Objective To investigate 15 N glycine absorption in the colon of the short bowel rats. Methods Rats undergoing resection of 80% small intestine and were treated by enteral nutrition for 21 days. The concentration of 15 N glycine in perfusate samples was measured by the technique of HPLC. The atom percent enrichment of 15 N glycine in blood plasma was measured by the technique of isotopic dilution method Results fter 3 hours, the colonic water absorption was 1?0 5 ml, 15 N glycine absorption was zero, and the atom percent enrichment was near zero in normal group, vs. (2 6?0 82) ml ( P

Objectives:To investigate the morphologic changes of the colon in the rats after a total small bowel resection. Methods:Ten male Sprague Dawley(350～370 g) rats in the experimental group were undergone resection of total small bowel,and ten normal rats were randomly chosen as the control group.After supported by enteral nutrition for 3 months,rats were sacrificed and the colon harvested for morphologic parameters study. Results:The length,diameter,wet weight,crypt depth,mucosal thickness and kerckring height of the colon in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group( P

Objective To investigate the outcome of intraductual papillary mucious neoplasms (IPMN) of the pancreas after surgical resection. Method Clinical data of 76 patients with intraductal papillary neoplasms of the pancreas undergoing surgical resection at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University between January 1999 and December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 76 patients,49 were male, 37 were female. 32 had noninvasive IPMNs, including adenomas( n = 16), borderline tumors (n =6 ), carcinomas in situ (n = 10 ). 44 had invasive IPMNs. Lesions were present in the head in 63 cases, in the body or tail in 10, in the whole pancreas in 3. There were significant difference in age,jaundice, weight loss, asymptomatic cases and CA199 value between noninvasive and invasive IPMNs.Three patients underwent total pancreatectomy, 59 patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy, 4 patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy with portal vein resection and reconstruction, six patients underwent distal pancreatectomy, two patients each underwent central pancreatectomy or enucleation. The overall postoperative morbidity rate were 28.9%, there was no operative mortality. Positive pancreatic margin was identified in seven patients of noninvasive neoplasms, among thoee one developed recurrence after 67 months. The five-year survival rate for patients with noninvasive and invasive neolpasms was 100% and 35% ,respectively. Size and lymph node metastasis were significant prognostic factors after surgical resection of the invasive IPMNs. Conclusions Surgical resection provides a favorable outcome for patients with noninvasive IPMNs. In contrast, invasive IPMNs was associated with a poor survival. Early resection is essential for improving survival. Long-term follow-up is necessary for all patients with IPMNs after resection.

Objective To identify difference between intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) and pancreatic common ductal adenocarcinoma. Methods Between March 2003 and June 2006, 29 patients with pathological diagnosis of IPMN and 46 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Zhongshan Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical, biochemical, and histopathologic factors were retrospectively analyzed. Prognosis between two groups were compared by log-rank test.Results The proportion with no symptom visit in IPMN was obviously higher than in pancreatic cancer. Twenty-one of 29 specimens were malignant in IPMN. Stage of the malignant IPMN was significantly earlier than that of the pancreatic adenocarcinoma (P=0.017). Intrapancreatic neural invasion was more common in pancreatic adenocarcinoma than in malignant IPMN (P=0.005). The survival curve of the malignant IPMN was significantly better than that of the pancreatic adenocarcinoma (P=0.014). Conclusion IPMN with less aggressive bionomics can be diagnosed and treated in an earlier stage. So its prognosis is better than that of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Prognosis of malignant IPMN which is more invasive than stage Ⅱ B is simular to that of common pancreatic cancer. However, this conclusion should be further investigated.

Objectives:To study the colonic adaptation of short bowel rats by enteral nutrition plus fiber treatment.　Methods:The short bowel rats were randomized into two groups:feed by Pepti-2000(EN) and by Pepti-2000 plus fiber(EF);and another normal rats as control(CONT) group.The nutritional states and morphologic changes of the colon were investigated.　Results:From postoperative days(PODs) 15,the weight of EF group was increasing and greater than EN group after PODs 18.The net nitrogen balance in EF group was almost the same as CONT,but greater than EN group.All the mucosal thickness,villous height and surface area of the colon in EF group were greater than CONT and EN group(P<0.001).DNA index and percentage of S phase cells of the colonic mucous in study groups were higher than CONT group(P<0.05).Also the levels of colonic mucous IGF-1 mRNA in study groups were higher than in CONT group(P<0.05).　Conclusions:Enteral nutrition plus fiber can not only promote nutritional states;but enhance colonic adaptation to the short bowel rats.

ObjectiveSmall interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to silence the fibroblast activation protein4 (FAP) expression of mouse pancreatic cancer related fibroblast cells (mPCa-FCs-1212),and to observe the effects of mPCa-FCs-1212 silencing FAP gene on mouse pancreatic cancer cells (mPCa-1212) proliferation and apoptosis.MethodsThe small interfering RNA targeting FAP gene was designed; the recombinant siRNA plasmid siFAP and control plasmid siMOCK was constructed,which were transfected into mPCa-FCs-1212,respectively.The FAP mRNA and protein expression in transfected cells were examined by real-time PCR and Western blotting.The mPCa-1212 and transfected mPCa-FCs-1212 were co-cultured with a 1:1 ratio in vitro.The growth inhibitory rates and apoptosis rates of mPCa-1212 were detected by MTT assay and Annexin V-FTTC/PI staining and FCM assay.ResultsThe mRNA and protein expressions of FAP in siFAP transfected mPCa-FCs-1212 were significantly down-regulated when compared with that in siMOCK transfected mPCa-FCs-1212[0.584 ±0.029vs.1.052±0.281,P=0.0213; (27.18±3.23)％ vs.(61.58±4.72)％,P=0.0317].The mPCa-1212 was co-cultured with the mPCa-FCs-1212 transfected with siFAP or siMOCK for 3 d,and the inhibitory rates of mPCa-1212 were (23.02 ±3.32)％ and (1.11 ±0.23)％,and the apoptosis rates were (42.31 ±5.34)％ and (7.38 ± 2.09)％,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P =0.000).ConclusionsmPCa-FCs-1212 silencing FAP gene can inhibit the proliferation of mPCa-1212 in vitro and induce cell apoptosis,and may be a potential new approach to gene therapy.

