Objective To investigate the changes of urinary β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) , retinol conjugated protein (RBP), N-acetyl-beta-D nucleosidase amino acids (NAG) and serum cystatin C (Cys C) in patients with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS), and explore the application value of those indexes in PNS diagnosis. Methods Fifty-three patients with PNS from Sep. 2009 to Sep. 2015 were enrolled in this study, and 40 healthy people were selected as the control group. The levels ofβ2-MG, RBP, NAG in urinary and Cys C in serum were measured in two groups, and the receiver operator characteristic curves (ROC) were drawn out for investigating the diagnostic value of four indexes to PNS. Results The levels ofβ2-MG, RBP, NAG in urinary and Cys C in serum of patients with PNS were significantly higher than control group (P<0.01) . The RBP, NAG and Cys C had the higher efficiency in diagnosis PNS than β2-MG, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) . There were no significant differences in diagnosis PNS between RBP, NAG and Cys C (P>0.05) . The area of RBP under the ROC curve was 0.897 (95%CI was 0.807-0.987) bigger than NAG, Cys C andβ2-MG. Conclusionβ2-MG, RBP, NAG in urinary and Cys C in serum have high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis PNS, monitoring the levels ofβ2-MG, RBP, NAG in urinary and Cys C in serum may be helpful for diagnosis and clinical therapy of PNS.

BACKGROUND:Runx2 is considered to the main regulatory factor of osteogenic gene expression and be necessary for osteoblast differentiation, it plays an extremely important role in the osteoblast development, differentiation, regulation, bone calcification formation and bone repair.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the biological properties of mesenchymal stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, explore the osteogenic differentiation potential of deciduous teeth stem cells, and observe the dynamic expression of Runx2 gene at varying time points.
METHODS:The stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth were isolated and cultured in vitro. The cellsurface antigen was detected with flow cytometry. The third passage cells were cultured in the adipogenic medium for 4 weeks, and oil red O staining was conducted to test lipid droplets formation. The third passage cells were cultured in the osteogenic medium for 21 days, and mineralized nodules were detected by alizarin red staining. Runx2 mRNA dynamic expression was detected with semi-quantitative RT-PCR at different time points.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth were obtained by enzyme digestion and limited dilution methods. Flow cytometry results showed that, CD146 and STRO-1 were expressed to varying degrees. Oil red O staining revealed salmon pink positive particles. Alizarin red staining showed positive expression. RT-PCR results showed that, Runx2 expression was found at day 0, up-regulated from day 0 to day 6, and subsequently dropped with an expression bottom at day 12, after that a second expression peak occurred at day 18, fol owed by a stably regulation. The stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth can be isolated and cultured in vitro, express surface antigen of mesenchymal stem cells, and have the potentials of differentiating into adipocytes and ostetoblasts. Runx2 gene profiles are dynamical y expressed during osteoblastic differentiation. Runx2 express throughout every stage of osteoblastic differentiation. The expression is up-regulated during early and later stages, and down-regulated in metaphase.

Objective 1) To establish and optimize a flow cytometry method for detecting CD62p reexpression by preserved platelets.2) Daily determination of the CD62p expression by platelets stored at 22℃ to assess its value in evaluation of preserved platelet quality.Methods 1) Statistic methods including factorial experiment was applied to optimize the major conditions for sample management, and the feasible negative and positive control for FCM analysis of CD62p expression were check out.2) Thirteen donors' platelets including ten PRP and three apheresis concentrations were stored in a flatbed shaker at 22?2℃ for 12 days. The CD62p expression were detected daily. The correlation between CD62p expression and in vivo residual life span of 22℃ stored platelet were analyzed.Results 1) Satisfactory conditions for analysis CD62p anew expression by FCM were obtained. 2) The CD62p anew expression by stored platelets was correlated to the in vivo residual life span of the platelets with the correlation coefficients between 0.91 and 0.99.Conclusion 1) This FCM method is simple, sensitive, stable, and easy to carry. 2) Platelet CD62p expression can be used to monitor the function of stored platelets and has the potential in the study of new platelet preservation technique.

Objective To study the effect of psychological counseling for patients with thoracic surgery recovery period.Methods Ono hundred patients with lobectomy were selected,they were divided into experimental group and control group with 50 cases each according to the treatment method.Two groups of patients were in the ward completed indwelling catheter,inserted into the right double lumen endotracheal tube by high seniority anesthesiologists,postoperative given perfect analgesia.Two group patients were treated with routine operation before the visit,assess the condition and signed the anesthesia informed consent,the test group were given psychological support therapy,explain in detail postoperative recovery period may be uncomfortable,eliminate the anxiety of patients,establish the confidence to overcome the disease,Two groups of patients after surgery by the recovery room nurse to give psychological counseling,complete extubation and record the restlessness,24 h after the patient satisfaction questionnaire.Results In test group patients were able to follow instructions and coordinate nurse smooth tube removal,15 cases of patients need to brake,additional sedatives and dehyed extubation,the difference between the two groups has statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).The satisfaction questionnaire in test group was significantly higher than that in control group:100％ (50/50) vs.82％ (41/50),there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Psychological counseling can effectively avoid agitation in recovery period of patients with postoperative chest tube removal,smooth.

