Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mandibulofacial Dysostosis

Malignant tumors are major diseases that endanger human health. Due to their complex and variable microenvironment, most anti-tumor drugs cannot precisely reach the focal tissue and be released in a controlled manner. Intelligent responsive nano carriers have become a hot spot in the field of anti-tumor drug delivery systems. As an excellent nano material, mesoporous silica has the advantages of non-toxic, stable, adjustable pore volume and pore diameter, and easy functional modification on the surface. By virtue of its perceptive response to the tumor microenvironment or physiological changes, it can achieve the targeted drug release or controlled drug release of the drug delivery system in the tissue, making it an ideal carrier for intelligent response drug delivery system. In this paper, we review the design strategies and current research status of smart responsive anti-tumor drug delivery systems based on mesoporous silica, in order to provide a reference for the development of anti-tumor drug nanoformulations.

Coix ; Epimedium ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Plant Leaves

BACKGROUNDNowadays it is now a focus topic in schistosomiasis research to find ideal vaccine candidates and new drug targets for developing anti-schistosomiasis vaccine. We cloned a new gene, casein kinase II beta subunit, of Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) and express it in Escherichia coli (E. coli).

METHODSThe ESTs obtained in our laboratory were analyzed by homologous searching, and a new gene was recognized. The full-length cDNA of the new gene was obtained by joining the 3'RACE PCR fragment and the EST clone. To express the new gene, the cDNA was cloned into pGEX-4T-1 vector and then transformed into E. coli JM109. The recombinant protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western-blot.

RESULTSA 908 bp cDNA was isolated from S. japonicum and identified to be casein kinase II beta subunit gene by sequence analysis. The open reading frame of the gene encodes a protein of 217 amino acids exhibiting 75.8%, 75.8%, 73.9%, 68.2%, 51.6% identity to the amino acids sequence of the corresponding genes of Homo sapiens (H. sapiens), Xenopus laevi (X. laevi), Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster), Caenorhabditis elegan (C. elegan), and Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S. promber) respectively. The predicted molecular weight of the protein was 24.921 kDa. The new cDNA sequence had been submitted to GenBank, and its accession number is AY241391. This cDNA was subcloned into the pGEX-4T-1 vector and expressed in E. coli JM109. The recombinant protein could be recognized by the S. japonicum infected rabbit serum.

CONCLUSIONThe full-length cDNA sequences encoding S. japonicum casein kinase II beta subunit were firstly sequenced, cloned, and expressed in E. coli.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Western ; Casein Kinase II ; chemistry ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Rabbits ; Schistosoma japonicum ; enzymology ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into epidermal-like stem cells.

METHODS(1) Human strain of iPSCs were plated on-to trophoblast of inactivated Fb strain of mouse embryos and cultured in complete medium of embryonic stem cells, iPSCs were subcultured by collagenase IV digestion method. The morphology and growth of iPSCs were observed under inverted phase contrast microscope, and the cells were stained with alkaline phosphatase (AKP). iPSCs were cultured in incomplete medium of embryonic stem cells to observe the ability of embryoid body formation. (2) Human iPSCs were inoculated onto 6-well plate covered with human amniotic membrane to culture as induction group. Other iPSCs were cultured on 6-well plate without human amniotic membrane as control group. Morphological changes in iPSCs in two groups were observed. Expressions of integrin beta1 and CK19 of iPSCs in two groups were determined by immunocytochemical staining.

RESULTSHuman iPSCs showed a typical stem cell clone-like growth with a clear boundary, and they proliferated vigorously in complete medium of embryonic stem cells. These cells were AKP-positive. iPSCs formed embryoid body in trophoblast-free and suspension culture conditions. After 4 days of co-culture, stem cell clones were formed on the surface of amniotic membrane in induction group, and part of the cells were integrin beta1 and CK19 positive. Most of the cells died, and no integrin beta1 and CK19 positive cells were found in control group.

CONCLUSIONSHuman iPSCs can be differentiated into epidermal-like stem cells by amniotic membrane induction, and it lays an experimental basis for providing new source of seed cells of skin tissue engineering.

Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Epidermis ; cytology ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; cytology ; Mice

OBJECTIVETo improve the diagnosis and treatment of testicular teratoma in children by analysis of clinical data.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data about 64 cases of testicular teratoma treated in the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 1995 to 2014.

