Esophagus ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

BACKGROUNDChemotherapy is one of the important treatment methods for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of vinorelbine (NVB) and cisplatin (DDP) in the treatment of advanced NSCLC.

METHODSForty-eight patients with stage IIIB and IV NSCLC were treated with NVB (25mg/m² ,iv,d1 and d8) and DDP (40mg/m², d1 and d2).

RESULTSThe overall response rate (RR) was 48%, median survival time was 10 months, and 1-year survival rate was 35%. The RR of patients with first-line chemotherapy was 55%, median survival time was 11 months, the RR of patients with second-line chemotherapy was 35%, median survival time was 8 months; the RR of patients with stage IIIB was 54%, median survival time was 10 months, the RR of patients with stage IV was 41%, median survival time was 9 months. The main toxicities were myelosuppression, nausea, vomiting and phlebitis.

CONCLUSIONSThe combination of NVB and DDP in the treatment of advanced NSCLC has a high response rate and tolerable side effects, which can be adopted as the first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC, or the second line treatment that still need further studies.

Objective To explore the effects and safety of hemoperfusion(HP) therapy on tetramine poisoning in infants.Methods Thirty-five infants with tetramine poisoning were divided into two groups: HP group(n=18) and non HP group(n=17).The changes of blood tetramine concentration and clinical symptom improving of both groups after the treatment were observed together with the adverse effects of HP group.Results The average blood tetramine concentration of HP group was higher than that of non HP group(342.2?333.4 vs 117.9?50.8 ?g/L,P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the conventional cytogenetic methods in genetic diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis in the family with a proband of Angelman syndrome (AS).

METHODSHigh-resolution G-banding karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on metaphase chromosomes were performed.

RESULTSTwo AS patients and 1 normal fetus in the family were successfully detected by FISH.

CONCLUSIONOur result demonstrated that patient with type I AS could be detected by combining the techniques of high-resolution G-banding and FISH with clinical observation, which would offer accurate genetic counseling information to the geneticists and provide the prenatal diagnosis for the AS family.

Adult ; Angelman Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Infant ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis

OBJECTIVESTo explore the relationships between the peripheral blood levels of CD61, CD63, PAC-1 and the incidence of acute rejection and tubular necrosis after renal transplantation, and recovery of the graft function.

METHODSThe peripheral blood levels of CD61, CD63, and PAC-1 of 86 patients with uremia in different stages before and after transplantations were analyzed by flow cytometry. The patients were divided into three groups: (1) twenty-nine patients with normal grafts function, (2) hirty with acute rejection and (3) twenty-seven with acute tubular necrosis. The patients with acute rejection were randomly divided into treatment group with anticoagulants and cntrol group.

RESULTSThe peripheral blood levels of CD61, CD63 and PAC-1 significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the patients with acute rejection, in comparison with those with normal grafts function and those with acute tubular necrosis. The peripheral blood levels of CD61, CD63 and PAC-1 in patients with acute rejection in anticoagulants therapy was lower, recovery time of the grafts function was shorter, one-year survival rates of patients and grafts were higher, as compared with those of controls.

CONCLUSIONSThe patients with acute rejection have significantly high peripheral blood levels of CD61, CD63 and PAC-1 before transplantation, however, these values in patients with acute tubular necrosis are not high, this suggesting that acute rejection might relate to platelet activation, while acute tubular necrosis might not relate to it. After anticoagulants therapy in patients with acute rejection, the grafts function might recover faster and their one-year survival rates and grafts might be higher in those with CD61, CD63 and PAC-1 decreasing remarkably.

Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; blood ; Dual Specificity Phosphatase 2 ; Female ; Graft Rejection ; Humans ; Integrin beta3 ; blood ; Kidney ; physiopathology ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Activation ; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins ; Protein Phosphatase 2 ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases ; blood ; Tetraspanin 30

With the development of stem cells and regenerative medicine (treatment of various diseases using stem cells) research, the induction of differentiation of human stem cell technology has also made significant progress. The development of chemical biology offers a variety of small biological molecules for stem cell biology. This review focuses on how small molecule compounds (natural and synthetic) induce differentiation of stem cells.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; methods ; Humans ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Regenerative Medicine ; trends ; Signal Transduction ; Small Molecule Libraries ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; Wnt Proteins ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the outcomes of hospitalized neonates who were managed with two different antibiotics strategies, namely, the risk factor based antibiotic strategy and the combination antibiotic strategy that is based on risk factors, infection screening and monitoring.

