OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical application value of 8.5/11.5 F transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of refractory hematospermia.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 78 cases of refractory hematospermia diagnosed and treated by 8.5/11.5 F transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy from June 2012 to June 2014. The patients underwent serum PSA examination, transrectal ultrasonography, seminal vesicle ultrasonography, and pelvis CT or MRI before surgery, and all received transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy under the 8.5/11.5 F rigid ureteroscope.

RESULTSOperations were all successfully accomplished, which revealed abnormal opening of the ejaculatory duct in 5 cases, mucosal inflammatory hyperemia in the prostatic utricle and seminal vesicle in 78, dark red mucilage substance in the seminal vesicle in 34, seminal vesicle stones in 19, small polyp in the seminal vesicle in 2, and ejaculatory duct or seminal vesicle cyst in 4. All the patients received symptomatic treatment during the surgery. After surgery, hematouria was found in 13 cases, which disappeared within 2 weeks, pelvic hematoma in 1 case, which was cured by conservative treatment within 3 months, and epididymitis in 2 cases, which was controlled by anti-infection treatment. Hematospermia recurred in 3 cases during the 1-year postoperative follow-up.

CONCLUSION8.5/11.5 F transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy, with its advantages of easy operation, wide field of vision, large channel for operation, and few complications, deserves general clinical application in the diagnosis and treatment of refractory hematospermia.

Calculi ; Ejaculatory Ducts ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Epididymitis ; etiology ; Hemospermia ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Seminal Vesicles ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urethra

AIM To optimize the subcritical aqueous extraction for polysaccharides from the leaves of Punica granatum L.and to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity.METHODS With reaction pressure,solid-liquid ratio,extraction time and extraction temperature as influencing factors,yield of polysaccharides as an evalution index,the extraction was optimized by Box-Behnken method on the basis of single factor test.Then the scavenging effects of polysaccharides on hydroxyl free radical,superoxide anion and DPPH free radical were detected.RESULTS The optimal conditions were determined to be 5 MPa for reaction pressure,1 ∶ 27 for solid-liquid ratio,11 min for extraction time,and 155 ℃ for extraction temperature,the yield of polysaccharides was 1.809％.There was a dose-effect relationship between scavenging rate and polysaccharides' concentration.0.1 mg/mL Polysaccharides displayed the strongest scavenging effects on hydroxyl free radical,superoxide anion and DPPH free radical with the clearance rates of 57.36％,70.51％ and 58.02％,respectively.CONCLUSION This stable and reliable method can be used for the subcritical aqueous extraction for polysaccharides from P.granatum leaves with obvious in vitro antioxidant activity.

OBJECTIVETo explore and evaluate the feasibility, safety, radicality and the short-term outcome of minimally invasive esophagectomy versus open esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

METHODSFrom July 2007 to October 2009, 67 patients with esophageal cancer received minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE group), while 38 patients underwent conventional open esophagectomy (OE group: via right thorax, abdomen, left neck). The operative procedures, clinicopathological data and short-term outcome were collected and compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe clinical data of the two groups were comparable. No significant differences was found in demographics between the two groups. Median blood loss in MIE group was less than that in OE group (chest: 112.3 ml vs. 175.3 ml, P = 0.035, abdominal: 31.4 ml vs. 100.5 ml, P = 0.026). More patients in OE group were transferred to ICU (P = 0.042) and more obvious pain (P = 0.005). The rate of pulmonary infection and intestinal obstruction in OE group were higher than MIE group (P = 0.046 and 0.045). There were no differences in the number of lymph node dissection for two groups, the average was 20.9 and lymph node metastasis rate was 26.9% in MIE group. Mean follow up was (14.0 ± 2.2) months (range, 2 to 29 months). Recurrence rate and survival rate were no differences.

CONCLUSIONThe Minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer is feasible, safe, and reliable short-term effect, and can achieve radical tumor resection, which may lead to better future of surgical treatment for esophageal carcinoma.

Aged ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Esophagectomy ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Thoracoscopy ; Treatment Outcome

Adult ; Diaphragm ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Mediastinal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Neurilemmoma ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo confirm alternative methods for Mandarin hearing in noise test (MHINT) to get the performance-intensity (PI) function, and to set up right test rules for scoring sentence intelligibility for subjects.

METHODSSentence speech reception thresholds were obtained for 30 normally hearing subjects with the MHINT test using several adaptive rules based on either character or word segmentation of the sentences. Each adaptive rule was intended to measure the threshold at a different point on the PI function. By also measuring sentence intelligibility at each threshold, the accuracy with which the PI function was estimated could be evaluated for each type of segmentation. The results of different segmentation were compared.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in the reception threshold of sentences (RTS) between the group which used character segmentation and the group which used word segmentation (P > 0.05); and also no significant difference in their speech recognition score (SRS, P > 0.05). When the same subject used both character segmentation and word segmentation to do the test, there was no significant difference in their RTS between character segmentation and word segmentation (P > 0.05); and also no significant difference in their SRS (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThis method could be used not only with normally hearing individuals and people with hearing loss to evaluate their sentence intelligibility, but also with people who had aided equipment.

