Recently the research of vaccines and drugs against anthrax is one of hot spots. The efficacy of anthrax vaccines and drugs can't be experimented in human, therefore the testing model is very important. The cell models mainly include CHO and J774A.1. Now, various kinds of animals including mice, rats, rabbits, and nonhuman primates were experimented as animal models. Because the models are different, the results of experiments are significantly different, sometimes they are contrary. Many experiments of Bacillus anthracis in different cell and animal models are reviewed, and the principles of choosing animal models of anthrax are discussed. In order to analyze the different results of experiments in different models, the pathogenesis of Bacillus anthracis and the researching progress of anthrax vaccines and drugs are also simply introduced .

Objective To investigate the effect of Xuebi-jing injection on the change of the serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD). Methods 86 patients with AECOPD were enrolled in this study, who was randomly divided into a control group (43 cases)and a treatment group (43 cases). Both treatment group and control group were given conventional therapy. On this basis, Xuebi-jing injection was added to the treatment group. Hs-CRP, blood gas analysis, blood cell count and severity of illness score (acute physiological and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ, APACHE Ⅱ) were monitored before and 5 days after treatment. Results There was no obvious difference of hs-CRP levels between two groups before treatment. Hs-CRP was decreased in both groups after the treatment, while the treatment group showed an obvious decrease compared with the control group (t＝5.3302,P＜0.01). Blood gas analysis, blood cecount, APACHE Ⅱ scores were improved after the treatment in both groups, while the improvement in treatment group showed obvious difference than the control group (t＝13.5089、26.3077 、13.4053,P＜0.01). Conclusion The conventional therapy plus Xuebi-jing injectiong for AECOPD can improve serum hs-CRP levels and improve the efficacy of AECOPD .

Objective Evaluate the diagnostic value of PET/CT in the preoperative advanced gastric carcinoma comparing with mult;-slice spiral computed tomography. Methods Thirty-nine advanced gastric carcinoma patients taking PET/CT and abstract 40 advanced gastric carcinoma patients performing MSCT before operation,were done the TNM staging, and the Results were compared with the operation histopathology. Results For diagnosing primary lesions, regional lymph nodes, N3 lymph nodes ,PET/CT was accurate in 92.3% , 66.7% and 100.0%.Instead, MSCT was accurate in 82.0% , 50.0% and 62.5%. Conclusions (1) PET/CT and MSCT have high accuracy in diagnosing primary lesions and regional lymph nodes. But for detecting the N3 lymph nodes and distant metastasis, PET/CT has higher accuracy than MSCT. PET/CT combining abdominoscopy may decrease or avoid exploratory laparotomy.

This paper presents the configuration defect of HITACHI 7080 biochemical analyzer and the trouble from it.The resolvent is also put forward.

Objective To explore the expression of Ezrin in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and the relation of Ezrin expression to E-cadherin,proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and clinical features of HCC.Methods Forty-nine cases of HCC were divided into high and low invasive groups according to tumor size,disseminated lesions,distant metastasis,tumor capsule and portal vein tumor thrombus.The expression of Ezrin,E-cadherin and PCNA in normal liver tissues,HCC and adjacent tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry,and the relation of the expression to clinical features was analyzed.Results The Ezrin expression was found in normal liver tissues,HCC and adjacent tissues,and was significantly higher in HCC tissues than in adjacent and normal liver tissues(P

