Biopsy ; Cryopreservation ; Frozen Sections ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Diseases ; pathology ; Paraffin Embedding ; methods

Adolescent ; Apolipoproteins E ; blood ; Humans ; Hyperlipoproteinemias ; complications ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Kidney Diseases ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Kidney Glomerulus ; blood supply ; pathology ; Male ; Thrombosis ; pathology

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different rehydration conditions on recovery of the lyophilized red blood cells (RBC) so as to optimize the RBC rehydration. The different conditions, including different rehydration solution, the rehydration temperature, volume change rate of the lyophilized RBC rehydrated by the vapor firstly, were studied, the recovery rate and change of physiological and biochemical properties of the rehydrated RBC were detected. The results indicated that the solution of 10% (w/v) PVP40 in PBS showed the best effect, and the RBC recovery rate increased with increasing of rehydration temperature, and the optimal temperature of rehydration was at 37 degrees C. Pre-rehydration in condition of vapor could raise the RBC recovery rate, and promote the MCV and RDW to close to index of the fresh RBC, the deformability of the rehydrated RBC was no serious as compared with RBC preserved in conventional condition, but the activity level of ATP, G-6-PD, SOD, 2, 3-DPG of the rehydrated RBC less decreased. It is concluded that the optimal rehydration conditions for lyophilized RBC are pre-rehydration in the 37 degrees C with vapor firstly, PBS + 10% (w/v) PVP40 rehydration solution and rehydration temperature at 37 degrees C, but the protection of RBC membrane needs to be furtherly studied.
Blood Preservation ; methods ; Erythrocyte Count ; Erythrocytes ; Freeze Drying ; methods ; Humans ; Rehydration Solutions ; Temperature

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of meloxicam combined with glucosamine sulfate in the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis.Methods Ninety cases of knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into control group and treatment group,each group 45 cases.Control group was given meloxicam tablets 7.5 mg,bid,oral.On the basis of control group,treatment group was treated with glucosamine sulfate capsules 0.5 g,tid,oral.All the patients were treated for 6 weeks.The clinical symptoms,signs,knee joint motor function and pain indexes of all patients were evaluated before and after treatment.The blood samples and joint fluid specimens were collected,to determine the matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3),matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The clinical efficacy and adverse drug reactions in two groups were compared.Results After treatment,the levels of Lequesne indexes in treatment group and control group were 5.78 ± 3..04 and 8.24 ± 3.62,Lysholm scores were 85.82 ± 10.01 and 72.46 ± 13.58,VAS scores were 2.45 ± 1.08 and 3.86 ± 1.17,serum MMP-3 levels were (114.69 ± 13.54) and (130.52 ± 16.48) ng · L-1,serum MMP-13 levels were (141.06 ± 21.55) and (179.82 ± 24.37) ng · L-1,serum PGE2 levels were(69.82 ± 18.67)and(91.30 ±20.09)ng · L-1,joint fluid MMP-3 levels were(17.89 ±5.12) and (23.10 ±5.46)ng · L-1,joint fluid MMP-13 levels were(27.35 ±6.52)and(38.47 ±6.85)ng · L-1,joint fluid PGE2 levels were (82.16 ± 22.64) and (118.02 ± 23.41) ng · L-1,all with significant difference (all P ＜ 0.05).The improvement rates of control group and treatment group were 73.33％ (33 cases/45 cases),91.11％ (41 cases/45 case),with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).No adverse drug reactions occurred during the treatment.Conclusion The clinical effect of meloxicam combined with glucosamine sulfate in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis is exact,the treatment is conducive to the improvement of clinical symptoms,can reduce serum MMP-3,MMP-13,PGE2 levels,with high safety.

OBJECTIVETo identify potential mutation of apolipoprotein E (apoE) gene in a male patient affected with lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG), his mother and his sister.

METHODSThe patient and his mother both had histologically confirmed LPG. His sister and his father were asymptomatic. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples. PCR products of the coding region of exons 3 and 4 of the apoE gene were cloned into a pTA2 vector and sequenced. Genetic variations of the apoE gene were detected using PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).

RESULTSAn apoE gene mutation was identified in the patient's family. Sequence analysis confirmed a 9-bp deletion in the exon 4 of apoE gene from nt 484 to 492. The 9-bp deletion resulted in loss of 3 amino acids at positions 143-145. The sister of the propositus carried the same mutation, though she had neither proteinuria nor elevated plasma apoE. Sequence analysis of exon 3 showed no abnormality. No abnormalities were found in the father's apoE gene sequence. Analysis of genetic variations of the apoE gene by PCR and RFLP confirmed a 57 bp fragment consistent with the 9-bp deletion in exon 4. The father had a normal ε 3 ε 3 genotype.

CONCLUSIONThe 9 bp deletion of apoE may be associated with the pathogenesis of LPG.

Adolescent ; Apolipoproteins E ; blood ; genetics ; Exons ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; blood ; genetics ; Kidney Glomerulus ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lipoproteins ; blood ; Male ; Mutation ; Pedigree

OBJECTIVETo verify the electric synchronism, mechanic synchronism and hemodynamics of selective site pacing.

METHODSPacing in the right ventricular cardiac apex (RVA), the right ventricular His bundle region (His), and the septum of right ventricular high-positioned outflow tract (RVOT), CO and CI were recorded. The electrical synchronism was assessed by observing the width and shape in a 12-lead surface ECG. The mechanical synchronism was estimated by using the VVI (vector velocity imaging) technology of the Acuson Sequia 512.

