Human avian-origin influenza A (H7N9)virus is a novel subtype of avian influenza A virus,which firstly emerged at the end of March 2013 in Shanghai and Anhui province.It rapidly spread in China within a short time,causing high morbidity and mortality,arousing fear and panic in public,and attracting extensive attention worldwide.The analysis of human H7N9 avian influenza virus gene shows a high affinity for α-2,6-linked sialic acid receptors expressed on human respiratory epithelial cells.At present,the sporadic cases of human H7N9 avian influenza virusare occasionally reported with an epidemic peaksat winter and spring.This article reviews clinical features,epidemiology and genetic characteristics of H7N9 avian influenza virus,proving scientific evidences foreffective prevention and control of H7N9 virus infection.

Objective To analyze the molecular characteristics of human pathogenic avian influenza A H7N9 virus.Methods The gene sequences of avian influenza A H7N9 virus (30 human-originated and 15 avian-originated) isolated in Zhejiang province from 2013 to 2015 were downloaded from Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data ( GISAID), and then the evolution characteristics, the sites related to receptor binding, virulence and drug resistance of H7N9 virus were analyzed by MEGA 6.0 software. Results There were minor differences in HA and NA genes between human H7N9 virus strains and poultry reference strains in Zhejiang province with the homology of 98.0%-100.0% and 97.4%-100.0%, respectively.Viral amino acid variation showed that 30 representative strains had mutations at 226 (Q226L/I) and 186(G186V) sites in HA protein, and all strains isolated from 2015 had A134V mutation;one strain had R294K mutation in NA gene;19 strains had E627K mutation in PB2 and 2 strains had D701N mutation;mutation S31N was found in M2 gene in all isolates; and all HA cleavage sites were PEIPKGR↓GLF, indicating low pathogenic strain.Conclusions The homology of HA and NA genes is high between poultry reference strains and human H7N9 virus strains in Zhejiang province during 2013 and 2015.Strains have some significant mutations of amino acid in HA and NA protein.All isolates show ion channel inhibitors ( Amantadine) resistance, and some isolates show resistance mutations with neuraminidase inhibitors.

Objectives To investigate the ratios of peripheral blood CD4+CD8+ and CD4+CD25+ regulative T cells, and explore the association with hepatic damnification and anti-AMA-M2 antibodies.Methods The percentage of CD4+CD8+T cells and CD4+CD25+T cells in peripheral blood from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) (n=27)、26 patients with other hepatic desease、30 normal individuals were measured by flowcytometry.Results Patients with PBC had statistically higher levels of CD4+CD25+T cells than the patients with other hepatic disease (P

Objective: To investigate the ratios of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+,CD4+CD8+ regulative T cells of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) patients, and explore the association with disease active stage,nephropathy,serum anti-ds-DNA antibody,and both IgG and C3 levels. Methods: The percentage of CD4+CD25+T cells and CD4+CD8+T cells of peripheral blood from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)(30 females and 7 males),30 rheumatism controls and 30 normal individuals were measured by flowcytometry. Results: Patients with active disease had statisitically lower levels of CD4+CD25+T cells than did normal controls(P

Objective To illustrate the chest radiography and MSCT findings of measles pneumonia in adults. Methods One hundred and sixty three measles patients underwent chest radiography, MSCT was performed in 3 of them. Measles pneumonia was confirmed in 10 patients (6.13%). Results Eight of 10 patients had abnormal appearances in initial chest radiography. The characteristic chest radiographic findings were ground-glass opacities (n=6) and bronchial wall thickening (n=2). MSCT showed bilateral multiple ground-glass opacities in 1 patient,unilateral patchy ground-glass opacities with lobular distribution in the right upper lung in 2 patients. Conclusions Familiarizing with radiographic and MSCT appearances of measles pneumonia in adults is very important for the differential diagnosis and appropriate management of measles pneumonia. Normal initial chest radiography cannot exclude the involvement of the lungs.

Iris image quality evaluation plays a very important part in iris computer recognition. An iris image quality evaluation method was introduced into this study to distinguish good image from bad image caused by pupil distortion, blurred boundary, two circles appearing not concentric, and severe occlusion by eyelids and eyelashes. The tests based on this method gave good results.
Humans ; Image Enhancement ; methods ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Iris ; anatomy & histology ; Pattern Recognition, Automated ; methods ; Photogrammetry ; methods ; standards

23 subjects' 8-lead (Fp1, Fp2, Cp3, Cp4, T7, T8, P7, P8) electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded when they were doing mental arithmetic at four different levels. We calculated the information transmission time series in human cerebral cortex basing on EEG, and the Lempel-Ziv complexity and C1C2 complexity of these time series. When 20 subjects were doing the most difficult mental arithmetic, the information transmission series between lead at left-brain (Cp3, T7, P7) and other leads was of more complexity than others; a light "cross" could be seen after the information transmission matrix was converted to image; when complexity was calculated, the difference was more significant by use of C1 complexity than by other complexity measures.
Cerebral Cortex ; physiology ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Intelligence Tests ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Synaptic Transmission ; physiology

