Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators ; Endocannabinoids ; Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome ; metabolism

Avian influenza viruses (AIV) can cause serious economic losses and threaten to human health. The laboratory methods for rapid and accurate detecting AIV ensure timely implementation of intervention strategies so that it plays a key role in avian influenza prevention and control. The laboratory technologies for detecting AIV are topic subject and developed quickly those days. This paper reviews the advances of laboratory diagnosis technologies for AIV at 3 aspects of virus isolation, immunoassay and molecular diagnostics.

Humans ; Osteotomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Scoliosis ; surgery

Dust ; analysis ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Silicon Dioxide ; analysis

This article has elaborated the present situations and the existing problems,mentioned basic contents and methods and finally discussed thoughts in details on how to improve the teaching work supervision in vocational colleges and colleges.

OBJECTIVETo study immunomodulating activity of Lonicera Japonica flavone by investigating immune enzymatic activity of serum and antoxidized activity of lymphoid organs in mice.

METHODSFifty KM mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group(n = 10), respectively. And low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group were given Lonicera Japonica flavone with 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg every day, respectively, while control group and model group were administered with NS. After continuously giving drug 7 weeks, other groups were injected with Dexamethasome (Dex: 25 mg /kg) for 3 days by subcutaneous injection, but the control group were treated with NS. And after giving Lonicera Japonica flavone 1 week simultaneously, organ indexes , the activity of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and lysozyme (LSZ) in serum , and the content of monoamine oxidase (MAO), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in lymphoid organs in mice were tested, respectively.

RESULTSLonicera Japonica flavone could significantly improve the organ indexes, and significantly improve the activity of ACP, AKP and LSZ in serum, and significantly improve the contents of T-AOC and SOD, but reduce that of MAO and MDA in lymphoid organs in immunosuppressed mice.

CONCLUSIONIonicera Japonica flavone can significantly improve the activity of immune enzyme in serum and the antioxidized activity of lymphoid organs in mice. It suggests that Ionicera Japonica flavone has a good immunomodulatory effects.

Acid Phosphatase ; blood ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; blood ; Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Flavones ; pharmacology ; Immunomodulation ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Mice ; Monoamine Oxidase ; metabolism ; Muramidase ; blood ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Objective:To observe the change of periphery and centra lymphocyte subsets at the crest-time of MOG_(35-55) induced EAE disease in mice,and to explore the alteration of cellular immunity and humoral immunity in the invasion process in EAE.Methods:MOG_(35-55) was used to establish EAE model in femina C57BL/6 mice.The behavioral changes and the histological scores were recorded after the mice were immuned .The changes of CD3~+CD4~+,CD3~+CD8~+,CD4~+CD25~+ and B220~+ on periphery and centra lymphocytes in spleen,brain and spinal cord were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:The CD3~+CD4~+,CD3~+CD8~+,CD4~+CD25~+ and B220~+ lymphocytes were detected in the brain and spinal cord of EAE group mice,but they were not detected in CFA control group.The CD3~+CD4~+ and CD3+CD8+lymphocytes in the spleen of EAE crest-time group were lower than those in CFA control group(P＜0.05).The B220~+ lymphocytes were obviously higher than in the CFA control group (P＜0.01).And CD4~+CD25~+ lymphocytes were slight higher than the CFA control group.Conclusion:At the crest-time during EAE,the CD3~+CD4~+,CD3~+CD8~+lymphocytes of spleen reduced obviously,B220~+ lymphocytes increased markedly,and the CD4~+CD25~+ lymphocytes just have the increasing trend.It indicates that cellular immunity and humoral immunity coregulated the patho-process at the crest-time of EAE,T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes all played important roles in the pathogenesy of EAE.

Aging ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Testis ; drug effects ; metabolism

Objective To establish a method for the isolation of Zika virus and to gather experi-ences for viral isolation. Methods Suckling mice at age 1-3 days were inoculated with serum samples posi-tive for Zika virus through intracranial injection. All mice were sacrificed 6 days after the injection. Viral nu-cleic acids were extracted from brain, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, muscle, skin and intestine tissue samples and analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. The supernatants of brain tissues positive for Zika virus were used for subculturing. Nested PCR was performed to amplify the NS5 gene of the isolated virus. The se-quences of NS5 gene were analyzed by using MEGA6. 0 software. Results All of the tissue samples were positive for Zika virus. Higher viral loads were detected in heart and brain tissue samples with cycle thresh-old (Ct) values of 24. 4 and 25. 3, respectively. The second generation of Zika virus was identified in suck-ling mice brain tissues 2 days after infection by using real-time RT-PCR. The amplified product of nested PCR was 972 bp in length. Sequencing analysis showed that the isolated Zika virus ( GDZ16002 strain) be-longed to the Asian lineage. Conclusion A strain of Zika virus was successfully isolated in China by using intracranial injection via a suckling mouse model. The isolated Zika virus belonged to the Asian lineage.

Objective To provide scientific evidences for Zika virus detection by clarifying the means by which Zika virus was discharged and the duration of corresponding processes. Methods Various samples of Zika cases were collected at different times and detected by using real-time RT-PCR. The positive samples were inoculated into cells and suckling mice through intracranial injection. The whole genome se-quences of those isolated Zika virus strain were sequenced and the results were further analyzed by comparing with the sequences of Zika virus from GenBank. Results The positive rates of Zika virus in urine, saliva and serum samples were 82. 4% (14/17), 82. 4% (14/17) and 52. 9% (9/17) respectively. The longest period of detected presence of Zika virus was found in urine samples amongst the three types of samples, fol-lowed by saliva and serum samples. Six Zika virus strains were isolated from 9 positive serum samples. Phy-logenetic analysis showed that the six genomes of Zika virus all belonged to Asia lineage, but located in two branches by Samoa and Venezuela strains. Conclusion This study indicated that urine, saliva and serum all could be used as the samples for routine detection of Zika virus. Urine and saliva samples showed higher detection rates of Zika virus RNA in comparison to serum samples, while Zika virus could be easily isolated from positive serum samples. Suckling mice were better for Zika virus isolation than cell lines.