RESULTSSixty-one of the cases presented painless scrotal mass with a sense of bearing down and the other 3 cases were confirmed because of empty scrotum diagnosed as cryptorchidism. The level of serum alpha fetal protein ( AFP) was obviously increased in 46 cases but normal in the other 18 preoperatively. Ultrasonography manifested abnormal inhomogeneous echo zones with calcification or necrosis. X-ray examination presented patchy or curvilinear high-density shadows in 28 cases. Forty-one of the patients underwent testis-sparing surgery (TSS) , 20 received high inguinal orchiectomy, and 3 refused surgical treatment. Pathological examination revealed 3 mature germinal layers in the 49 cases of mature teratoma and immature germinal tissue, including the original neural tube, and 11 cases of immature teratoma. The mature cases were exempted from chemotherapy, while the immature cases received the combination of cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin (PEB). The patients were followed up for 2 years postoperatively, which revealed no recurrence or metastasis.

CONCLUSIONMost children with testicular teratoma presented painless scrotal mass with a sense of bearing down and with abnormal serum AFP in most cases. Ultrasonography and plain radiography of the scrotum contribute to the diagnosis of the tumor. TSS is the main treatment option and intraoperative frozen-section can help the surgeons decide on the surgical mode. Postoperative chemotherapy is necessitated for immature teratoma but not for mature cases.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Bleomycin ; administration & dosage ; Child ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Cryptorchidism ; diagnosis ; Etoposide ; administration & dosage ; Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Scrotum ; Teratoma ; blood ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Testicular Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Testis ; abnormalities ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of thrombopoietin (TPO) on platelet engraftment in hematological malignancies patients after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

METHODSOne hundred and twenty patients were enrolled in a multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled clinical trial, and were randomized into 4 treatment groups following allo-HSCT. Group A was the control arm without TPO, while group B, C and D were trial arms with received 300 U×kg(-1)×d(-1) of TPO starting from day +1, +4 and +7, respectively. A total of 89 cases were evaluated, of which 22 cases in group A, 23 in group B, 20 in group C and 24 in group D. Efficacy evaluation (the time of platelet engraftment, the number of platelet transfusion) and safety evaluation \[adverse events, routine blood tests, liver and renal function, coagulation function and occurrence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)\] were observed.

RESULTSThe median platelet engraftment time in experimental groups (groups B, C and D) were on day (13.17 ± 2.89), day (12.15 ± 2.08), day (12.33 ± 1.76), respectively, and that in control group was on day (14.82 ± 5.05). There was statistically significant difference between two groups (P = 0.029), There were no statistically significant difference in the average amount of platelet transfusion, platelet engraftment time, and platelet nadir value among the 3 experimental groups. No significant adverse events were observed in experimental groups.

CONCLUSIONSTPO administration following allo-HSCT for patients with hematologic malignancies appears to shorten platelet engraftment time. TPO given starting from day +7 is effective and safe.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Platelets ; Child ; Female ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Transfusion ; methods ; Thrombopoietin ; therapeutic use ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Young Adult

Objective： To study the application of DSA in the diagnosis and treatment of ENT diseases. Methods： The diagnostic and therapeutic roles of DSA in ENT patients admitted from November 1995 to December 1999 were retrospectively studied. Results： Therapeutic vascular embolization using DSA was performed in 9/10 patients with severe epistaxis. The treatment was successful in 8/9 patients with a successful rate of 88.89%; embolization of tumor supplying vessels using DSA as a preoperative measure for reducing operative blood loss in 3 patients with nasopharyngeal fibrohemangioma obtained a total success; diagnosis was clarified in 2 patients using DSA. No patients were with severe complications. Conclusion： DSA is not only a safe and effective measure for diagnosis and therapy, but also effective in differential diagnosis of space occupying lesions. Preoperative selective embolization of tumor supplying arteries can reduce operative blood loss.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the test-retest reliability of Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire in nurses and to provide supplementary data for evaluating the reliability of the questionnaire in different occupational populations.

METHODSNordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was translated into Chinese according to the Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. We carried out a study to examine the reliability of Chinese-version Nordic Questionnaire among Chinese nurses. This study was conducted in 120 nurses recruited from our hospital, who underwent questionnaire survey twice within one week. The test-retest reliability of questionnaire was analyzed.

RESULTSThe Chinese-version Nordic Questionnaire showed a high test-retest reliability, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.72∼1.00.

CONCLUSIONThe Chinese-version Nordic Questionnaire has a high test-retest reliability in nurses, so it can be used for the screening and epidemiological investigation of musculoskeletal disorders in this population.

Humans ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; diagnosis ; Nurses ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Aged ; Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orientia tsutsugamushi ; Scrub Typhus ; epidemiology