group.Results The average blood tetramine concentration of HP group was higher than that of non HP group(342.2?333.4 vs 117.9?50.8 ?g/L,P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the conventional cytogenetic methods in genetic diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis in the family with a proband of Angelman syndrome (AS).

METHODSHigh-resolution G-banding karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on metaphase chromosomes were performed.

RESULTSTwo AS patients and 1 normal fetus in the family were successfully detected by FISH.

CONCLUSIONOur result demonstrated that patient with type I AS could be detected by combining the techniques of high-resolution G-banding and FISH with clinical observation, which would offer accurate genetic counseling information to the geneticists and provide the prenatal diagnosis for the AS family.

Adult ; Angelman Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Infant ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo study the association between serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and the extent of brain damage and the outcome after acute traumatic brain injury (TBI).

METHODSThe release patterns of serum NSE in 78 patients after acute TBI were analyzed by using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of NSE were compared with Glasgow coma scale, the category of brain injury and the outcome after 6 months of injury.

RESULTSThere were different NSE values in patients with minor (12.96 microg/L+/-2.39 microg/L), moderate (23.44 microg/L+/-5.33 microg/L) and severe brain injury (42.68 microg/L+/-4.57 microg/L). After severe TBI, the concentration of NSE in patients with epidural hematomas was 13.38 microg/L+/-4.01 microg/L, 24.03 microg/L+/-2.85 microg/L in brain contusion without surgical intervention group, 55.20 microg/L+/-6.35 microg/L in brain contusion with surgical intervention group, and 83.85 microg/L+/-15.82 microg/L in diffuse brain swelling group. There were close correlations between NSE values and Glasgow coma scale (r=-0.608, P<0.01) and the extent of brain injury (r=0.75, P<0.01). Patients with poor outcome had significantly higher initial and peak NSE values than those with good outcome (66.40 microg/L+/-9.46 microg/L, 94.24 microg/L+/-13.75 microg/L vs 32.16 microg/L+/-4.21 microg/L, 34.08 microg/L+/-4.40 microg/L, P<0.01, respectively). Initial NSE values were negatively related to the outcome (r=-0.501, P<0.01). Most patients with poor outcomes had persisting or secondary elevated NSE values.

CONCLUSIONSSerum NSE is one of the valuable neurobiochemical markers for assessment of the severity of brain injury and outcome prediction.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain Injuries ; enzymology ; Child ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; blood ; Whole-Body Irradiation

OBJECTIVETo analyze the cause of the postoperative shortening in distal radius fractures and to find treatment strategies to enhance the reduction effect of distal radius fracture and long-term efficacy.

METHODSFrom June 2005 to January 2009, 46 patients with distal radius fractures were treated by surgical operation including 17 males and 29 females,ranging from 27 to 90 years old with an average age of 48 years. All fractures were reduced satisfactory with smooth articular surface. The postoperative radial shortening was analyzed.

RESULTSAll patients were followed-up for 6 to 24 months with an average of 14 months. Among them, 12 patients had radial shortening. The causes of postoperative radial shortening includes: (1) patients older than 60 years; (2) severe osteoporosis; (3) preoperative displacement and comminuted fractures; (4) inappropriate fixation methods; (5) inadequate bone graft; (6) premature load.

CONCLUSIONThe key points to enhance the treatment outcomes include precise judgement of the fracture type and bone quality, sufficient bone graft, firmly fixed after anatomical reduction and an appropriate plan for early loadless functional exercise. Traumatic arthritis may be avoided or delayed if the above-mentioned six causes can be taken into consideration or preventive measures can be taken.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Transplantation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; etiology ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; therapy ; Radius ; pathology ; Radius Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the application of free anterolateral thigh myocutaneous flap in the reconstruction of tongue and mouth floor defect after radical resection of tongue carcinoma.

METHODSFrom June 2006 to April 2009, 14 cases with tongue carcinoma underwent radical resection, leaving tongue and mouth floor defects which were reconstructed by anterolateral thigh myocutaneous flaps at the same stage. These 14 cases included tongue carcinoma at lingual margin (n=9), at ventral tongue (n=3) and at mouth floor (n=2). The flap size ranged from 7 cm x 9 cm to 5 cm x 7 cm.

RESULTSAll the 14 flaps survived completely with primary healing. There was no functional morbidity in the lower extremities. The patients were followed up for 12-26 months with satisfied esthetic and functional results in reconstructed tongue. Only one case (T4 N1 M0) died of metastasis carcinoma 14 months after operation. No local recurrence happened.

CONCLUSIONSThe anterolateral thigh myocutaneous flap has abundant tissue volume to reconstruct the tongue and mouth floor defect, while leaving less morbidity at donor site. Both satisfied esthetic and functional results can be achieved.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Floor ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Thigh ; surgery ; Tongue ; surgery ; Tongue Neoplasms ; surgery

With the development of stem cells and regenerative medicine (treatment of various diseases using stem cells) research, the induction of differentiation of human stem cell technology has also made significant progress. The development of chemical biology offers a variety of small biological molecules for stem cell biology. This review focuses on how small molecule compounds (natural and synthetic) induce differentiation of stem cells.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; methods ; Humans ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Regenerative Medicine ; trends ; Signal Transduction ; Small Molecule Libraries ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; Wnt Proteins ; metabolism

Nine triterpenes compounds were isolated from the male flowers of Eucommia ulmoides by recrystallization and chromatographic techniques over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and RP-18 gel. Their chemical structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis and as 3-oxo-12-en-ursane-28-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl (1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 2α, 3β-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(28 --> 1) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), ursolic acid (3), α-amyrin (4), uvaol (5), ursolic acid acetate (6), 3-O-acetate oleanoic acid (7), betulinic acid (8), and betulinol (9). Compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2, 4-7 were isolated from the Eucommiu genus for the first time. Cytotoxic activity was tested for all the compounds against K562 and HepG2 cells. The results showed that only compound 3, exhibited cytotoxic activity.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Eucommiaceae ; chemistry ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Triterpenes ; analysis ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo observe the outcomes of hospitalized neonates who were managed with two different antibiotics strategies, namely, the risk factor based antibiotic strategy and the combination antibiotic strategy that is based on risk factors, infection screening and monitoring.

METHODSA cohort study was performed on a control group of 4 406 cases of neonates hospitalized between January 2010 and May 2011 and an observed group of 4 476 neonates hospitalized between July 2011 and October 2012. The control group adopted the risk factor based antibiotic strategy and the observed group received a combination antibiotic strategy based on risk factors, infection screening and monitoring. The rate of antibiotic use, average length of stay, readmission rate and mortality rate were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSWith the change from the risk factor based antibiotic strategy to the combination antibiotic strategy, the total rate of antibiotic use decreased from 79.6% to 50.5% (P<0.01). There were no differences in the average length of stay, readmission rate, and mortality rate between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONSThe combination antibiotic strategy based on risk factors, infection screening and monitoring can reduce antibiotic use substantially and has no adverse effects on treatment outcomes in hospitalized neonates.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Bacterial Infections ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Cohort Studies ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Length of Stay ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome