[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the diagnosis, treatment method, key points of operation, and postoperative complications of high-risk esophageal foreign body.METHODSA retrospective analysis of 41 cases of high-risk esophageal foreign body from January 1996 to December 2014. After adequate preparation, the foreign body was removed via esophageal endoscope under general anesthesia.RESULTSThe foreign bodies in 41 patients were removed via esophageal endoscope once or twice. Two cases suffered postoperative subcutaneous emphysema, that may be a result of a small perforation in esophagus. Emphysema was disappeared by fast, rehydration and anti-infection for 6 to 8 days, and other serious complications did not occur.CONCLUSIONMost high-risk esophageal foreign bodies can be removed through rigid esophagoscopy. Some of the foreign bodies of the patients were difficult to remove, some patients were presented with mediastinal emphysema and pneumothorax due to esophageal perforation, and some foreign body stuck in oesophagus so long to cause esophageal mucosa ulcer. In these conditions, foreign bodies should be removed by lateral neck incision or thoracotomy.

120 strains of endophytic bacteria identified by ERIC-PCR were isolated from wild and cultivated Glycyrrhiza uralensis plants which collected from Erdos Innermongolia province.The identified results indicated that Glycyrrhiza uralensis plants has plenty of endophytic bacterium in density and population,and the density is higher in root and leave than in stem.Partial sequence analysis of 16S rDNA gene of 82 strains indicated that these strains were in a high similarity with 19 known genus which belong to?、?、 ?-Proteobacteria、Firmicutes and Actinobacteria.The dominant genus were Bacillus sp.,Pseudomonas sp., Pantoea sp.and Serratia sp..

OBJECTIVETo compare the effect and safety of the no-flip method versus the external method in Shang Ring circumcision.

METHODSWe searched relevant randomized controlled trials published in China and abroad comparing the no-flip method and external method of Shang Ring circumcision. Based on the Cochrane Handbook for systematic review, two reviewers independently eval- uated the quality of the included studies and abstracted relevant data, followed by a meta-analysis using the statistical software Review Manager 5.1.0.

RESULTSTotally 7 studies with 1 200 cases were included. Compared with the external method, the no-flip method was associated with a lower total rate of complications (RR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.87, P = 0.02), a lower incidence of postop- erative edema (RR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.81, P = 0.02), and a lower 24 h postoperative pain score (MD = -0.35, 95% CI: -0.55, -0.14, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe no-flip method of Shang Ring circumcision was superior to the external method for its advantages of fewer complications, lower incidence of postoperative edema, and mild postoperative pain. However, our findings need further support by more high-quality randomized controlled trials.

China ; Circumcision, Male ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Edema ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative ; epidemiology ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

OBJECTIVE: To explore the inhibitory effect of spinal topical morphine on the dorsal horn projection neurons in nerve-injured rats and its mechanism. METHODS: Single-unit activity of dorsal horn projection neurons was recorded in anesthetized L(5)/L(6) nerve-ligated rats. Allodynia was determined by a behavior test in nerve-injured rats. The evoked neuronal responses to mechanical stimuli applied to the receptive field were determined before and after the spinal topical application of morphine, bicuculline plus morphine, strychnine plus morphine, and both bicuculline and strychnine plus morphine in normal, sham operation, and nerve-injured rats. RESULTS: Spinal topical application of 10 micromol/L morphine significantly inhibited the evoked responses of dorsal horn projection neurons in normal, sham, operation and nerve-injured rats. However, the inhibitory effect of morphine was significantly reduced in nerve-injured rats compared with that in normal and sham operation rats. Furthermore, the topical application of 20 micromol/L bicuculline had little effect on the inhibitory effect of morphine in nerve-injured rats but it almost abolished the effect of morphine in normal and sham operation rats. The glycine receptor antagonist strychnine at 4 micromol/L significantly decreased the effect of morphine in nerve-injured, normal, and sham operation rats. CONCLUSION The loss of tonic GABAergic inhibition contributes to the reduced inhibitory effect of morphine on dorsal horn projection neurons in nerve-injured rats.
Analgesics, Opioid ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Bicuculline ; pharmacology ; Electrophysiology ; Hyperesthesia ; Male ; Morphine ; pharmacology ; Pain ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Posterior Horn Cells ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Nerves ; injuries

OBJECTIVETo investigate the gene differential expression patterns in hepatocirrhosis and non-hepatocirrhosis tissues within different ischemic time.

