Objective To evaluate the value of lymphoscintigraphy in diagnosis of chylous ascites in children.Methods Lymphoscintigraphy was done in 6 cases,computed tomography(CT) was done in 4 cases,X-ray exam was done 42 times.And their video repore were compared.Results Lymphoscintigraphy was done in 6 cases,5 cases′ results were positive which diagnosed chylous ascites,and their leaking positions were also found.Conclusion Lymphoscintigraphy has the qualitative and orientational effect on diagnosis of children with chylous ascites.

Objective To investigate the importance of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in the development of quinolone resistance in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria.Methods A total of 541 consecutive clinical isolates of gram-negative ba- cilli resistant or intermediate to ciprofloxacin were screened for the qnrA gene by PCR.Conjugation experiments were carried out with azide-resistant E.coli J53 as a recipient.The aac(6')-Ib-cr gene was detected.The mutations in the quinolone-resist- ance-determining region (QRDR) of the gyrA and parC genes were identified in qnrA positive strains.Results qnrA was identi- fied in 7 of the 541 strains.Among the qnrA positive strains,5 were Enterobacter cloacae.No qnrA was detected in nonfer- menters.Quinolone resistance was transferred in 4 of 7 qnrA positive strains.Transconjugants had 12-to 125-fold increases in MIC of ciprofloxacin relative to that of the recipient.Seven strains contained qnrA with a nucleotide sequence identical to that originally reported.Two transconjugants with higher ciprofloxacin MICs contained aac(6')-Ib-cr gene.Mutations occurred in the QRDR of the gyrA and parC genes in 5 PCR-positive clinical strains.Conclusions Transferable plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance associated with qnrA is highly prevalent in clinical strains of Enterobacter spp.aac(6')-Ib-cr gene and mutations in the quinolone targets may co-exist with qnrA,which may contribute to the further increase of resistance to quinolones.

Objective To investigate the regulatory role of polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1) gene in the proliferation of human glioma cells. Methods Five small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting PLK1 gene were designed and synthesized according to PLK1 mRNA sequence. After transfection of human glioma TJ905 cells with the siRNAs, real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to examine the changes in PLK1 gene expression in the cells. The growth of the transfected cells was evaluated by MTT assay and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein expression determined using Western blotting. Telomeric repeat amplification protocol-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TRAP-ELISA) was used to detect the changes in telomerase activity of the transfected cells. Results All the five siRNAs were capable of suppressing PLK1 mRNA expression in TJ905 cells, among which the P4 siRNA showed the strongest effect by reducing the PLK1 mRNA level by 93% 48 h after transfection at the concentration of 100 nmol/L. Compared with the oligofecamine control group cells the protein expression of PLK1 in TJ905 cancer cells transfected with P4 siRNA was also siguifieantly down-regulated. Transfection with P4 siRNA resulted in significant dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the proliferation and PCNA protein expression of TJ905 cells as compared to oligofecamine control group. The results of TRAP-ELISA showed obvious time- and dose-dependent inhibition of telomerase activity in the transfected cells as compared to oligofecamine control group. Conclusion PKL1 gene plays an important regulatory role in the proliferation of human glioma cells, and RNA interference of PLK1 gene can inhibit the cell proliferation possibly by suppressing the telomerase activity.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical application value of 8.5/11.5 F transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of refractory hematospermia.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 78 cases of refractory hematospermia diagnosed and treated by 8.5/11.5 F transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy from June 2012 to June 2014. The patients underwent serum PSA examination, transrectal ultrasonography, seminal vesicle ultrasonography, and pelvis CT or MRI before surgery, and all received transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy under the 8.5/11.5 F rigid ureteroscope.

RESULTSOperations were all successfully accomplished, which revealed abnormal opening of the ejaculatory duct in 5 cases, mucosal inflammatory hyperemia in the prostatic utricle and seminal vesicle in 78, dark red mucilage substance in the seminal vesicle in 34, seminal vesicle stones in 19, small polyp in the seminal vesicle in 2, and ejaculatory duct or seminal vesicle cyst in 4. All the patients received symptomatic treatment during the surgery. After surgery, hematouria was found in 13 cases, which disappeared within 2 weeks, pelvic hematoma in 1 case, which was cured by conservative treatment within 3 months, and epididymitis in 2 cases, which was controlled by anti-infection treatment. Hematospermia recurred in 3 cases during the 1-year postoperative follow-up.

CONCLUSION8.5/11.5 F transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy, with its advantages of easy operation, wide field of vision, large channel for operation, and few complications, deserves general clinical application in the diagnosis and treatment of refractory hematospermia.

Calculi ; Ejaculatory Ducts ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Epididymitis ; etiology ; Hemospermia ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Seminal Vesicles ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urethra

OBJECTIVETo screen for the differential protein peaks of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using magnetic beads-based matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).

METHODSSerum proteins were profiled by magnetic beads (WCX) from 62 RCC patients and 37 patients with benign renal space-occupying lesions. Protein peaks were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. Data were analyzed with Biomarker Wizard 3.1 and Biomarker Patterns Software 5.0. Diagnostic model for RCC was constructed based on 47 RCC cases and 26 patients with benign renal space-occupying lesions. The remaining 26 cases were evaluated with blind method.

RESULTSSeven differential protein peaks related to RCC were identified (Pβ0.05). The diagnostic model for RCC constructed by the differential protein peaks (m/z 2945.35, 15340.8, 6984.51, and 5819.23) generated excellent separation between the RCC and control groups, with a sensitivity of 83.0% and the specificity of 84.6%. As validated by blind method, the model had a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 81.8%.

CONCLUSIONDifferential protein peaks for RCC can be identified in serum by magnetic beads-based MALDI-TOF-MS, which is also valuable for the establishment of a RCC diagnostic model with a high sensitivity and specificity.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; Blood Proteins ; analysis ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; blood ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proteomics ; methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the feasibility of regenerating a whole menisci using poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) scaffolds loaded with meniscal cells in rabbits undergoing total meniscectomy, and to explore its protective effect on cartilage degeneration.

METHODSA solvent casting and particulate leaching technique was employed to fabricate biodegradable PHBV scaffolds into a meniscal shape. The proliferated meniscal cells were seeded onto the polymer scaffolds, transplanted into rabbit knee joints whose lateral menisci had been removed. Eight to 18 weeks after transplantation, the rege- nerated neomenisci were evaluated by gross and histological observations. Cartilage degeneration was assessed by Mankin score.

RESULTSEighteen weeks after transplantation, the implants formed neomenisci. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining of the neomenisci sections revealed regeneration of fibrocartilage. Type I collagen in the neomenisci was also proved similar to normal meniscal tissue by immunohistochemical analysis and Sirius scarlet trinitrophenol staining. Articular cartilage degeneration was observed 8 weeks after implantation. It was less severe as compared with that in total meniscectomy controls and no further degeneration was observed at 18 weeks. At that time, the regenerated neomenisci strongly resembled normal meniscal fibrocartilage in gross and histological appearance, and its mechanical property was also close to that of normal meniscus.

CONCLUSIONSThe present study demonstrates the feasibility of tissue-engineering a whole meniscal structure in total meniscectomy rabbit models using biodegradable PHBV scaffolds together with cultured allogeneic meniscal cells. Cartilage degeneration is decreased. But long-term in vivo investigations on the histological structure and cartilage degeneration of the neomenisci regenerated by this method are still necessary to determine the clinical potential of this tissue engineering avenue.

Animals ; Cartilage, Articular ; Cells, Cultured ; Knee Joint ; Menisci, Tibial ; Polymers ; Regeneration ; Tissue Engineering

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility and the result for the surgical treatment of spastic cerebral paralysis of the upper limbs in patients who underwent the selective cervical dorsal root cutting off part of the vertebral lateral mass fixation combined with exercise therapy.