Objective To observe the expression changes of peripheral endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and Ang-1/Tie2 in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).Methods From Jun 2011 to Dec 2012,45 patients with PAH charged in Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University were divided into 3 groups according to mean pulmonary arterial blood pressure (15 per group):mild(Group L),moderate(Group M),and severe(Group S),with another 15 normal people as control group(Group C).The EPCs were isolated from peripheral blood of every patient,number counting using fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS),function test using cell culture in vitro.Expression of Ang-1 and Tie2 in the peripheral EPCs were measured by RT-PCR or Western-blot.Non normal data was analyzed by non parametric statistical test.Results The statistical discrepancy existed among Group L,M,S and the control in the number of EPCs [32.0 (27.0,37.0),26.0 (19.0,31.0),24.0 (22.0,26.0) vs 40.0 (37.0,51.0),P ＜ 0.05].The ability of migration [32.1 (26.5,37.5),26.8 (22.4,35.4),21.0 (17.8,34.0) vs 39.0 (33.3,42.4),P＜0.05] and adhesion of the EPCs [57.1(50.9,61.8),51.8(45.2,58.7),46.0 (37.2,55.1) vs 64.1 (56.2,75.0),P ＜ 0.05] among study groups and control group was different in statistic,the same with the proliferation activity of EPCs in different groups [0.6 (0.5,0.7),0.5 (0.4,0.6),0.4(0.3,0.5) vs 0.7(0.6,0.8),P ＜0.05].The mRNA expression of Ang-1 and Tie2 in Group M & S were significantly reduced compared with control [4.33 (2.49,4.62) and 2.89 (2.39,3.44) vs 5.31(3.78,6.22),P＜0.05],Tie2 mRNA[1.32(1.23,1.34)and 1.23(1.08,1.42)vs 1.49(1.25,1.66),P ＜ 0.05],and the protein expression of the phosphorylated Tie 2 in Group M &S were decreased [0.16 (0.15,0.24) and 0.12 (0.08,0.18) vs 0.22 (0.19,0.28),P ＜ 0.05].No significant difference of Ang-1 and Tie2 expression was observed between Group L and control [5.42 (4.72,5.95),1.54 (1.43,1.66) and0.23(0.19,0.33),P=0.674,0.867 and 0.674].Conelusion With the severity of PAH,the number and function of circulating EPCs decreased,as consistent with Ang-1 and Tie2 expression changes,suggesting that function decrease of EPCs in patients with PAH may be associated with the decrease of Ang-1/Tie2 expression.

Objective To determine the expression and clinical value of neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods One hundred and fifty-one cases of HCC tissues and 89 cases of healthy liver tissues were chosen to compare the expression of NRP-1 by immunohistochemistry.Then the relationships between different clinical factors and the expression of NRP-1 were analyzed by univariate and multivariate statistical analysis.Moreover,the survival rates were compared by survival analysis between different expressions of NRP-1 in HCC patients.Results Eleven cases were lost to follow-up or died for non HCC disease,and the effective cases in the final study were 140 cases.The positive expression rates of NRP-1 in HCC and normal liver tissues were 65.00％ and 35.96％ respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =18.843,P ＜0.001).According to the expression level of NRP-1,140 patients with HCC were divided into negative expression group (n =49) and positive expression group (n =91).Univariate analysis showed that the expression of NRP-1 in HCC was correlated with tumor number (x2 =8.025,P =0.005),TNM stage (x2 =26.467,P ＜ 0.001),differentiation degree (x2 =15.296,P ＜ 0.001),portal vein invasion (x2 =9.054,P =0.003) and hepatic vein invasion (x2 =5.928,P =0.015).Multivariate statistical analysis showed that TNM stage (OR =1.392,95％ CI:1.121-1.730,x2 =8.950,P =0.003),differentiation degree (OR =1.469,95％ CI:1.102-1.958,x2 =6.862,P =0.009),portal vein invasion (OR =1.829,95％ CI:1.157-2.893,x2 =6.665,P =0.010) and hepatic vein invasion (OR =2.161,95％ CI:1.172-3.987,x2 =6.084,P =0.014) were important factors for NRP-1 expression.The median survival time of NRP-1 negative HCC patients was significantly longer than that of positive group (44 months vs.23 months),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =21.922,P ＜0.001).Conclusion NRP-1 is over-expression in HCC tissue and related to the malignant progress of HCC,and this suggests poor prognosis in patients with HCC.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of the posterior atlantoaxial pedicle screw fixation combined with unilateral axial spinous process and lamina screws and allogeneic bone graft for atlantoaxial instability.Methods From March 2010 to April 2014,data of 10 patients with atlantoaxial instability who had undergone atlanto-axial vertebral pedicle fixation and interbody fusion combined with posterior atlanto-axial spines lamina nails were retrospectively analyzed.There were 6 males and 4 females with an average age of 39 (range,16-62) years old.The inclusion criteria was atlantoaxial instability together with unilateral vertebral artery segment high cross deformity (7 patients) or atlantoaxial joint break bad involving unilateral pedicle (7 patients).3 patients have spinal cord disease symptoms and physical signs,both suffered limited neck mobility and pain.The VAS scores were 1-8,with an average of 3.70±2.11.Preoperative X-ray,CT three-dimensional reconstruction and MRI were collected.X-ray and CT examination were performed 7 d and 1,3,6,12 months after operation to evaluate the internal fixation and bone grafting fusion.Results There's no occurrence of cervical spinal cord and vertebral artery injury.Screws were successfully implanted.1 case's incision occurred infiltration liquid 3 days after operation.For allograft rejection consideration,we changed the plan,and the infiltrating stopped 5 days later.Other incisions were all primary healing.VAS scores were 1.01±0.89 after operation,which was significantly reduced.X-ray showed good recovery of cervical sequence after the operation,and CT revealed 1 patient with atlas pedicle screw in the medial cortex damage.Spinal canal was without infringing,and the other screw positions were normal.6 months after operation,X-ray or CT examination both showed bony fusion.Conclusion Atlantoaxial pedicle screw fixation combined with unilateral axial spinous process and lamina screws and allograft bone graft fusion for the treatment of atlantoaxial instability can observe good clinical effects.