RESULTSThe results showed that CO and CI were lower while pacing in RVA, but they were not significant different (P>0.05). The QRS width: (124 +/- 5.3) ms while pacing in His, (144 +/- 7.1) ms while pacing in RVOT and (156 +/- 8.6) ms while pacing in RVA. The QRS width while pacing in His and in RVOT were narrower than in RVA and there were significant differences (P<0.01). Vector velocity imaging showed that mechanical synchronism was better while pacing in RVOT than that in RVA.

CONCLUSIONPacing in RVOT seems better than pacing in traditional RVA, and the operation was no more difficult than the traditional operation.

Adult ; Aged ; Bundle of His ; physiopathology ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; methods ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Ventricles ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pacemaker, Artificial

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility and therapeutic effect of thinned posterior tibial artery free perforator flap for the reconstruction of soft tissue defects at dorsum of hands.

METHODSSix fresh adult lower limbs specimens were injected with red latex via arterial cannula and dissected. The number, distribution, branches, and outer diameter of posterior tibia artery perforators were observed. Based on the anatomic study, the perforator flaps were designed to reconstruct soft tissue defects at dorsum of hands and wrists. The redundant fat on the flaps was removed, but preserving the nutrient vascular system. 11 flaps were used with the size ranging from 2 cm x 5 cm to 10 cm x 14 cm.

RESULTS43 skin perforators of posterior tibial artery were observed in six lower limbs, 29 perforators with the outer diameter is greater than 0.5 mm when they threading over the deep fascia plane, on average every 4.8 bundles of sides. The mean outside diameter of perforating artery is (1.8 +/- 0.5) mm, and the length is (44 +/- 15) mm. 6 perforators were founded both in the second and fifth zone which could be used for anastomosis for its better diameters. All flaps survived completely without any complication at donor sites. 7 cases were followed up for 3-12 months. Both satisfactory functional and cosmetic results were achieved with a soft and thinned appearance.

CONCLUSIONSThe thinned posterior tibial artery free perforator flap has a reliable blood supply and good appearance. It is very suitable for the reconstruction of small or medium-sized defects at the dorsum of hands and wrists.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Hand Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; anatomy & histology ; blood supply ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perforator Flap ; blood supply ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Tibial Arteries ; anatomy & histology ; transplantation ; Young Adult

Objective To design,synthesize and screen high efficient small interfering RNA(siRNA) targeting to cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)on rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts(RASF).To further study the effect of specific COX-2 siRNA interfering on mediators of inflammatory cytokines.Methods Four pairs of siRNA for human COX-2 mRNA were synthesized by utilizing RNA design software,while another random sequence was designed as control.They were divided into group A to H.Among them,group A was used as the negative control(CTL),and group B to F were transfected as random siRNA(NC),1#～4#siRNA in order. These siRNAs were transferred into RASF by LipofectAMINE2000 package and PMA(phorbol-12-myristate- 13-acetate)was added into each culture and with a final concentration of 100 nmol/l.RASF was collected 48 hours after transfection.The expression of hCOX-2 at mRNA level was determined by reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and hCOX-2 protein level by Western Blot.The supernatant levels of PGE_2,IL-1?,IL-6,TNF-?and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)of the above groups were detected by ELISA.Results The levels of hCOX mRNA and protein in RASF treated with 4-#siRNA were significantly lower than those of the negative control and other groups.The level of PGE_2 and cytokines like IL-1?,IL-6, TNF-?and VEGF in the supernatant were lower in the 4#siRNA group than in other groups.Conclusion 4#siRNA can effectively inhibit the expression of COX-2 mRNA and the synthesis of the COX-2 protein in human synovial fibroblasts.The level of PGE_2,IL-1?,IL-6,TNF-?and VEGF is the lowest in the super- natant.Thus 4#siRNA has been confirmed to specifically block the COX-2 in human synovial fibroblasts.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of T-614 in treating rheumatoid arthritis(RA). Methods Two hundred and eighty patients with active RA were randomly allocated to 3 groups:T-614 50 mg each day,25 mg each day or placebo.Clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed at baseline,2,4,6,12, 18 and 24 weeks.Results The ACR response rate was significantly higher in the T-614 treatment group com- pared with the placebo group during the first 6 weeks.After 24 weeks,25 mg/d,50 mg/d dosage group and the placebo group showed 39.1%,61.3% and 24.2% in ACR20,23.9%,31.2% and 7.4% in ACR50 respectively.A time-response in ACR response after 24 weeks was observed,with clear superiority of the 25 mg/d and 50 mg/d dosage groups compared to the placebo,and 50 mg/d dosage group compared to 25 mg/d dosage group(P

Objective To investigate the change of the basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) leve in human detrusor muscle(DM)in bladder outlet obstruction(BOO)due to benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)and its implication.Methods Fifty-four patients with BPH were divided into two groups:the obstructive DM stability and instability groups;and 15 men with bladder tumor who underwent operation in the same period were enrolled in the control group.The bFGF mRNA level in DM was measured by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and the bFGF protein level was measured by immunohistochemical staining method.Results The bFGF-mRNA expression level of bladder smooth muscle cells was significantly lower in the control group than that in the obstructive DM stability and instability groups(all P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between the obstructive DM stability and instability groups(P＞0.05). Conclusions The expression level of bFGF mRNA in bladder DM is elevated in BOO due to BPH,but there is little or no correlation between the increased expression of bFGF mRNA and detrusor muscle instability.