Objective To observe the anatomical features of muscular branches of radial nerve in the forearm. Methods Forty seven adult embalmed cadaver arms were dissected under 4? loupe magnification. The radial nerve was identified in the interval between the brachioradialis and brachialis at the upper arm 10 cm proximal to the lateral humeral epicondyle (LHE). The nerve and branches were dissected and observed. The number of branches entering the muscles was counted and the following measurements were performed along the radial nerve and branches with a vernier caliper (accurate to 0.1 mm): distances from the origin point and muscle entry point of each branch to the LHE, the distance between the LHE and the styloid process of ulna (SPU). Data were pooled among all specimens (n=47) to calculate mean and standard deviation. Results In 35 of 47 (74.5%) specimens, the deep branch of the radial nerve coursed along the line between the LHE and the SPU. In all specimens, extensor indicis was the last muscle to be innervated. The average distance from the LHE to the origin point of extensor indicis branch was (160.6?12.1) mm, and that from the LHE to the SPU was (231.7?14.6) mm. The average proportionality between these two distances was 0.7?0.1. There was a large variation in branch number. The muscle with the highest branch number (4.6 averaged) was the extensor digitorum communis and that with the lowest number (1.1 averaged) were extensor policis longus and extensor indicis proprius. In 29 of 47 (61.7%), extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) branch originated from the superficial branch of the radial nerve. In 15 of 47 (31.9%), the branch came from the deep branch of the radial nerve. In 3 of 47 (6.4%), the branch emanated from the radial nerve as 1 branch of a trifurcation (with the other branches being the deep branch and the superficial branch of the radial nerve). Conclusion With the forearm being pronated, the proximal 7/10 of the line between the LHE and the SPU can be considered as the projection on body surface of the deep branch of the radial nerve. The deep branch of the radial nerve may be damaged by operators improper dragging and detaching in surgery with the following reasons: branch lengths of extensor digitorum, extensor carpi ulnaris and extensor digiti minimi are short relatively, and origin points of these branches are more close than others to the point through which the deep branch of the radial nerve come out supinator. Differences in muscle architecture and function may be the reason that there is such variation in branch number. Discrepancies between studies about the ECRB branch origin may be related with the fault committed by researchers in dissecting.

In order to explore the permissible range of temperatures for cryopreserved platelets, each of the eleven bags of platelets with 5% dimethyl sulfoxide was divided at random into eight aliquot paired groups labeled A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H respectively. All of the groups were stored at -80℃ for one day. The control group A was stored at -80℃ throughout the experiment, and group B, C, D, E, F, G, H were replaced to the refrigerator at -80℃ after they were stored for 4 hours at -60℃, -50℃, -40℃, -30℃, -20℃, -10℃, and 0℃ respectively. All samples were thawed to test the phosphatidylserine expression, CD62p re expression, slide platelet aggregation test(SPAT), and activated plasma clotting test(aPCT). The above items were monitored in group A hourly when group A was thawed and stored at 22℃ for 4 hours. The results showed that the permissible storage temperature of cryopreserved platelet was under -40℃, and storage at temperature from -30℃ to 0℃ was detrimental for cryopreserved platelets. No significant damages were detected when the thawed platelets were stored at 22 with a gentle shaker.

The trigemino-cerebellar projections of the rats were studied by introducing HRP microelectrophoretically in to various deep icerebellar nuclei (dentate nucleus, ND; interpositus nucleus, anterior part, NIA; interpositus nucleus, posterior part, NIP; fastigial nucleus, NF). The results indicate that all nuclei of the trigeminal nerve give their projections to bilateral (mostly ipsilateral) deep cerebellar nuclei. Most of them come from the interpolar and oral subnuclei of the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve. The caudal subnucleus of the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve and the principal sensory nucleus of the trigeminal nerve (VP) take the second place. Least of all come from the mesencephalic nucleus (ME) and the motor nucleus (MO) of the trigeminal nerve. In addition, cells in the region ventrolateral to the motor nucleus (VMO) and in the root of the trigeminal nerve (VR) also project to deep cerebellar nuclei. Fibers coming from ME terminate mostly in NF and NIA. Fibers from the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve and VP terminate more in NIP and ND. Fibers from MO terminate in NF, NIA and ND. Fibers from VMO and VR have the same termination as those from the sensory nuclear complex of the trigeminal nerve.

1.5,2.0,and 2.5 mm/day)was performed on 20 goats and 20 rabbits.It was found that a relatively slow lengthening rate of 1mm/day was better since it induced less tissue reactions and quicker bony regeneration and created more dense and more mature bony trabeculae in the lengthened zone than the other 3 rates.In addition,it was also found the new bone formation in the lengthened zone of the proximal metaphysis of the tibia proceeded quickly and both intramem-branous and endochondral ossifications contributed to the bone healing process with the former in predominance.

Bone Regeneration ; Bone and Bones ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins

Eight rabbits were used in this study.The position of the phrenic nucleus in thespinal cord,the morphology of the phrenic motoneurones and position of the cellbodies of the sensory neurons of the phrenic nerve were determined by using themethod of HRP labelling through the centralcutting end of the left phrenic nerve atthe root of the neck.The results were as follows:1.The phrenic nucleus in the rabbit was located in C_3,C_4,and C_5 segments.Itis a longitudinal cell column lying between the ventromedial and the ventrolateralcolumns of the ventral horn of the spinal cord.2.Phrenic motoneurones differed in shape and size.Most of the cell bodies ofthe rabbit's phrenic motoneurones were round or oval in shape,ranging from 5 to45 ?m(mean 25 ?m)in diameter.3.The rabbit phrenic nerve arises from the ventral rami of the 3 rd,4 th and5 th cervical nerves,and the nucleus of this nerve does not extend beyond the 3 rd-5 th segments——the location of the nucleus corresponds with the segmental rootsfrom which the phrenic nerve arises.4.The cell bodies of the sensory neurones of the rabbit's phrenic nerve werelocated in the dorsal root ganglia of the third and fourth cervical nerves.Besides,50 rabbits were dissected,and the origin of their phrenic nerves werestudied.