Objective To explore the effectiveness of the unsaturated disaccharides derived from chondroitin sulfate(CS)in urine using post column derivation fluorometric method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Methods Urine samples were prepared with the centrifugal flirtation and the routine precipitation methods separately,then digest the sample with CS lyses,use the post column derivation method of HPLC to fluorometric determine the unsaturated disaecharides(△Di-0S,△Di-4S and △Di-6S),compare the recovery differences of the CS standard in the urine pretreated by the two methods.Results The HPLC system ran well,the lowest detection limit of the method was 10 ng.When the urine was pretreated by the centrifugal flirtation method,the recovery of △Di-0S,△Di-4S and △Di-6S produced from the CS standard were 86.93%,87.28%and 85.03%,respectively,while the recovery of the three disaccharides in routine precipitation method were 75.09%,72.96%and 77.70%merely.Conclusions The HPLC post column derivatization fluorometric method is comparatively sensitive,it can be used to determine unsaturated disaccharides decomposed by CS.In the pretreatment procedure of the urine,the centrifugal flirtation method was superior to the routine precipitation method,it can be used as microdetermination for the unsaturated disaccharides.

0.05).However,the shorter the history of the disease,the better the efficacy of the treatment.The younger the patient was,the better the efficacy of the treatment.Conclusions Vulva dystrophy can be treated with focused ultrasound effectively and safely.This approach appears to be a new promising treatment method.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effect and safety of the no-flip method versus the external method in Shang Ring circumcision.

METHODSWe searched relevant randomized controlled trials published in China and abroad comparing the no-flip method and external method of Shang Ring circumcision. Based on the Cochrane Handbook for systematic review, two reviewers independently eval- uated the quality of the included studies and abstracted relevant data, followed by a meta-analysis using the statistical software Review Manager 5.1.0.

RESULTSTotally 7 studies with 1 200 cases were included. Compared with the external method, the no-flip method was associated with a lower total rate of complications (RR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.87, P = 0.02), a lower incidence of postop- erative edema (RR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.81, P = 0.02), and a lower 24 h postoperative pain score (MD = -0.35, 95% CI: -0.55, -0.14, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe no-flip method of Shang Ring circumcision was superior to the external method for its advantages of fewer complications, lower incidence of postoperative edema, and mild postoperative pain. However, our findings need further support by more high-quality randomized controlled trials.

China ; Circumcision, Male ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Edema ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative ; epidemiology ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

In order to provide plenty of information about the relationship between its structure and function,the structure of a novel housefly pupae D-galactose binding lectin with the molecular weight 55kDa and immune acitivity was analyzed preliminarily.In the first place,oligosaccharide chain was confirmed to be existed in this kind of novel housefly pupae lectin by the method of gel staining,and then its structure was analyzed with the help of protein sequencing instrument,spectrophotometer color contrast,?-elimination reaction,infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy.This kind lectin was a global-shaped monomer with the diameter 75 nm or so and the protein and oligosaccharide content 97.36% and 2.1% respectively.Peptide chain and oligosaccharide chain was linked by O-glycoside bond with the N-terminal blocked and the sugar ring alpinum type.All above was the reliable theory for further analysis of structure.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the treatment strategy of severe hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) cases, prevent the severe cases from progressing to fatal condition and enhance the survival rate of critically ill patients.

METHODSEighty HFMD cases were divided into four groups, A, B, C and D, according to the severity of patients' nervous system manifestation and other system involved. Different intensive care and treatments were used and the effect and outcome were analyzed for each group. All statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS software 13.0. One-way ANOVA and Chi-square test were used for data analysis.

RESULTSThe most common symptoms were continuous fever (69/70) and myoclonic jerk (67/70). The fewer the rashes were, the more severe the patient's condition was, heart rate >200/min, hypertension, increase of white blood cells in peripheral blood and hyperglycemia were common in patients with lesions in brain stem and pulmonary edema. There were no relations between patient's conditions and CSF white blood cells and CRP. CNS involvement was highly associated with EV71 infection. There were 69 cases in group A, B and C in total and all recovered. Of 11 patients in group D, 6 got complicated neurogenic pulmonary edema and circulatory failure, 2 cases died and 9 cases survived, 8 cases recovered without sequelae while one case had sequelae of mental retardation and dyscinesia.

CONCLUSIONAdministration of mannitol, methylprednisolone, IVIG and other supportive treatments in time and reasonably might have advantages in avoiding aggravation of the condition and enhancing the rate of successful rescue in patients with nervous system involvement.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Critical Care ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Humans ; Infant ; Intensive Care Units, Pediatric ; Male ; Nervous System ; virology ; Survival Rate

Prostate cancer(PCa)is currently the second most common malignancy in men worldwide,and its incidence rate is on the rise.Most cases of PCa are treated by radical prostatectomy,but with the development of medical imaging and innovation in therapeutic theories and technology,focal therapy has shown better application prospects in the treatment of PCa.Compared with radi-cal prostatectomy,focal therapy yields satisfactory results in terms of effectiveness and reduction of complications in addition to avoid-ance of overtreatment and treatment-related financial burden.This article reviews the strategies of focal therapy for PCa,including cryo-ablation,high-intensity focused ultrasound,irreversible electroporation,and photodynamic therapy,with an analysis of the clinical tri-als in recent years.

FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21) is a recently described member of the FGF family. It has been previously demonstrated that FGF21 is a potent regulator of glucose homeostasis. To improve stability of FGF21 for better efficacy, a new form of recombinant FGF21 was generated by fusion of a full length FGF21 gene and the Fc fragment of human IgG4 with flexible linker sequence. To examine the glucose regulation activity of FGF21-L-Fc, 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were differentiated into adipocytes, and glucose uptake activity of FGF21-L-Fc was examined by glucose oxidase and peroxidase (GOD-POD) assay. The results showed that in comparison with wild type FGF21, FGF21-L-Fc was more potent in stimulation of glucose uptake by 3T3-L1. In vivo studies on the modified protein demonstrated that FGF-L-Fc had a better efficacy in lowering blood glucose of the STZ-induced diabetic animals and controlled glucose level for a longer time. The results provided a sound basis for further studies.
3T3-L1 Cells ; Adipocytes ; metabolism ; Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Immunoglobulin G ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of anti-ABL tyrosine kinase intrabody on the growth of human chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cells in nude mice.

METHODSA recombinant retroviral vector MSCV-ibE-IRES-eGFP was constructed to express intracellular single-chain antibody (intrabody) against ABL tyrosine kinase domain in CML cells. K562 cells were transduced with the retrovirus, eGFP+ cells were then selected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). The intrabody mRNA expression was determined by reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). BCR/ABL and c-ABL protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activity in the cells was examined. Transduced cells and control group K562 cells were transplanted into nude mice respectively and the tumor sizes were dynamically observed.

RESULTSK562-ibE cell was obtained. Expression of the BCR/ABL and c-ABL protein tyrosine kinase activity of harvested K562-ibE cells were markedly inhibited. At 14, 21 and 28 days after cell injection, the tumor volumes of experimental mice were obviously smaller than that of control mice, about one half of the control groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe growth of K562-ibE cells was significantly inhibited in vivo. It is possible that inhibition of the BCR/ABL protein tyrosine kinase activity by the intrabody blocked BCR/ABL signal transduction pathway, promoted apoptosis and reduced tumorigenicity of K562 cells in vivo.

Animals ; Antibodies ; genetics ; Apoptosis ; Cell Division ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; immunology ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl ; genetics ; immunology ; Retroviridae ; genetics

Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning ; Fatty Liver ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; therapeutic use ; Ligands ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo study the feasibility of binding pancreatic duct to mucosa anastomosis (BDM)-a complementary procedure to both binding pancreaticojejunostomy and binding pancreaticogastrostomy.

METHODS(1) Animal experimental study:gastrostomy and jejunostomy were performed on six adult New Zealand rabbits. The gastrostomy and jejunostomy shared a same stent (rubber urethral catheter, silicone tube or plastic infusion tube). Both ends of the stent were placed in gastric and enteric cavity. Purse-string suture was performed around the stent before the jejunum and the stomach were brought together for fixation by few stitches. And to observe whether the purse-string suture around a plastic tube, rubber tube or silicon tube inserted into jejunum and/or stomach can prevent leaking out of the jejunal or gastric content to cause peritonitis. (2) Clinically 7 patients were performed with BDM anastomosis. The procedure was consisted of five steps: preparation of the pancreatic stump;preparation of the jejunum; preparation of the fixing sutures between the pancreatic stump and the jejunum; implementation of the anastomosis; lastly, fixation of the jejunum beside the pancreas stump. Post-operative periodic examination of the blood amylase and the amylase in the abdominal drainage. Pancreatic fistula was classified in to two categories: parenchymal fistula (pancreatic cut surface fistula) and anastomotic leakage.

RESULTSAnimal experiment did not show any leakage around the plastic tube or silicon tube inserted into jejunum and(or) stomach. There was no anastomotic leak in all the patients. There was transient increase of amylase in two cases, but the volume of drainage did not exceed 50 ml/d and the recovery of the patients was not affected.

CONCLUSIONSBDM is a simple, safe and easy procedure to perform. It provides to the surgeons with a new option in different situations to achieve the most ideal surgical result.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; methods ; Animals ; Gastric Mucosa ; surgery ; Intestinal Mucosa ; surgery ; Pancreatic Ducts ; surgery ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; methods ; Pancreaticojejunostomy ; methods ; Rabbits