Acoustic Stimulation ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Audiometry, Speech ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Language ; Male ; Speech Intelligibility ; Speech Perception ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)gene expression and biological effect after gene transfection into penumbra tissue in rat cerebral ischemic model.Methods Human HGF cDNA was ligated to pIRES2-EGFP vector.The recombinant plasmid was transfected into the penumbra tissue with liposome.Brains of treated and control animals were analyzed 7 days later.Expression of HGF protein was determined by fluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemistry.Vessel numbers were quantified.Changes of cerebral blood flow(CBF)was detected by CT perfusion.Results Enzymatic digestion and electrophoresis confirmed that HGF fragment had been correctly cloned into BamH I and Sal I sites of pIRES2-EGFP.After HGF gene transfection,expression of HGF in transfected neurocytes was observed with fluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemistry.The number of vessels was significantly increased in penumbra tissue transfected with HGF vector as compared with control vector(46.71?7.11, 20.43?3.21,18.00?3.27,respective,F = 74.447;P

Objective To clarify the genetic characteristics of N protein coding region of HRSV isolates from Beijing and GenBank downloaded sequences.Methods Reverse transciption polymerage chain reaction(RT- PCR)was performed to amplify the N protein gene of 2 A and 2 B subgroups HRSV isolates from Beijing in the year 2004.The RT-PCR products were sequenced for N protein coding region.The sequences of N protein coding region of 4 Beijing isolates and those downloaded from GenBank were compared and analyzed.Results The differences in number of nucleotide and deduced amino acid between 2 A Beijing 2004 isolates and prototype strain Long were 36.40(3.1%-3.4%)and 4(1.0%).The difierences in number of nucleotide and deduced amino acid between 2 B Beijing 2004 isolates and prototype strain CH18537 were 17(1.4%)and 1(0.3%).The differences in number of nucleotide and deduced amino acid were 3-172(0.25%-14.63%)and 0-18(0-4.6%)respectively between 4 Beijing 2004 isolates and GenBank sequences.Conclusion N gene is the hishly conservative gene in the HRSV genome.The variation between A and B subgroups were widely distributed in the entire gene of N protein,while the variation within the A or B subgroups HRSV wag considerably lower.

Objective To explore the problems and describe clinical experiences associated with multichannel cochlear implantation in patients with cochlear ossification.Methods Seven cochlear implant cases with bilateral cochlear ossification from 1996 to 2006 in Beijing Tongren Hospital were retrospectivly reviewed,4 of which were the consequence of meningitis.Three patients'cochlear were completely ossified,1 patient's tympanic scala was completely ossified,1 patient's cochlear was partially ossified,and 2 patients'cochlear were partially fibrotic.This article addressed the components of the preoperative evaluation,surgcal decision-making,and specific techniques for cochlear implant array insertion in all kinds of ossified cochlea.Results Gusher was foond in 1 case but less serious than that with inner ear malformations.The electrodes were inserted in the cochleostomy in full length in 4 cases,1 case gave up,and the cochlear implant array were partially inserted in the remains.No serious complications occurred after implantation.All patients had auditory sensations.The impedance of the electrodes,the T level,C level and the heating threshold were slightly higher than that of the normal cochlear implantation.Conclusions The key influencing factor of ossified cochlear patients were the degree of the disease and whether the electrode implanted completely or not.So,the profound sensorineural hearing loss patients after meningitis should be paled more attention.Patients with ossified cochlear could be benefit from cochlear implantation.

Objective To explore the electrophysiological results and rehabilitation outcome of two prelingually deafened pediatric cochlear implant patients with auditory neuropathy.Methods Preoperative audiological evaluation,intra-postoperative electrically evoked auditory brainstem response(EABR)and neural response telememetry(NRT)record for the two cases were conducted in Beijing Tongren Hospital.A one year follow-up was performed.Data collected before and at 6,12-month intervals after implantation were compared with that from control pediatric cochlear implant patients matched for the same duration of implant use as this two cases. Results The two children implanted had not had any postoperative medical or cochlear implant device complications. Intraoperative EABR and NRT were elicited in case 1 with unrepeatable waveforms. After 12 months of training,Case 1 had shown significant improvements in sound detection,speecn perception abilities and communication skills,which was better than the control group.and the eJectrophysiological results became normal.Case 2 had also benefited from cochlear implantation, even though no recognizable NRT was found until he returned 12 month after the operation.Conclusions The desynchronization of auditory path had been changed after the electrical stimulation ongoing 12 months for children with auditory neuropathy.The two children had not had any complications postoperatively,and eacn child had shown improved listening and communication skills. Cochlear implantation COUld help patients witn auditory neuropathy to improve their communication skill and go back to the main stream.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility,efficacy and safety of the percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) guided by computed tomography(CT) coronary angiography derived roadmap and magnetic navigation system(MNS).Methods During June 2011 and May 2012,thirty consecutive patients receiving elective PCI were enrolled,coronary artery disease was primarily diagnosed by dual-source CT coronary angiography(DSCT-CA) at outpatient clinic and successively proved by coronary artery angiography in the hospital.Target vessels from pre-procedure DSCT-CA were transferred to the magnetic navigation system,and consequently edited,reconstructed,and projected onto the live fluoroscopic screen as roadmaps.Parameters including characters of the target lesions,time,contrast volume,radiation dosage for guidewire crossing,and complications of the procedure were recorded.Results Thirty patients with 36 lesions were recruited and intervened by PCI.Among the target lesions,sixteen were classified as type A,11 as type B1,8 as type B2,1 as type C.The average length of the target lesions was (22.0 ± 9.8) mm,and the average stenosis of the target lesions was(81.3 ± 10.3)％.Under the guidance of CT roadmap and MNS,36 target lesions were crossed by the magnetic guidewires,with a lesion crossing ratio of 100％.The time of placement of the magnetic guidewires was 92.5 (56.6-131.3)seconds.The contrast volume and the radiation dosage for guidewire placement were 0.0 (0.0-3.0) ml and 235.0 (123.5-395.1) μGym2/36.5 (21.3-67.8)mGy,respectively.Guidewires were successfully placed in 21 (58.3％) lesions without contrast agent.All enrolled vessels were successfully treated,and there were no MNS associated complications.Conclusions It is feasible,effective and safe to initiate PCI under the guidance of CT derived roadmap and MNS.This method might be helpful for the guidewire placement in the treatment of total occlusions.