METHODSThe liver tissues were divided into two groups: Group A (non-hepatocirrhosis), Group B (hepatocirrhosis), each of which consisted of 3 groups with different ischemic time: 15, 30 and 45 minutes. The gene differential expression patterns in the two groups within different ischemic time were detected and compared with those in normal liver tissues by using 4000 points gene microarray.

RESULTSIn non-hepatocirrhosis tissues, the homeostatic maintenance genes expressed highly during hepatic ischemia for 15 minutes, and no apoptotic gene was expressed; but in hepatocirrhosis tissues, many apoptotic genes expressed highly. As for 30 minutes, in both two groups liver tissue genes expressed to the peak, and the genes related to cell death, oxidative stress and nuclear factors expressed highly. The difference lies in the facts that in Group B pro-apoptosis genes expressed more than those in Group A, and the Ratio values were higher than those in Group A. Many genes of heat shock protein family and antioxidant proteins expressed highly simultaneously in Group A, but comparatively low in Group B. As for 45 minutes, genes of heat shock proteins and antioxidant proteins expressed lowly in Group B.

CONCLUSIONSIt suggests that the safe time limit of hepatic ischemia for cell survive is 30 minutes or so. Non-hepatocirrhosis tissues could endure 30 minutes of ischemia and even longer, but it should be restricted within 30 minutes in hepatocirrhosis tissues.

Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Ischemia ; genetics ; Liver ; blood supply ; metabolism ; Liver Cirrhosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo find out the feasibility of tendon engineering in vitro using expanded tenocytes and polyglycolic acids (PGA).

METHODSTenocytes were isolated using tissue explant method and expanded in vitro. Tenocytes (20 x 10(6)) at the second passage were collected and then seeded onto PGA unwoven fibers to form a cell-scaffold construct in a shape of tendon. The constructs were cultured in DMEM with 20% FBS for 1 week. The cell-scaffold constructs were then cultured under constant tension generated by a U-shaped spring (n = 5), which served as experimental group, or cultured without tension (n = 4), which served as control group 1. PGA fibers alone were cultured (n = 3), which served as control group 2. Small fragments at the end of the constructs were harvested at 2, 4 and 6 weeks respectively for histological and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. Six-week samples were also evaluated by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and mechanical test.

RESULTSNo obvious difference was observed among the three groups at 2 weeks grossly and histologically as the constructs remained to be mainly undegraded PGA fibers. By 4 weeks, a neo-tendon was formed in the experimental group and control group 1 grossly, and histology and IHC revealed the formation of collagen fibers. In contrast, PGA fibers alone in control group 2 were mostly degraded. At 6 weeks, tendons of control group 1 were much thicker [(2.55 +/- 0.18) mm in diameter] than those of experimental group [(1.44 +/- 0.13) mm in diameter]. Periodical striae were observed in collagen fibers of experimental group and control group 1 by TEM. However, histology of tendons in experimental group revealed longitudinally aliened collagen fibers, which resembled the structure of normal tendon more closely than that of control group 1 tendons. Furthermore, the maximum tensile stress (N/mm(2)) of experimental group (1.107 +/- 0.327) was greater than that of control group 1 (0.294 +/- 0.138) (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIt is possible to use an engineering to construct tendon tissue in vitro. Periodical strain generated by bioreactor may be the optimal mechanical stimulation, which is currently under investigation.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Polyglycolic Acid ; Tendons ; cytology ; growth & development ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of anti-ABL tyrosine kinase intrabody on the growth of human chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cells in nude mice.

METHODSA recombinant retroviral vector MSCV-ibE-IRES-eGFP was constructed to express intracellular single-chain antibody (intrabody) against ABL tyrosine kinase domain in CML cells. K562 cells were transduced with the retrovirus, eGFP+ cells were then selected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). The intrabody mRNA expression was determined by reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). BCR/ABL and c-ABL protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activity in the cells was examined. Transduced cells and control group K562 cells were transplanted into nude mice respectively and the tumor sizes were dynamically observed.

RESULTSK562-ibE cell was obtained. Expression of the BCR/ABL and c-ABL protein tyrosine kinase activity of harvested K562-ibE cells were markedly inhibited. At 14, 21 and 28 days after cell injection, the tumor volumes of experimental mice were obviously smaller than that of control mice, about one half of the control groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe growth of K562-ibE cells was significantly inhibited in vivo. It is possible that inhibition of the BCR/ABL protein tyrosine kinase activity by the intrabody blocked BCR/ABL signal transduction pathway, promoted apoptosis and reduced tumorigenicity of K562 cells in vivo.