METHODSA cohort study was performed on a control group of 4 406 cases of neonates hospitalized between January 2010 and May 2011 and an observed group of 4 476 neonates hospitalized between July 2011 and October 2012. The control group adopted the risk factor based antibiotic strategy and the observed group received a combination antibiotic strategy based on risk factors, infection screening and monitoring. The rate of antibiotic use, average length of stay, readmission rate and mortality rate were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSWith the change from the risk factor based antibiotic strategy to the combination antibiotic strategy, the total rate of antibiotic use decreased from 79.6% to 50.5% (P<0.01). There were no differences in the average length of stay, readmission rate, and mortality rate between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONSThe combination antibiotic strategy based on risk factors, infection screening and monitoring can reduce antibiotic use substantially and has no adverse effects on treatment outcomes in hospitalized neonates.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Bacterial Infections ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Cohort Studies ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Length of Stay ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome

Nine triterpenes compounds were isolated from the male flowers of Eucommia ulmoides by recrystallization and chromatographic techniques over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and RP-18 gel. Their chemical structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis and as 3-oxo-12-en-ursane-28-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl (1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 2α, 3β-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(28 --> 1) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), ursolic acid (3), α-amyrin (4), uvaol (5), ursolic acid acetate (6), 3-O-acetate oleanoic acid (7), betulinic acid (8), and betulinol (9). Compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2, 4-7 were isolated from the Eucommiu genus for the first time. Cytotoxic activity was tested for all the compounds against K562 and HepG2 cells. The results showed that only compound 3, exhibited cytotoxic activity.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Eucommiaceae ; chemistry ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Triterpenes ; analysis ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the association between serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and the extent of brain damage and the outcome after acute traumatic brain injury (TBI).

METHODSThe release patterns of serum NSE in 78 patients after acute TBI were analyzed by using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of NSE were compared with Glasgow coma scale, the category of brain injury and the outcome after 6 months of injury.

RESULTSThere were different NSE values in patients with minor (12.96 microg/L+/-2.39 microg/L), moderate (23.44 microg/L+/-5.33 microg/L) and severe brain injury (42.68 microg/L+/-4.57 microg/L). After severe TBI, the concentration of NSE in patients with epidural hematomas was 13.38 microg/L+/-4.01 microg/L, 24.03 microg/L+/-2.85 microg/L in brain contusion without surgical intervention group, 55.20 microg/L+/-6.35 microg/L in brain contusion with surgical intervention group, and 83.85 microg/L+/-15.82 microg/L in diffuse brain swelling group. There were close correlations between NSE values and Glasgow coma scale (r=-0.608, P<0.01) and the extent of brain injury (r=0.75, P<0.01). Patients with poor outcome had significantly higher initial and peak NSE values than those with good outcome (66.40 microg/L+/-9.46 microg/L, 94.24 microg/L+/-13.75 microg/L vs 32.16 microg/L+/-4.21 microg/L, 34.08 microg/L+/-4.40 microg/L, P<0.01, respectively). Initial NSE values were negatively related to the outcome (r=-0.501, P<0.01). Most patients with poor outcomes had persisting or secondary elevated NSE values.

CONCLUSIONSSerum NSE is one of the valuable neurobiochemical markers for assessment of the severity of brain injury and outcome prediction.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain Injuries ; enzymology ; Child ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; blood ; Whole-Body Irradiation

OBJECTIVETo study DNA damages of liver cells in rats exposed to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), and the expressions of DNA damage repair enzymes including O(6)-methyl guanine-DNA methyl transferase (MGMT), X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) and X-ray repair cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3); and to explore the repair mechanism of DNA damage induced by VCM.

METHODSRats were exposed to VCM by intraperitoneal injection. DNA damages were detected by single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). The expressions of DNA damage repair enzymes were measured by immunohistochemical methods.

RESULTSThe percentages of comet cells in low, moderate, and high dose groups (11.75%, 12.38%, and 17.63%, respectively) were greater than that of control (5.67%). The latter two groups were significantly different from that of control (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The expressions of MGMT and XRCC1 decreased, and XRCC3 increased with the dose of VCM increased. DNA damage was correlated with the expression of XRCC3 (r = 0.438, P = 0.067).

CONCLUSIONVCM can cause DNA damage of liver cells with dose-response relationship. DNA damage repair enzymes take part in the repairing of DNA damage induced by VCM.

Animals ; Carcinogens ; toxicity ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; DNA Repair ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Liver ; cytology ; metabolism ; Male ; O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vinyl Chloride ; toxicity ; X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1