Objective To investigate the adaptive expression of brush-border disaccharidases in the residual digestive tract of rats following a total small bowel resection. Methods Mucosa was scraped off with a piece of glass from the colon,the cecum and the duodenum of the rats with a total small bowel resection (experimental group,n =10) and normal rats (control group,n =10). Diaccharidase activities were determined in accordance with the method of Dahlqvist. Results Specific activities and total activities of sucrase,maltase in the colon,the cecum and the duodenum in the experimental group were significantly greater than those in the control group( P 0.05). Conclusions Total small bowel resection caused significant adaptive expression of brush-border sucrase and maltase in the residual digestive tract in the rats after a total small bowel resection.

Objectives: To investigate the role of glutamine on splanchnic blood flow in SAP rats and underling mechanism. Methods: 32 rats were randomized divided into 2 groups:glutamine group(Gln group, n =16) and SAP group ( n =16).Jejunotomy was performed. Gln group received glutamine.SAP group received saline.All groups were subdivided into 2 groups.8 normal rats were used as the controls.At 12,24hours after the induction of SAP,8 rats in each group were sacrificed.Plasma glutamine concentrations were measured by HPLC.The regional pancreatic microvascular blood flow was measured by Dopplar ultrasound,the blood flow of portal vein,spleen artery and superior mesenteric artery was also measured. Results: Enterally administered Gln was well tolerated by the rats.There was an increase in plasma Gln levels after Gln supplementation on Gln group.The regional pancreatic microvascular blood flow decreased significantly in SAP group( P

Objective To investigate the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) proliferation under acute kidney injury (AKI) microenvironment,and to study its possible mechanism.Methods C57BL/6 mice's MSCs (mMSCs) were isolated by Percoll density gradient centrifugation and adherence cultivation.Surface markers were identified by flow cytometry.AKI mice models were made by clamping bilateral renal pedicles for 30 minutes and reopening for 30 minutes.Then both renal cortex was drew immediately to make IR kidney homogenate supernatant.P3-mMSCs were divided into different groups: Group A: low glucose DMEM medium with 10% fetal bovine serum; Group B: low glucose DMEM medium with 10% fetal bovine serum plus IR kidney homogenate supernatant; Group C: low glucose DMEM medium with 10% fetal bovine serum plus IR kidney homogenate supernatant and different concentrations of EPO (1,5,10,50 U/ml).Each group was incubated for 1 d,3 d,5 d,7 d.Proliferation of mMSCs was detected by CCK-8,and apoptosis was detected by TUNEL.The protein expression of erythropoietin receptor(EPOR) and the proteins of proliferation/apoptosis related signal pathway were examined by Western blotting.Results Under IR kidney homogenate supernatant,the proliferation ability of mMSCs decreased significantly (P＜0.01),while the apoptoic percentage was significantly higher than that of Group A (P＜0.01).After intervention of EPO,mMSCs proliferation enhanced,at the same time,the apoptoic percentage decreased,in a dose-dependent manner.EPOR was positive in P3-mMSCs by Western blotting.EPO decreased the expression of caspase-3 in mMSCs under AKI microenvironment in a dose- and time-dependent manner,but increased the expression of Bcl-2.Cultured for 5 d,the expression of phosphor-Janus kinase2(p-JAK2) [(0.641 ±0.028) vs (0.456±0.012)] and phosphor-signal transducer and activator of transcription(p-STAT5)[(0.398±0.016) vs (0.209±0.020)] was significantly higher in 10 U/ml EPO group compared to group B.Conclusion Erythropoietin can promote proliferation of mMSCs in vitro under AKI microenvironment,which is mediated by EPOR and related with proliferation/apoptosis signal pathway.

Objective To investigate the histological features,biological features,clinical treatment and prognosis of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma.Methods A retrospective review of 10 patients with pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma treated in our hospital from 1999 to 2008 was conducted and the clinical features,imaging changes,pathologic feature,treatment course and follow-up data were collected.Results There were 9 men and 1 woman with a mean age of (62±8) years old.Tumors were located in the uncinate process in 1 patient,head of pancreas in 7,body and tail in 2.The median size of these tumors was 4.5 cm×4.7 cm;common bile duct and intrahepatic bile duct,pancreatic duct dilation was detected in 7 cases,and superior mesenteric vein was invaded in 2 cases.Of the 10 patients,8 received pancreaticoduodenectomy,among these 8 patients,3 had extended lymph node dissection,2 had portal vein resection and replacement;2received resection of pancreatic body and tail as well as splenectomy.Histologically,the size of these tumors were 4.0 cm×3.3 cm×3.4 cm.Macrescopically,duodenum was invaded in 5 patients,superior mesenteric vein was invaded in 2 patients and neural invasion was present in 7 cases.Lymph node metastasis was noted in 6 cases.Follow-up data was available in 9 patients and 1 patient was lost in follow-up.The survival ranged from 3 to 51 months with a median survival 18 months,and 9 patients died of tumor recurrence and metastasis after operation.Conclusions Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma should be recognized as a distinct tumor entity and it may not be sensitive to radiotherapy or chemotherapy.The biological features of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma should be investigated further.