Animals ; Antibodies ; genetics ; Apoptosis ; Cell Division ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; immunology ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl ; genetics ; immunology ; Retroviridae ; genetics

BACKGROUNDThe ADRA2B gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism is associated with various cardiovascular and metabolic phenotypes. Large (C1) and small (C2) artery compliance, assessed by pulse wave analysis, is considered as sensitive markers or risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Therefore whether the ADRA2B I/D polymorphism is associated with C1 and C2 need to be investigated.

METHODSA total of 227 men and 243 women were enrolled in a Chinese family-based study. C1 and C2 were measured by pulse wave analysis. ADRA2B genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Statistical methods included generalized estimation equations and quantitative transmission disequilibrium test.

RESULTSThe II (31.9%), ID (46.8%) and DD (21.3%) genotype frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P = 0.73). The covariates selected by stepwise regression for C1 and C2 were age, systolic pressure and gender. The population based association analysis showed that C1 and C2 were not associated with ADRA2B genotype both before (C1: P = 0.28; C2: P = 0.27) and after (C1: P = 0.58; C2: P = 0.18) the adjustment. The family-based analyses of 128 informative offspring showed that transmission of the D-allele was not associated with C1 or C2, both before (C1: P = 0.42; C2: P = 0.85) and after (C1: P = 0.31; C2: P = 0.82) the adjustment.

CONCLUSIONThe study do not support that the ADRA2B gene I/D polymorphism has a major gene effect on C1 or C2 in the Chinese population of current sample size.

Adult ; Aged ; Arteries ; physiology ; Blood Pressure ; Compliance ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo summarize the experience of lymph node dissection patterns in hand-assisted laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.

METHODSOne hundred and eleven patients with gastric carcinoma between December 2010 and September 2012 were operated by hand-assisted laparoscopic system designed by us. Clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. The lymph nodes were dissected from left to right together with total tumor resection(reverse lymph nodes scavenge pattern), then digestive tract was reconstructed.

RESULTSTotal gastrectomy, distal gastrectomy and proximal gastrectomy were performed in 57, 46 and 8 cases respectively. Combined cholecystectomy and lateral segment of left liver lobe were needed in 4 and 2 patients respectively, and 1 case underwent combined splenectomy and pancreatic body and tail resection. TNM staging of patients in I(, II(, III(A, III(B, and IIII( were 16, 8, 35, 14, and 38, respectively. Histological type was poorly differentiated in 78 cases, moderate differentiation in 26 cases and good differentiation in 7 cases. The incision length was(6.8±0.3) cm, blood loss was(238.4±113.6) ml, operative time was (171.9±23.3) min, number of removed lymph node was 17.2±5.7, hospital stay was (10.1±3.7) d, postoperative complication rate was 9.0%. One case died during perioperative time.

CONCLUSIONSHand-assisted laparoscopic D2 radical gastrectomy(reverse lymph nodes scavenge pattern) can avoid the multiple conversion of open-laparoscopic operation model, and is beneficial to the standardization for surgical procedure.

Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Staging ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo explore a method which can remove the gastric mucus in order to prepare mucous membrane single cell suspension for the research of cytomics.

METHODSEnzymology was used to remove the mucus gel and to separate mucous layer from the normal fresh gastric tissue. The mucous layer was broken to prepare single cell suspension with machine method. Expression of major cyclins in mucous layer cells was examined by cytoimmunochemistry, flow cytometry(FCM) and confocal microscopy.

RESULTSThe 0.1% pepsin could dissolve the mucus gel and 1.2-2.4 U/L dispase could separate the mucous layer completely. The single mucous cell suspension was prepared successfully. FCM results from mucous single cell suspension revealed that expression of cyclin D(3), B(1) was obvious, that of cyclin D(2) was weak and that of cyclin D(1), A, E was the least. Similar results were found with confocal microscopy.

CONCLUSIONSSingle cell suspension from mucous layer can be easily prepared by pepsin and dispase. Cyclins schedule expression in vivo is different from cyclins schedule expression in vitro.

Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclins ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Gastric Mucins ; metabolism ; Gastric Mucosa ; cytology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; cytology ; metabolism