Objective To observe the effects of early exercise on the expression of synaptophysin pro-tein and Nissl bodies in the hippocampus after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage( HIBD) , and to investigate possi-ble mechanisms. Methods A total of 35 neonatal Wistar rats aged 7 days were randomly divided into a train-ing group of 13, a control group of 11 and a sham-operation group of 11. HIBD was induced in the rats of the training and control groups, while those in the sham-operation group had the left common carotid artery separa-ted, but without ligation. Seven days after successful modeling, the training group began swimming training for 10 min every day lasting for 14 days, while the other groups were not trained. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of synaptophysin in the affected hippocampus of the brain based on the ratio of the gray band val-ues for synaptophysin and beta. Nissl staining was applied to observe the number of Nissl bodies and the morphol-ogy of the neurons in the hippocampus. Results The average expression of synaptophysin in the sinistrocere-bral hippocampus of the rats in the control group was significantly lower than that in the sham-operation group, but significantly higher than that of the training group. The control group had significantly fewer Nissl bodies than the sham-operation group, but significantly more than the training group. Conclusion Early training can in-crease the expression of synaptophysin and the number of Nissl body in the hippocampus after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.

Objective To observe any effect of intensive training on the degree of depression and the expression of Kalirin-7 in the hippocampus of rats modeling with post-stroke depression,and to investigatc possible mechanisms.Methods Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a post-stroke depression (PSD) group,a routine training group,an intensive training group and a sham-operation group (n =10 for each group).All except the sham-operation group were given the middle cerebral artery occlusion using the intraluminal thread method,and chronic mild stress was applied.The PSD group and the sham-operation group were not given any training.The routine training group was trained oncc a day,and the intensive training group was trained twice a day.The sucrose preference test,open field test and forced swimming test were conducted at the outset and after 14 and 28 days of training.The expression of Kalirin-7 in the left hippocampus was detected using Western blotting.Results After 14 days of training,significant differences were found in the test results of the sham-operation group compared with the other groups (P＜0.05).There were also significant differences in the average results on all 3 tests among all of the groups except the sham-operation group.At both 14 and 28 days after training,the average expression of Kalirin-7 in both the routine and intensive training groups was significantly higher than in the PSD group (P＜0.05),and that of the intensive training group was significantly higher than that of the routine training group at the same time points (P＜0.05).Conclusion Intensive training can relieve depression and increase the expression of the Kalirin-7 in the hippocampus,at least in rats.

Objective To observe the effect of intensive training on lower extremity motor function and depression after stroke.Methods Thirty patients with post-stroke depression were randomly divided into an intensive training group and a control group,each of 15.Both groups received conventional anti-stroke and antidepressant drug therapy,and rehabilitation training.The intensive training group,however,was additionally provided with lower extremity motor function training each day.Hamilton Depression Rating Scale,the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA),10-meter maximum walking speed test (10MWT) and the Holden functional ambulation categories (FAC) were conducted before treatment,and 2 and 4 weeks after the treatment.The level of human β-endophin (β-EP) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the serum were also detected.Results After 4 weeks of treatment,the FAM,10MWT,BDNF and β-EP were significantly improved in both groups compared to those before the treatment (P＜ 0.05).No significant differences,however,were found between the 2 groups in the above measurements after 2 weeks of treatment (P＞0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,the FAM (20.67±6.79),10MWT [(0.48±0.22)m/s],BDNF [(10.81±2.33)μg/L] and β-EP [(164.02±42.15)ng/L] of the intensive training group were significantly improved compared to those of the control group (P＜0.05).Both after 2 weeks and 4 weeks treatment,the HAMD scores of the intensive training group (16.33±6.74 and 12.13±5.44) were significantly better than those of the control group (P＜ 0.05).However,there was no significant difference in terms of FAC between the two groups either after 2 weeks or 4 weeks of treatment (P＞0.05).Conclusion The intensive training can improve motor function and relieve poststroke depression of stroke survivors.It is worth promoting and applying in clinical practice.