3.84, P

Objective: To investigate the effect of four kinds of inactivation methods on the activity of soybean agglutinin (SBA). Methods: Dry-heat, humid-heat, acid-alkali and metal ion were employed to evaluate their effects on the activity of SBA, which were quantified by hemagglutination. Results: Dry-heat below 120℃ did not obviously decrease the activity of SBA, while humid-heat (95℃ for 30 min,100℃ for 20 min or 105℃ for 10 min) completely inactivated the SBA. The activity of SBA significantly decreased when soybean protein was extracted under pH 1.0-4.5 or pH 9-13. Quadrivalent and trivalent metal ions markedly inhibited the activity of SBA. Conclusion: SBA can be inactivated effectively by humid-heat, acid-alkali or metal ion. Further study is needed to clarify whether there are synergistic effects between these treatments.

Objective: To observe the mechanism and characteristics of new bone formation and remodeling process during distraction osteogenesis (DO) in the reconstruction of bone defect in cleft palate (CP). Methods: Sagittal palatal osteoectomy were performed in 12 cats to establish the CP model. The CP defects were reconstructed by intraoral distractors at the rate and rhythm of 0.4 mm?2/day till the transport disc (TD) reached the opposite edge across the defect region. Tetrachloride fluorescent labeling was administered 6 days before euthanasia specimen retrieval at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 weeks through fixation period. Histological and fluoroscopical study were performed; control groups (2 animals in each group) were set for comparison. Results: The bone defect of CP was successfully reconstructed by DO. Exclusively intramembranous de novo osteogenesis were observed. Soft tissues attaching to TD were elongated simultaneously. No spontaneous repair was observed in control animals. Conclusion: With effective distraction and steady fixation, CP bone and soft tissue defect can be reconstructed by active intramembranous bone formation and remodeling following the applicaion of DO.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of orbital floor mesh plate in the treatment of orbital floor fracture. Methods:27 patients with orbital margin fractures were treated by surgical operation with orbital floor mesh plates or medial wall plates. All patients were observed for 3 months after operation.Results:It was observed that all patients with enophthalmos were cured and the patients with nerve injury recovered satisfactorily.Conclusion:Orbital floor mesh plate is effective in the treatment of orbital floor fracture.

Objective To study the feasibility and rehabilitation outcomes of one -stage cochlear implantation (CI) in profound deaf children with secretory otitis media (SOM ) .Methods A total of 11 profound deaf children with soal receired one -soage unilateral cochlear implantation with a follow -up period from 13~60 months .In-flamed mucosa in the mastoid as well as exudates were removed radical1y at the time of implantation for adequate drainage of the middle ear .After the sugery ,the patients were followed up and the hearing and rehabilitating out-comes were eveluated .Results All 11 patients were successfully operated with 8 cases in the right ear and 3 cases in the left ear .Among them ,7 cases were nucleus 24 CA ,1 case losa clarion AB 90 K ,2 cases were medel combi 40+and 1 case was pulsar .All patients were successfully operated .No infectious complications occurred .No recurrence of secretory otitis media was observed .After initial stimulation and post regular fitting ,the status of the implant-able devices were all stable .All the implantees had satisfied hearing and entered normal kindergartens or schools . Conclusion Profound deaf pediatric patients with SOM are not an absolute contraindication for CI .With sufticient pre-operation preparontion ,proper trentment and nursing .Cochlear implantation should be condnote as early as possible better rehabilitation performance .

Glucocorticoids ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Olfaction Disorders ; drug therapy ; Smell

OBJECTIVETo study and evaluate the clinical effects of combined preoperative chemotherapy and their relations with multi drug resistance (MDR).

METHODS102 cases with oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) were included in the study (63 males and 39 females, aged 22 to 67 years). Among the subjects there were 57 cases with cancer of tongue and 45 cases with cancer of buccal mucosa. 27 cases in the group were classified as stage II, 55 as stage III and 20 cases as stage IV according to TNM standard. All cases accepted PYM + 5-Fu + DDP combined chemotherapy pre-operatively. The total given dose was PYM 48 mg, 5-Fu 7.5 g and DDP 300 mg. After the chemotherapy, radical surgery were performed within 2 weeks. The diagnosis of all cases were proved as OSCC by biopsy.

RESULTSTotal effective rate of the combined chemotherapy was 82.4%. All of the cases were followed up and their 3 years' survival rate was 67.6%.