METHODSFrom March 2004 to April 2008, 27 patients included 19 boys and 8 girls, aging 13-21 years with an average of 15 years underwent selective cervical dorsal root cutting off part of the vertebral lateral mass fixation with exercise therapy. The AXIS 8 holes titanium plate was inserted into the lateral mass of spinous process through guidance of the nerve stimulator, choosed fasciculus of low-threshold nerve dorsal root and cut off its 1.5 cm. After two weeks, training exercise therapy was done in patients. Training will include lying position, turning body, sitting position, crawling, kneeling and standing position, walking and so on. Spastic Bobath inhibiting abnormal pattern was done in the whole process of training. The muscular tension, motor function (GMFM), functional independence (WeeFIM) were observed after treatment.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 4 to 16 months with an average of 6 months. Muscular tension score were respectively 3.30 +/- 0.47 and 1.25 +/- 0.44 before and after treatment;GMFM score were respectively 107.82 +/- 55.17 and 131.28 +/- 46.45; WeeFIM score were respectively 57.61 +/- 25.51 and 87.91 +/- 22.39. There was significant improvement before and after treatment (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSelective cervical dorsal root cutting off part of the vertebral lateral mass fixation combined with exercise therapy was used to treat spastic cerebral paralysis of the upper limbs is safe and effective method, which can decrease muscular tension and improve motor function, which deserves more wide use.

Adolescent ; Arm ; physiopathology ; Cerebral Palsy ; complications ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle Spasticity ; etiology ; physiopathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Paralysis ; etiology ; physiopathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Spinal Nerve Roots ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the role of survivin gene in the invasive behavior of glioma cells and explore the possible mechanism.

METHODSThe mRNA and protein expressions of survivin in glioma cell line SNB19 transfected by small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting survivin were determined by real time RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The anchorage-independent growth of the cells was examined by clone formation assay in soft agar, and their invasiveness was evaluated using a Boyden chamber model. The protein level of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) was also determined by western blotting.

RESULTSSurvivin siRNA dose-dependently inhibited the anchorage-independent growth and invasiveness and reduced the expression of uPA protein in SNB19 cells.

CONCLUSIONRNA interference targeting survivin can inhibit the invasiveness of glioma cells in vitro possibly by down-regulating uPA expression.

Brain Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Glioma ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator ; genetics ; metabolism

AIMTo evaluate the in vitro/in vivo correlation for three kinds of self-designed sustained-release nitrendipine formulations using deconvolution method.

METHODSThe characteristics of in vivo release were calculated by deconvolution method using the data of plasma concentration of three kinds of self-designed sustained-release nitrendipine formulations in healthy dogs, in which the in vivo results of nitrendipine solution after oral administrated to dogs were used as weight function. It was the compared with characteristics of in vitro release to assess the in vitro/in vivo correlations.

RESULTSThe good correlations of in vitro/in vivo were shown in three kinds of self-designed sustained-release nitrendipine formulations using deconvolution method.

CONCLUSIONThe deconvolution method exhibited advantage in evaluation of in vitro/in vivo correlation for self-designed sustained-release nitrendipine formulations.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Dogs ; Methylcellulose ; analogs & derivatives ; Microspheres ; Nitrendipine ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Powders ; Silicone Gels ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

OBJECTIVETo improve the early diagnosis and therapeutic outcomes of testicular torsion.

METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 49 cases of testicular torsion along with the results of their intratesticular color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and spermatic cord sonography.

RESULTSOf the 49 cases, 42 showed abnormal intratesticular blood flow, including 3 cases of increased blood flow, while the other 7 presented no obvious abnormality. Morphological abnormality of the spermatic cord was found in 47 cases. Twenty-eight cases underwent testis removal, and the other 21 received detorsion and orchidopexy, in which 12 testes were preserved with normal size and blood flow.

CONCLUSIONSpermatic cord sonography and intratesticular CDFI play an important role in the early diagnosis of testicular torsion. And early surgical exploration contributes to the preservation of the testis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orchiopexy ; Retrospective Studies ; Spermatic Cord ; diagnostic imaging ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Ultrasonography, Doppler ; Young Adult