OBJECTIVEThis paper is to explore the DNA repair mechanism of immune adaptive response (AR) induced by low dose radiation (LDR), the changes of mRNA levels and protein expressions of p53, ATM, DNA-PK catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and PARP-1 genes in the LDR-induced AR in EL-4 cells.

METHODSThe apoptosis and cell cycle progression of EL-4 cells were detected by flow cytometry in 12 h after the cells received the pre-exposure of 0.075 Gy X-rays (inductive dose, D1) and the succeeding high dose irradiation (challenge dose, D2; 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 Gy X-rays, respectively) with or without wortmannin (inhibitor of ATM and DNA-PK) and 3-aminobenzamid (inhibitor of PARP-1). And the protein expressions and mRNA levels related to these genes were detected with flow cytometry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in 12 h after irradiation with D2.

RESULTSThe mRNA and protein expressions of p53 and PARP-1 in EL-4 cells in the D1 + D2 groups were much lower than those in the D2 groups, and those of PARP-1 in the 3-AB + D2 and the 3-AB + D1 + D2 groups were much lower than those in the D2 and the D1 + D2 groups. The percentage of apoptotic EL-4 cells in the 3-AB + D1 + D2 groups was much higher than that in the D1 + D2 groups, that in the G₀/G₁ and the G₂ + M phases was much higher, and that in the S phase were much lower. Although the ATM and DNA-PKcs mRNA and protein expressions in wortmannin + D1 + D2 groups were much lower than those in the D1 + D2 groups, there were no significant changes in the apoptosis and cell cycle progression between the wortmannin + D1 + D2 and the D1 + D2 groups.

CONCLUSIONPARP-1 and p53 might play important roles in AR induced by LDR.

Androstadienes ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA Repair ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Gene Expression Regulation ; radiation effects ; Mice ; Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism

This study was aimed to establish a model for detecting the donor chimerism rate following the multi-donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantations, and simplify its calculation method. Patients with hematologic disease receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation including single-donor and multi-donor were selected in this study and the donor cell chimerism rates were detected, using STR-PCR combined with capillary electrophoresis. The results indicated that the peaks of the sister alleles coming from the same individual were confirmed to have the approximate areas and can be replaced each other in the situation of mixed chimerism. In the calculation model, the value between reference chimerism and approximate chimerism have no significant difference using the hypothetical peak areas, and the result was confirmed to be accepted basing on typical measurement error between sister alleles (5% - 20%). It is concluded that the areas of share peaks can be replaced by non-share peaks and this conclusion can be used to calculate the double-donor CHM (DD-CHM)(%). Compared to the D alleles, R alleles show more strategic importance because it can lead to more accurate result and allowed simplifying the arithmetic calculations for DD-CHM(%).
Alleles ; Electrophoresis, Capillary ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Postoperative Period ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation Chimera ; genetics ; Transplantation, Homologous

Objective Functional constipation (FC) is a common complaint in childhood but the prevalence still remains unclear, the aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of FC in childhood in the northern parts of China. Methods A screening program on FC in childhood was carried out in 5 northern cities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang, Changchun, Harbin) of China according to symptoms under the Rome Ⅲ criteria. Random clustered sampling of the inhabitants was carried out under stratification of cities, geographic zones, schools or nurseries.Sample size of each area was in proportion to the population of the area. The range of age was 4-14. All subjects under study were requested to fill in a questionnaire distributed by the teachers. The screening program was carried out immediately after a section survey was completed. All together, 20 000 questionnaires were distributed with 19 638 retrievals. According to the result of the screening, a small number of patients who met the criteria were further selected to undergo a detailed clinical examination in the hospital including laboratory examination, colonic transit time, defecography or/and barium enema, electromyologram and anorectal manometry to exclude organic disease of the colon. Simultaneously, a detailed questionnaire was requested to fill under the assistance of trained doctors or medical students.Prevalence of FC of the population was adjusted by the rate of correct diagnosis from the detailed study. Results The adjusted point prevalence of FC in 5 northern cities of China according to Rome Ⅲ criteria was 4.73% with higher prevalence rate of FC seen in the Beijing area (5.02%) than in other cities (4.82%, 4.76%, 4.27%, 4.40%, with P＜0.001 ). Male to female ratio was 1.26:1 with majority of the FC fell in the 4-6 year olds (5.76%). Conclusion FC appeared a common disorder in childhood in the northern parts of China which called for greater attention. Higher prevalence was noted in the age groups of 4-6.

Objective: To understand the hospitalization rates and influencing factors after diagnosis among HIV infection cases, based on real-world data in Yinzhou district of Ningbo. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on the databases of National AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System and Yinzhou Health Information Platform. The information about the following-up results, antiviral treatment data, electronic records of inpatient of the HIV cases reported during 2012-2020 were collected to analyze the rates, causes and influencing factors of hospitalization. Results: Among the 763 HIV infection cases reported in Yinzhou from 2012 to 2020, the hospitalization rate was 6.95% (53/763), and the number of inpatient was 2.59 per 100 person years. The hospitalization rate and the number of hospitalization per 100 person years in HIV infection cases were 3.16% (10/316) and 0.81 in those aged <30 years, 6.07% (15/247) and 1.59 in those aged >30 years, 7.86% (11/140) and 4.05 in those aged >45 years and 28.33% (17/60) and 17.40 in those aged ≥60 years respectively. Logistic multivariate regression analysis indicated that being aged ≥60 years was the influencing factor for hospitalizations in HIV infection cases (аOR=14.44, 95%CI:3.57-58.46). The hospitalization rates due to AIDS related diseases, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic diseases, and other diseases were 1.83% (14/763), 1.05% (8/763), and 3.93% (30/763), respectively. Conclusions: The hospitalization burden due to HIV infection was still mainly caused by those aged ≥60 years in Yinzhou, similar to that in general population and less proportion of hospitalizations were due to AIDS related diseases. The overall increase of hospitalizations due to AIDS was not obvious in Yinzhou.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology* ; HIV Infections/therapy* ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies