Humans ; Traumatology

BACKGROUND:Posterior lumbar interbody fusion can thoroughly decompress the central canal, which is the common surgical technique for the central type of lumbar disc herniation with intervertebral instability at low lumbar segment. However, due to the regular traction on dural sac and nerve root in the operation, lower limb radicular pain in the early stage is inevitable. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of local use of gelatin sponge containing prednisolone acetate around the nerve roots after posterior lumbar interbody fusion on lower limb radicular pain. METHED:Sixty-three cases of lumbar disc herniation with degenerative instability were devided into treatment group (n=21) and control group (n=42) based on the type of implants. Gelatin sponge containing prednisolone acetate was implanted into patients in the treatment group after posterior lumbar interbody fusion, while pure gelatin sponge was implanted into patients in the control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, radicular pain in the treatment group was significantly relieved within 1 week after surgery. The visual analog scale score and Oswestry disability index score were similar between the two groups. There were three cases of radicular pain recurrence in the control group, but no incision infection and epidural hematoma after surgery in both two groups. In conclusion, local use of gelatin sponge containing prednisolone acetate around the nerve roots can significantly relieve lower limb radicular pain in the early stage after posterior lumbar interbody fusion in lumbar disc herniation, contributing to early rehabilitation exercise and patient satisfaction outcomes.

Objective To explore the characteristics and advantages of the rat model of lumbar nerve root com -pression established via modified hemilaminectomy approach .Methods Forty Sprague Dawley ( SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups ( experimental group and control group ) for establishing a rat model of lumbar nerve root compres-sion.Modified hemilaminectomy apprpoach was used in the experimental group , while total laminectomy was applied in the control group.Duration of operation, estimated blood loss, wound healing status, postoperative mortality, motor function of the lower extremities , pathological changes and the gray level of cytoplasmic TNF-αand IL-1 expression were observed to e-valuate the characteristics and reliability of the two operation approaches in establishing a rat model of lumbar nerve root compression.Results Compared with the control group , duration of operation , estimated blood loss , wound healing sta-tus, postoperative mortality were significantly better in the experimental group (P<0.01), whereas there was non-signifi-cant difference between two groups with regard to motor function of the lower extremities , pathological changes and gray lev-el of the cytoplasmic expression of TNF-αand IL-1 between the two groups .Moreover, the soft tissue structural alterations were reduced in the experimental group , which might be helpful for the rat postoperative rehabilitation .Conclusions Modified hemilaminectomy approach is a reliable alternative method for establishing a rat model of lumbar nerve root com -pression, which is beneficial to shorten the operative time , improve wound healing status , reduce estimated blood loss and damages of soft tissue , and decrease mortality rate .Moreover , this modified method is more consistent with the principles of animal ethics .

This paper analyses the defects of bubble oxygen inhalators currently used, and investigates into their solutions for improvement.
Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Oxygenators ; standards

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes between conventional percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and targeted PVP in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).Methods A retrospective cohort study was designed to review 215 cases of single level OVCFs hospitalized between January 2014 and December 2015.According to the procedure techniques,the patients were assigned to targeted PVP group (89 cases) and conventional PVP group (126 cases) which was further divided into sufficient filled subgroup (110 cases) and insufficient filled subgroup (16 cases) on basis of cement distribution.Key techniques of targeted PVP included accurate needle insertion to fractured area and cement injection using a push rob with a side opening.Operating time,cement injection volume,rate and types of cement leakage,cement distribution in the fractured area and visual analogue score (VAS) of back pain were compared between the two groups.Results Operating time in targeted PVP group was longer than that in conventional PVP group (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in cement injection volume and rate and types of cement leakage between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).None in targeted PVP group showed insufficient cement distribution in fractured area,while 16 cases (12.7％) in conventional PVP group (P ＜ 0.05).No significant differences in preoperative VAS of back pain existed among targeted PVP group,sufficient subgroup and insufficient subgroup (P ＞ 0.05).VAS of back pain was significantly decreased after PVP in three groups (P ＜ 0.05).Difference in postoperative VAS of back pain between targeted PVP group and sufficient filled subgroup was insignificant (P ＞0.05).However,postoperative VAS of back pain in insufficient filled subgroup was significantly increased compared with targeted PVP group and sufficient filled subgroup (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Targeted PVP provides sufficient cement to fill the fractured area and decreases incidence of unsatisfactory clinical outcome compared with traditional PVP,indicating a secure and effective new technique in the treatment of OVCFs.

BACKGROUND: In lumbar spondylolisthesis patients with severe osteoporosis, screw is easily loose and pul s out during reposition, or loss of reduction and internal fixation failure easily occur after repair. Therefore, it is very important to elevate the intensity of pedicle screw fixation during repair. At present, few studies concern application of bone cement screw enhancement technology in lumbar spondylolisthesis patients with osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical value of augmented pedicle screw with polymethylmethacrylate for lumbar spondylolisthesis accompanied with osteoporosis. METHODS: From June 2009 to June 2011, 27 patients suffering from lumbar spondylolisthesis accompanied with osteoporosis were included in this retrospective study. These patients received augmented pedicle screw with polymethylmethacrylate. The levels of disability and pain were evaluated by Oswestry Disability Index and visual analog scale. The internal fixation and fusion were evaluated by radiological findings. Al complications were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Al cases were fol owed up for 15-37 months. Oswestry Disability Index and visual analog scale scores were significantly better in final fol ow-up than that pre-treatment (P < 0.05). Imaging results revealed that bone cement tightly connected to bone interface. The position of screw and bone cement was good. Symptomatic bone cement leakage was not found. No fixation failure was detected during final fol ow-up. Al patients achieved interbody fusion. These results suggested that polymethylmethacrylate bone cement could increase the gripping force of the pedicle screw in osteoporotic vertebral body. It is safe and effective to treat spondylolisthesis accompanied with osteoporosis with augmented pedicle screws. Satisfactory fixation stability and interbody fusion can be obtained.

