Objective To investigate the type of gene mutation and its distribution in patients with thalassemia in Dongguan . Methods 7 845 specimens collected from the patients and individuals with physical examination in our hospital from June 2014 to May 2015 were performed according to the results of routine blood and electrophoresis screening with suspected cases .The speci‐mens with phenotype positive were definitely verified the thalassemia type by using Gap‐PCR and reverse dotblot(RDB) .Results Among 7 845 specimens ,suspected cases of 1 132 cases ,662 specimens were finally diagnosed as α‐thalassemia andβ‐thalassemia , with the thalassemia carrying rate of 8 .44% (662/7 845) ,including 412 cases(5 .25% ) of a‐thalassemia .The most common type ofαα/‐‐SEA ,‐α3 .7/ααaccounted for 61 .17% and 17 .48% inα‐thalassemia ,also detected HKαα/‐‐SEA mixed type in 1 case and 250 cases(3 .19% ) ofβ‐thalassemia cases .The most common type ofβCD41‐42/βN ,βIVS‐Ⅱ‐654/βN ,βCD17/βN accounted for 37 .6% , 23 .2% ,16 .0% inβ‐thalassemia .The α‐thalassemia composite β‐thalassemia for 12 cases(0 .18% ) .Conclusion Dongguan city of Guangdong province is a high incidence area of thalassemia .Premarital examination ,genetic counseling should be strengthened ,and reduce the birth rate of the thalassemia children to improve the quality of the population .

Objective To investigate the optimal adaptation period for mice at different developmental stages during metabolic cage experiments, aiming to provide a reference for conducting metabolic research using mice. Methods A total of 80 male C57BL/6J mice at three developmental stages (weaning period M1, adolescent M2, and adulthood M3) were subjected to a 7-day metabolic cage experiment. Data on food intake, water intake, energy expenditure, respiratory quotient, body weight, and activity levels were recorded every five minutes. The collected data were processed using time series decomposition and comprehensive cluster analysis. Statistical differences were compared using repeated measures ANOVA combined with t-test to determine the optimal adaptation period. Results Significant differences in metabolism were observed among mice in different developmental stages (P<0.01). Compared with adolescent (M2) and adult (M3) mice, weaned mice (M1) exhibited lower activity level (P<0.01) and less distinct circadian rhythm. M1 mice had higher oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, and energy expenditure, as well as a lower respiratory quotient (all P<0.001), indicating that they mainly relied on fat as an energy source. Analysis of food intake, water intake, and energy expenditure revealed significant differences between the first light cycle (0-12 h) and the second light cycle (24-36 h) across all developmental stages (all P<0.05) . However, there was no significant difference in daily food intake or water intake after 24 hours (both P>0.05). Comprehensive cluster analysis of multiple indicators showed that the overall indicators of mice during the first 24 hours in the metabolic cages did not cluster with those of the subsequent 6 days, demonstrating significant differences. Conclusion Metabolic cage experiment can be used to detect continuous physiological changes in mice. The results suggest that mice can adapt to new metabolic cages environment within 24 hours, providing a theoretical basis for the design of metabolic experiments using mice.