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for yersiniosis, so as to provide insights into prevention of yersiniosis. Methods: The patients with yersiniosis admitted to the clinics in the surveillance site of Chengbei Township of Jin'an District and Chengnan Township of Yu'an District in Lu'an City from 2013 to 2021 were included as the case group, and the healthy family members matched to cases were selected as the family control group, while normal residents with a 1︰2 match in the same village, gender, and age difference within 5 years were included in the community control group. Participants' demographics, hand-washing and eating habits, living environment hygiene, poultry and livestock feeding were collected using questionnaire surveys, and factors affecting yersiniosis were identified using a multivariable conditional logistic regression model. Results: There were 43 cases in the case group, with a median (interquartile range) age of 45 (34) years, 91 cases in the family control group, with a median (interquartile range) age of 36 (36) years and 86 cases in the community control group, with a median (interquartile range) age of 46 (34) years. Multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the family control group, the habit of drinking unboiled water (OR=6.721, 95%CI: 1.765-25.588), and direct consumption of food stored in the refrigerator (OR=7.089, 95%CI: 1.873-26.829) were risk factors for yersiniosis in the case group; and compared with the community control group, not washing hands after contacting with poultry and livestock (OR=50.592, 95%CI: 2.758-927.997), habit of eating raw vegetables and fruits (OR=5.340, 95%CI: 1.022-27.887), direct consumption of food stored in the refrigerator (OR=19.973, 95%CI: 2.118-188.336), and unclean refrigerator (OR=12.692, 95%CI: 1.992-80.869) were risk factors for yersiniosis in the case group. Compared with the family and community control groups, not washing hands after contacting with poultry and livestock (OR=4.075, 95%CI: 1.427-11.637), habit of drinking unboiled water (OR=4.153, 95%CI: 1.331-12.957), habit of eating raw vegetables and fruits (OR=4.744, 95%CI: 1.609-13.993), and direct consumption of food stored in the refrigerator (OR=5.051, 95%CI: 1.773-14.395) were risk factors for yersiniosis in the control group. Conclusion Unhealthy habits such as eating raw vegetables and fruits, drinking unboiled water, direct consumption of food stored in the refrigerator, unclean refrigerator, and not washing hands after contacting poultry and livestock may increase the risk of yersiniosis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of acute renal infarction.Methods Two cases (3 sides) of acute renal infarction were reported.The patients were 1 male and 1 female,with the age of 62 and 54 years.Case 1 presented acute left flank pain,and enhanced CT showed a non-enhanced area in the upper and mid pole of the left kidney.The diagnosis of focal renal infarction was made and treated with low-molecular heparin (6000 U ).Case 2 presented acute both right abdominal and flank pain,and enhanced CT showed right renal artery embolism and right renal complete infarction.Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and catheter thrombolytic therapy was applied.4 months later,the patient presented acute left flank pain,and enhanced CT showed a low density area in left kidney without enhanced by contrast,and DSA and catheter thrombolytic therapy was applied again.Results In case 1,contrastenhanced MRI showed a still low signal area like enhanced CT after 2 days of treatment.The renal function remained normal in the follow-up of 36 months.In case 2,the right kidney resorted to moderate blood flow but became atrophy later.In the follow-up of 4 months,a recurrent focal infarction was confirmed in left kidney by enhanced CT.The left kidney also resorted to moderate bloodflow after DSA and catheter thrombolytic therapy.The renal function became normal after follow-up of 10 months and no new infarction was observed.Conclusions The diagnosis of acute renal infraction could be made by enhanced CT or MRI.Early diagnosis and location of the infraction renal artery is critical for recovery of the impaired renal function.Acute renal infraction should be suspected in patients with unexplained persistent and steady flank or abdominal pain in emergence department.

Objective To study the relationship of CSF and serum FGF-2 level with clinical parameters in MND patients.Methods Ninety-one MND patients served as a MND group and 40 noninflammtory nervous system disease patients served as a control group.Their CSF and serum FGF-2 level were measured by ELISA.The neurological deficit in ALS patients was assessed according to the modified ALSFRS-r,the progression of MND was assessed according to the DPR.The ALS patients were followed up,during which their survival time was recorded.Results The serum FGF-2 level was significantly higher in MND group than in control group (P＜0.01).The CSF,FGF-2 level were significantly higher in ALS patients of MND group than in those of control group (319.2±105.9 ng/L vs 241.7±34.3 ng/L,P＜0.01).The CSF and serum FGF-2 level were positively correlated with the duration of MND and negatively correlated with the DRP in ALS patients (P＜0.01).Survival analysis of MND patients indicated that the survival time of PMA patients was longer than that of PLS,ALS and PBP patients (P=0.000).The cumulative survival rate of ALS patients with a high serum FGF-2 level was significantly higher than that of those with a low serum FGF-2 level (P=0.002).Conclusion The CSF and serum FGF-2 level are higher in some MND patients and can be used as one of the biomarkers for evaluating the progression and predicting surrival.

Objective To study the clinical significance of serum hs-CRP level in smokers with carotid atherosclerosis (CA) and analyze its difference in subtypes of CA.Methods Two hundred and ninety-eight smokers with CA served as a smoker group and 120 non-smokers with CA served as a non-smoker group,50 healthy smokers without CA served as control group 1 and 50 healthy non-smokers served as control group 2.Their serum hs-CRP level was measured by colloid-enhanced immunoturbidimetry.Smokers were divided into stable plaque group and unstable plaque group.Effect of smoking on serum hs-CRP level in CA patients was analyzed.Results The serum hs-CRP level was significantly higher in smoker group and control group 1 than in non-smoker group and control group 2 (7.26±4.24 mg/L vs 3.56±2.28 mg/L,4.34±2.74 mg/L vs 3.17± 1.68 mg/L,P＜0.05).The smoking index was positively related with the serum hs-CRP level (r=0.395,P＜0.01).The number of daily smoked cigarettes was significantly greater in unstable plaque group than in stable plaque group (P＜0.05).The recurrence rate of ischemic stroke was significantly higher in smokers with a high serum hs-CRP level than in those with a low serum hs-CRP level (11.36％ vs 2.00％,P＜0.01).Conclusion Smoking can increase the serum hs-CRP level in CA patients,which is closely related with the stability of plaques and the recurrence of ischemic stroke.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China with high morbidity and mortality,and its mortality rate is only lower than that of gastric cancer.It poses a serious threat to patients' life,which needs to be given special concerns by clinicians and patients for active implementation of effective treatment methods.Generally,major operation is the mainstay of management.Radiotherapy has gained its popularity when diagnosed have no indications for surgical therapy.An effective radiotherapy plans promote the remission of hepatocellular carcinoma to improve patients condition,prognosis,and survival rate.Therefore,we conducted this study to know the research progress of radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To analyze the correlation of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level with hemodynamic parameters and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level in patients with lacunar infarction and its significance in lacunar infarction.Methods Transcranial Doppler examination was performed in 120 patients with lacunar infarction admitted to our hospital from February 2012 to March 2013 and 100 healthy controls; systolic flow velocity (SFV),distalotic flow velocity (DFV),mean flow velocity (MFV) and pulsatility index (PI) were assessed at the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and basilar artery (BA).Serum creatinine,total cholesterol,triglycerides,HDL-C,and low-densitylipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were detected using enzymatic colorimetric method.Plasma Hcy level was measured by circulating enzymatic method.Results Blood flow velocity indexes,such as SFV,DFV,MFV and PI in the MCA of lacunar cerebral infarction patients,were significantly higher than those in their BA and the MCA blood of control group,with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05); blood flow velocity indexes,such as MFV and PI in the BA of lacunar cerebral infarction patients,were higher than those in the BA of the control group,with significant differences (P＜0.05).Lacunar cerebral infarction patients had significantly higher levels of Hcy,total cholesterol,LDL-C,tdglycerides,and HDL-C as compared with control group,with statistical differences (P＜0.05).Linear correlation analysis showed that PI of MCA and BA and Hcy level were positively correlated in lacunar infarction patients (r=0.530,P=0.020; r=0.450,P=0.010); and HDL-C and Hcy levels had negative correlation (r=-0.308,P=0.010).Conclusion A significant association between plasma Hcy and PI of cerebral arteries and serum HDL-C level indicates that Hcy plays a role in the increase of distal arterial resistance in lacunar infarction.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the axillary approach in the treatment of scapular glenoid fracture.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed of the 12 patients who had been treated for scapular glenoid fracture from November 2019 to April 2021 at Department of Upper Limb Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou Orthopaedic Hospital. They were 4 males and 8 females, aged from 30 to 75 years (mean, 53.5 years). According to the Ideberg classification, there were 2 cases of type Ⅰa, 9 cases of type Ⅱ and one case of type Ⅴa. All cases were treated through the axillary approach. Two patients complicated with anterior shoulder dislocation were treated with manual reduction under anesthesia before operation and the other 10 cases with special plate fixation through the axillary approach. The 3 patients complicated with fracture of greater tuberosity were fixated with a special plate through the lateral shoulder split deltoid approach. Constant-Murley score, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Hawkins grading were used at the last follow-up to evaluate shoulder function, pain and stability after operation.Results:All patients were followed up for 9 to 20 months (mean, 14.4 months). The operation time ranged from 55 to 110 min (mean, 76.3 min), intraoperative bleeding from 60 to 160 mL (mean, 103.8 mL), and hospital stay from 8 to 14 d (mean, 11.1 d). All incisions healed primarily and all scapular glenoid fractures got united 6 months after operation. The last follow-up showed no shoulder instability, neurovascular injury or internal fixation failure. At the last follow-up, the range of motion of the shoulder was 159.2°±26.1° in forward bending, 156.7°±29.6° in abduction, 48.3°± 15.3° in external rotation (neutral position), and 73.3°±12.3° in internal rotation (neutral position), and the Constant-Murley score was (94.0±5.3) points. The range of motion of the shoulder and Constant-Murley score were significantly improved compared with those before operation (10.8°±11.6°, 7.5°±11.4°, 5.8°±10.0°, 42.5°±16.0° and 4.9±4.0, respectively) (all P<0.05). The VAS score was 0 in 11 patients and 2 in one patient at the last follow-up. Conclusion:The axillary approach is feasible for the treatment of scapular glenoid fracture, because it is hidden and less invasive, leading to good clinical outcomes.