Objective To investigate the correlation between residual strength of neck and shoulder muscles and respiratory function in patients with cervical spinal cord injury.Methods From January,2015 to June,2016,the muscle strength of sternocleidomastoid,trapezius and deltoid was tested in 30 patients with cervical spinal cord injury five and 24 weeks after injury.Meanwhile,their neurological and pul-monary function was evaluated.Results There was correlation between the vital capacity and muscle strength of deltoid both five and 24 weeks after injury(r>0.806,P<0.05)in the patients intermittent without ventilation,and it was found in sense score five weeks after injury (r=0.914,P<0.01),motor score(r=0.979,P<0.001)and the muscle strength of trapezius(r=0.894,P<0.01)24 weeks after injury.Conclu-sion The residual strength of neck and shoulder muscles,especially of deltoid,plays an important role in the respiratory function in patients with cervical spinal cord injury.

Objective To evaluate the imaging methods,characteristics,diagnostic value of multi- slice CT urography(MSCTU)in congenital abnormities of urinary system.Methods To collect 33 urinary congenital abnormities cases in three years and to analyses these MSCTU images.All examinations were performed with a multi-slice spiral CT scanner.The patients were intravenously injected with 90 ml of Iohexol 300 with a power injector at the rate of 3 ml/s.Nephrographic-phase images were obtained at 75 s after initiation of the injection of contrast material,the appropriate delay time is according to Kidney's enhancement extent and nephrohydrosis degree.Excretory-phase images were obtained through the abdomen and pelvis from 10 min.to 23 h after initiation of the injection of contrast material without abdominal compression.Excretory-phase images were transferred to the workstation and performed maximun intensity projection(MIP),multiplanar reconstruction(MPR),volume rendering(VR),and virtual cystoscopy (VC).Results The urinary congenital abnormities diagnosed by MSCTU in 33 cases,including 1 ectopic kidney,1 horseshoe kidney,1 renal malrotaion,2 supernumerary kidneys,2 ureteral valves,2 retrocaval ureters,4 congenital megaureters,6 ureteropelvic junction stenosis,9 pelviureteric duplication malformations and 5 bladder diverticula.The displaying rate of ureter was 91%(61/66).The scanning time of excretory-phase was less than 20 seconds in All cases.The average CT value of contrast media in displayed ureter lumens was 520 HU.The postprocessing images had clear,dimensional feature and It was satisfy the diagnosis.Conclusion MSCTU has clear,dimensional feature and has strong ability of displaying total anatomy shape and tiny pathology change of congenital abnormities in the urinary system.It is a very useful method for detecting the congenital abnormities in the urinary system.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that function as endogenous triggers of the RNA interference pathway. Studies have shown that thousands of human protein-coding genes are regulated by miRNAs, indicating that miRNAs are master regulators of many important biological processes, such as cancer development. miRNAs frequently have deregulated expression in many types of human cancers, and play critical roles in tumorigenesis, which functions either as tumor suppressors or as oncogenes. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs are highly related with cancer progression, including initiating, growth, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis. Furthermore, miRNAs are shown to be responsible for the cancer-related inflammation, anti-cancer drug resistance, and regulation of cancer stem cells. Therefore, miRNAs have generated great interest as a novel strategy in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Here we review the versatile roles of miRNAs in cancers and their potential applications for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment as biomarkers.
Animals ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Inflammation ; genetics ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; physiology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; genetics ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; genetics ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Oncogenes ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the impact of the chloride channel dysfunction of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) on the cytoskeleton of Sertoli cells in the mouse.

METHODSTM4 Sertoli cells were cultured and treated with CFTR(inh)-172 at the concentrations of 1, 5, 10 and 20 μmol/L for 48 hours. Then the cytotoxicity of CFT(inh)-172 was assessed by CCK-8 assay, the expressions of F-actin and Ac-tub in the TM4 Sertoli cells detected by immunofluorescence assay, and those of N-cadherin, vimentin and vinculin determined by qPCR.

RESULTSCFTR(inh)-172 produced cytotoxicity to the TM4 Sertoli cells at the concentration of 20 μmol/L. The expressions of F-actin and Ac-tub were decreased gradually in the TM4 Sertoli cells with the prolonging of treatment time and increasing concentration of CFTR(inh)-172 (P < 0.05). The results of qPCR showed that different concentrations of CFTR(inh)-172 worked no significant influence on the mRNA expressions of N-cadherin, vimentin and vinculin in the Sertoli cells.

CONCLUSIONThe CFTR chloride channel plays an important role in maintaining the normal cytoskeleton of Sertoli cells. The reduced function and expression of the CFTR chloride channel may affect the function of Sertoli cells and consequently spermatogenesis of the testis.

Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Benzoates ; pharmacology ; Chloride Channels ; physiology ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Cytoskeleton ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Sertoli Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Spermatogenesis ; Thiazolidines ; pharmacology ; Time Factors