CONCLUSIONThe combined chemotherapy of PYM + 5-Fu + DDP is effective in using as one of comprehensive treatment for OSCC.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Bleomycin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; therapy ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms ; therapy ; Tongue Neoplasms ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to observe the roentgenographic characters of distraction osteogenesis (DO) correction of cleft palate (CP), to study the expression of BMP proportional to fixation period time intervals, and to explore the new bone formation mechanism in Cleft Palate bone shelf.

METHODS12 cats were used to establish the CP animal model surgically, and then were assigned randomly to (1) Experimental group (12 cats): CP defects were DO repaired at the rate and rhythm of 0.4 mm x 2/day. Specimen retrieval at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 weeks after completion of distraction, roentgenography and Anti-BMP immunohistochemistry studies were performed; (2) Experimental control group (2 cats): CP defects without any treatment procedures, and (3) Empty control group of 2 cats.

RESULTSAnti-BMP immunohistochemistry study showed positive DAB dye in early 2 weeks and most extensively positive expression of BMP in 4 to 6 weeks. The expression of BMP wore off gradually through 8 to 12 weeks. The roentgenography showed that the newly mineralized bone was developed from the cut bone edges bilaterally to the central transparent zone, and the newly formed bone bridged the defect area completely at the end of the study. The CP bone defect was reconstructed and the distraction gap was filled with de nove osteogenesis. No new bone formation was observed in experimental control group.

CONCLUSIONThe process of new bone formation in the distraction area is dynamic. Being stimulated primarily, the process was kept highly active till quiescence phase finally. The X-ray examination shows that there is distinctively low roentgenopeque. Nevertheless, roentgenography is so far a very effective and convenient method to evaluate and monitor the DO correction efficiency.

Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; biosynthesis ; metabolism ; Bone Regeneration ; Cats ; Cleft Palate ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; surgery ; Osteogenesis ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Palate, Hard ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; surgery ; Radiography ; X-Ray Film

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to explore ultrastructural characters of the newly formed bone in the correction of cleft palate (CP) bone defect by distraction osteogenesis (DO).

METHODSThe CP experimental animal models (12 cats) were established surgically, and were divided randomly into the experimental group (10 cats), in which the hard palate bone defects were corrected with DO procedure at the rate of 0.4 mm x 2/day. The specimen retrieval with euthanasia was carried out at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 weeks after completion of distraction. Ultrastructural study was then performed; the experimental control group (2 cats) was kept for 6 weeks before euthanasia without any correction, the other extra 2 cats were used as the negative control.

RESULTSNew bone formation appeared in early 2 weeks. Exclusively intramembranous bone formation was observed in all specimens. The remodeling activities were keep observed throughout the period of study, and the bone structure matured gradually till 12 weeks after the completion of DO. No repair was observed in experimental control group.

CONCLUSIONThe reconstruction of CP bone defect by means of DO could get active intramembranous bone formation and remodeling, which adapted to normal functional activities.

Animals ; Bone Regeneration ; Cats ; Cleft Palate ; pathology ; surgery ; Osteogenesis ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; methods ; Palate, Hard ; ultrastructure

OBJECTIVE: In-depth understanding of endoscopic anatomy of the skull base is the cornerstone of the development of endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. The purpose of this study is to explore the anatomical landmarks of the clivus for endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. METHOD: Eight silicon-injected adult cadaveric heads (16 sides) were dissected performing endoscopic endonasal approach. The clivus and adjacent structures were exposed; and their anatomy shown in detail. High-quality pictures were produced. RESULT: The clivus was subdivided into the upper, the middle and the lower clivus. Extracranial soft tissue landmarks and bony landmarks were presented. Intradural landmarks of the upper clivus were the interpeduncular cistern, posterior cerebral artery, posterior communicating artery, superior cerebellar artery, cranial nerve III and cerebral peduncle; intradural landmarks of the middle clivus were the prepontine cistern, basilar artery, cranial nerve VI and pons; intradural landmarks of lower clivus were premedullary cistern, vertebral artery, cranial nerve XI and medulla oblongata. Surgical routes to the clivus were the upper clivus approach, middle clivus approach, lower clivus approach and panclival approach. CONCLUSION An understanding of the complex anatomy of the clivus is paramount for surgically dealing with the disease involved clivus and adjacent region.
Adult ; Cadaver ; Cranial Fossa, Posterior ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Nose ; Skull Base