Objective To evaluate the internal irradiation biological effects of 125I-UdR chitosan nanoparticles in hepatoma cells.Methods The accumulation and distribution of 125I-UdR-CS-DLN in hepatoma cells HepG2 and human liver tissue cells HL-7702 were observed with a confocal microscopy.The internal irradiation biological effects were evaluated by MTT assay,flow cytometry and single cell gel electrophoresis.The apoptosis of in situ rabbit liver tumor treated with 125I-UdR-CS-DLN was assayed by TUNEL staining technique.Results After 30 min of nano-particle treatment,its accumulation in the cytoplasm of HepG2 cells was significantly greater than that in HL-7702 cells.When the concentrations of 125I-UdR-CS-DLN was higher than 37 kBq/ml,the cell viability of HepG2 was significantly lower than that of lL-7702 at 24 and 48 h post-treatment(t =-4.46-6.31,P＜0.05),and the HepG2 cells were arrested at G1 phase and significantly impaired at G2/M phase.In addition,the degrees of DNA doublestrand break of both cell lines irradiated by 125I-UdR-CS-DLN were significantly higher than those treated with 125I-UdR,and the DNA repair capacity of HepG2 cells was significantly lower than that of HL-7702 cells(OTM:t =2.94,P ＜0.05;TDNA％:t =10.64,P ＜0.01).TUNEL staining showed that cell apoptosis could be induced in the rabbit liver carcinoma by 125I-UdR-CS-DLN but not by 125I-UdR.Conclusions The amount of 125I-UdR-CS-DLN absorbed by hepatoma cells is significantly higher than that of 125I-UdR,which suggests that 125 I-UdR-CS-DLN induces more stronger internal radiation biological effects of apoptosis and DNA damage on hepatoma cells.

For the current situation of the time background and the cultivation of innovation ability of undergraduates, the problems of fracture classification, function evaluation and postoperative rehabilitation were realized by a software research team which mainly consisted of medical undergrad-uates. We put the project into practice in forms of software production and software promotion trial separately in the field of teaching and clinical practice to encourage students to be involved in learn-ing in the process of software production of professional knowledge. The implementation of the project worked well, and developed the well-designed relevant mobile software which was convenient in clini-cal practice and acquired computer software copyright, indicating that it can effectively motivate the undergraduates' innovation interest and consciousness through participating in the various links and the software production process, and it can also contribute to the cultivation of the comprehensive practical and innovation ability of medical undergraduates.