Objective To investigate the association of TGF-β receptor typeⅡ(TβRⅡ)mRNA with lupus nephritis (LN) and disease activity by testing its expression levelin peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).Methotis Forty-four patients with LN were included in this study.They were all had active LN.Twepty-eight LN patients were taking glueocorticoids and/or immunosuppressive agents and sixteen had never taken steroids or immunosuppressive agents.The expression levels of T13R H mRNA were semi-quantitativelydetermined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Resuits The expression levels of TβRⅡ mRNA in PBMCs from LN patients(1.7±1.0)were lower than those of non-lupus nephritis(4.0±3.1) and healthy subiects(4.1±2.5),(P<0.01).The difference of the expression levels between patients who took and had never taken glucocorticoids and/or immunosuppressive drugs was significantly statistically(P<0.05).The expression levels of TβRⅡ mRNA in PBMCs of patients with LN were correlated significantly with the systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI)scores(r-0.309.P<0.05),titers of anti-dsDNA antibody(r=-0.401,P<0.01)and serum complement C3 level(r=0.621,P<0.01).Conclusion This study suggests that TβRⅡ may be involved in the development of LN,and the TβRⅡ mRNA expression levels in PBMCs from patients with SLE are significantly correlated with LN activity.Glucocortieoids or immunosuppressive drugs can increase the expression levels of TβRⅡ mRNA and ameliorate renal damage.

Objective To summarize the method and effects of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (EC-MO) for eight patients with sever heart or(and) lung diseases,and to get some reliable advises by analysis of retro-spoctive indications,timing and result in ECMO therapy. Methods Eight patients,aging from 26 to 82 and weighted from 57-87 kg were observed. Vein-artery ECMO was used in all patients,with the flow in 40-70 ml/(kg·min) and the activated clotting time(ACT) kept at 160-200 s. Results The time of ECMO support varied from 9.5 h to 84.1 h;Among the eight patients,one didn't weaned from ECMO and died,two who were weaned died 38 h ,6 h af-ter ECMO;five patients weanned succsesefully from ECMO and discharged. Conclusions ECMO do well in treat-ment of severe cardiopulmonary failure, resuscitation and support post cardiosurgery,and the indication and timing performance are important to the final result.

Objective To compare inter-hospital transport and clinical outcome in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)patients whom were transported either on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) or on conventional ventilation,and to investigate the optimal means of inter-hospital transport. Methods Eleven patients with severe ARDS who were invalid under conventional ventilation and were transported from other hospitals to Tianjin Third Central Hospital from November 2009 to January 2014 were analyzed. Five patients were transported on ECMO(observation group)and 6 on conventional ventilation(control group). The clinical characteristics,outcomes, transportation,vital signs before and after transportation,respiratory parameters,and Murray score between two groups were compared. Results Patients in observation group were significantly older than those in control group〔years:73(46,77)vs. 34(23,46),Z=-2.293,P=0.022〕. There was no significant difference between observation group and control group in acute pathologic and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)score,Murray score,oxygenation index(PaO2/FiO2)before transportation,transit time,and transit distance〔APACHEⅡscore:36(33,39)vs. 27(23,35),Z=-1.830,P=0.067;Murray score:3.5±0.3 vs. 3.4±0.2,t=0.667,P=0.524;PaO2/FiO2(mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa):61±14 vs. 63±14,t=-0.249,P=0.809;transit time(minutes):24(18,74)vs. 79(41, 86),Z=-1.654,P=0.098;transit distance(km):12.9(8.3,71.8)vs. 72.4(39.5,86.8),Z=-1.651,P=0.099〕. There was no significant difference between two groups in vital signs and respiratory parameters before transportation. When arrived in ECMO centre,heart rate,respiratory rate,fractional inspired oxygen,inspiratory pressure and Murray score in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group〔heart rate(beat/min):102±16 vs. 136±8, t=-4.374, P=0.002;respiratory rate(beat/min):23±3 vs. 37±2,t=-7.967,P=0.000;fractional inspired oxygen:0.40±0.05 vs. 0.96±0.09,t=-12.152,P=0.000;inspiratory pressure(cmH2O, 1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa):21±1 vs. 34±4,t=-6.887,P=0.000;Murray score:2.7±0.2 vs. 3.8±0.2,t=-8.573, P=0.000〕,but PaO2/FiO2 was higher than that of control group(mmHg:278±65 vs. 41±5 ,t=8.075,P=0.001). Four patients were survived in observation group,and one died from the shortage of oxygen induced lung injury deterioration during transportation. Three patients died in control group,which was directly associated with lung injury deterioration. Conclusion For patients with severe ARDS who need the support of ECMO,ECMO-assisted transfer is safer than conventional ventilation,but transfer should be implemented by experienced team.