Phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) plays an important role in the proliferation,migration,differentiation,apoptosis and synapse establishment of nervous system.Elucidation of PTEN function is helpful to understand the mechanisms of neural development,and thus may find new therapies for diseases in central nervous system using PTEN as a target.

Adult ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; etiology ; Dinitrobenzenes ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; chemically induced

Epilepsy ; diet therapy ; metabolism ; Food-Drug Interactions ; Humans ; Ketone Bodies ; biosynthesis

BACKGROUND: At present, the traditional orthosis manufacturing technology needs a lot of time and materials. The larger expansion coefficient of gypsum and the springback of material cooling will reduce the accuracy of orthosis. Therefore, the application of computer-aided design technology and three-dimensional printing technology in the field of orthosis is booming. OBJECTIVE: Based on the concept of multidisciplinary collaboration, a new scoliosis orthopedic device was designed and manufactured by optical scanning, computer-aided design and 3D printing, and its correction effect was evaluated. METHODS: Seven adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients, who were treated in the Three-Dimensional Printing Center of Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University between March and October 2019, were enrolled in this study. The patient’s trunk was scanned with three-dimensional scanner. Virtual orthopedic treatment was conducted in Rodin4D software. Data were imported into Magics to carry out the hollow out design of orthosis, which was made by three-dimensional printing technology. Seven patients were followed up for 6 months after wearing orthopedic devices for more than 20 hours every day. The scoliosis before and after intervention was analyzed to observe the clinical efficacy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The contactless iPad scanner was successfully used for mold taking. The orthopedic model was designed in the French Rodin4D software, and the orthopedic model was hollowed-out by the Magics software. A suitable three-dimensional printed personalized scoliosis orthopedic device was produced through three-dimensional printing. (2) All the seven patients were improved significantly. Cobb angle before treatment was (29.43±7.68)°, and the angle of trunk inclination was (11.57±2.76)°. At 6 months after treatment, Cobb angle was (8.71±5.96)° (corrected 72%), and the angle of trunk inclination was (3.57±2.57)° (corrected 70%). The Cobb angle and angle of trunk inclination were significantly different before and after treatment (P < 0.01). (3) The digital medicine and 3D printing technology are applied in the field of rehabilitation AIDS, based on the concept of multidisciplinary collaboration. The production of personalized scoliosis orthopedic program is feasible, and the orthopedic rehabilitation effect is remarkable.

Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic techniques and image analysis were employed to investigate the regulation of cardiac AT1A and AT2 subtype receptors in rats during cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI). Positive immunostaining for AT1A and AT2 receptors was observed in myocytes and vessels with AT1A being more than AT2. Three days after MI, disappearance of myocardial cross striation and fibroblast hyperplasia were found with electron microscopy. AT1A receptor protein expression in myocardial noninfarcted portion notably increased compared with that in sham-operated control rats (P<0.001). No apparent changes were observed in AT2 receptor (P>0.05). Two weeks after MI, myocyte cross striation and collagen deposition were found. Meanwhile, AT1A receptor staining decreased compared with that of three days after MI (P<0.01), but there was still more than that of the control (P<0.05). AT2 receptor was significantly increased compared with that of the sham-operated control rats (P<0.001). These results suggust that both AT1A and AT2 receptor protein expression was upregulated in noninfarcted myocardium after MI, and the regulation of AT1A and AT2 receptors after MI may be involved in post-infarction cardiac remodeling.

Objective To detect the mutations of ATP2C1 gene in patients with Hailey-Hailey dis- ease (HHD).Methods PCR and direct sequencing were performed in 17 patients and 120 healthy controls to screen the mutations in the exons of ATP2C1 gene.Results Eight mutations were identified in nine probands, including three deletion mutations (nt1464-1487 del/nt1462-1485del,1523delAT,2375delTTGT),three splice site mutations (360—2A→G,1415—2A→T,2243+2T→C) and two missence mutations (C920T and G1942T).None of the above mutations was found in the controls.Conclusion Eight specific novel mutations were identified in nine probands of HHD,which could be causative factors of the disease.

Objective To study the sources and the relationship between the management and the outcome of hemorrhage after cephalic pancreatoduodenectomy.Methods The clinical data of 370 patients who underwent pancreatic resection at the Lihuili Hospital and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University were retrospectively analyzed.Results Postoperative bleeding occurred in 35 patients with 11 deaths.Among those intraabominal bleeding occurred in 14 cases and gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurred in 22,with one case suffering from both.Bleediug developing within 72 hours after operation in 12 cases (early-stage group),which was caused by improper intraoperative homeostasis.In other 23 cases,bleeding 72 hours after operation(later stage group)was caused by the erosion following pancreatic and/or bile leakage.Relaparotomy was performed in 13 cases and endoscopic homeostasis was performed in 3. Relaparotomy or endoscopic homeostasis was superior to that of conservative therapy in the early-stage group (P0.05).Pancreatic or bile leakage was identified as the significant risk factors for the postoperative bleeding.Conclusions In order to prevent the postoperative hemorrhage and to reduce the mortality of pancreatic resection,skillful techniques,expeditious homeostasis,proper management of stump pancreas and the prevention of pancreatic and bile leakage are essential.

Animals ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Catenins ; metabolism ; Estradiol ; pharmacology ; Estrogen Receptor Modulators ; pharmacology ; Female ; Ovariectomy ; Rats ; Uterus ; drug effects ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the immunohistochemical expression of OCT4, CD117 and CD30 in germ cell tumors and to assess their diagnostic value.

METHODSImmunohistochemical study for OCT4 was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of 63 cases of germ cell tumors, including seminoma (21), dysgerminoma (7), germinoma (8), embryonal carcinoma (8), yolk sac tumor (6), mature teratoma (10) and immature teratoma (3), as well as 25 cases of non-germ cell tumors, including granulosa cell tumor (8), clear cell adenocarcinoma (4), Leydig's cell tumor (5), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (4) and malignant melanoma (4). Besides, the expression of CD117 and CD30 in all germ cell tumors was studied.

RESULTSAll cases of seminoma and germinoma, 6/7 cases of dysgerminoma and 7/8 cases of embryonal carcinoma were positive for OCT4, with strong nuclear staining. All other germ cell tumors and non-germ cell tumors were negative for OCT4, except for 1 case of yolk sac tumor and 1 case of clear cell adenocarcinoma which showed weak staining. Positive membranous expression of CD117 was demonstrated in 19/21(90.5%) seminoma, 5/7 dysgerminoma and 7/8 germinoma. Focal weak membranous staining was also noted in 1 case of yolk sac tumor. The melanocytes in teratoma were also positive for CD117. All cases of embryonal carcinoma were negative. On the other hand, positive membranous expression of CD30 were demonstrated in 6/8 embryonal carcinoma. One case of germinoma and 1 case of yolk sac tumor showed weak cytoplasmic positivity. All cases of seminoma and dysgerminoma, 7/8 germinoma and all cases of teratoma were negative for CD30.

CONCLUSIONSOCT4 is a sensitive and relatively specific marker for diagnosing seminoma, dysgerminoma, germinoma and embryonal carcinoma. CD117 and CD30 immunostains, when used in combination, represent valuable tools for distinguishing embryonal carcinoma and seminoma, dysgerminoma, germinoma.

Carcinoma, Embryonal ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dysgerminoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Germinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Ki-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; metabolism ; pathology ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3 ; metabolism ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Seminoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Teratoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Testicular Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo assess the influence of growth hormone receptor (GHR) Ex3 genotype on the short-term response to recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy in children with idiopathic short stature (ISS).

METHODSThirty prepubertal children with ISS receiving rhGH treatment [0.116±0.02 IU/(kg/d)] were randomly recruited. The GHR Ex3 locus was genotyped using a PCR multiplex assay. The growth data including growth velocity, height SDS for chronological age (HtSDSCA), height SDS for bone age (HtSDSBA) and predict final height were compared in children with different GHR genotypes 6 months after rhGH treatment.

RESULTSAfter 6 months of rhGH treatment, the children with ISS carrying d3/d3 alleles showed a significantly higher increment in growth velocity than those carrying fl/fl alleles (6.3±1.6 cm/year vs 3.4±0.5 cm/year; P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe polymorphism in GHR Ex3 is associated with the responsiveness to rhGH treatment, showing that the growth velocity in ISS children with d3/d3 genotype is significantly higher than those with fl/fl genotype.

Child ; Exons ; Female ; Genotype ; Growth Disorders ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Human Growth Hormone ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Somatotropin ; genetics