The dissolution rates of Yiganling Tablets produced by 6 pharmaceutical factories of China and Liganlong Tablets by MAOAUS Factory in German were investigated. As a result, after 30min, the dissolution of all Yiganling is below 30％ and that of Liganlong is 50%. After 120min, the largest dissolution of the former isn't over 43%, and that of the later is about 55％, which indicates that silymarin tablets dissolve more slowly and their bioavailability is lower. The dissolubility can be raised 37, 60 and 27 times, respectively if the silymarin was made into PEG fusion) PVP coprecipitation or ?-CD inclusion compound. The disolution rate (T_(50)) of correspording tablets are 14, 11 and 20min. The largest dissolution after 120min reaches about 80%-103％. There isn't any change observed in the structure of silymarin in solid dispersion when it was identified with UV, IR and TLC. The micropolariscope photograph shows the crystal degree decreased and the dispersity increased.

Objective: This study explores the applicability of a multi-attribute decision-making method in assessing Guizhi Decoction (GZD) and its varieties as noted in the Shanghanlun. Methods: A known multi-attribute decision-making method, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), was adopted to transform the clinical challenge of selecting optional decoction for a given combination of symptoms or signs into multiple criteria decision-making problem. Results: A normative model based on the AHP was realized for indications of GZD and its varieties. The indications of sub-family GZD-f (indications of GZD itself) were exterior illness; the indications of GZD-vf1 (indications of GZD's variants which consist of fine adjustments to the ingredients or content on the basis of GZD) were exterior illness with interior excess, suggesting that GZD-vf1 consisted of most conservative variants of GZD; the indications of both GZD-vf2 (indications of Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Decoction and its derivative variants) and GZD-vf3 (indications of Guizhi Gancao Decoction and its derivative variants) showed evolution from exterior illness to interior deficiency in 2 directions. As to efficacy evaluation of the decoction, GZD and its varieties (restricted to those comparable ones) were of equal efficacy on 3 popular signs or symptoms indicating exterior illness: floating pulse, aversion to wind and spontaneous sweating, which were the common ground of indications for the GZD family. Conclusion: Modeling of diagnostic procedure based on the AHP is proved practicable to analyze the clinical judgment system of traditional Chinese medicine. Quantification research on syndrome differentiation and decoction evaluation system focused on signs and symptoms is suggested as a feasible and reliable model.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of selective mini-incision procedure for superficial varicose veins of lower extremities. Methods A total of 89 patients with local superficial varicose veins (101 veins) treated in this hospital from January 1998 to July 2003 entered the study.Stetho-Doppler and finger pressure examination were performed preoperatively in all the patients to locate the malfunctioned venous valves.Ligation of communicating veins combined with saphenectomy was carried out by way of mini-incision under local anesthesia. Results The sutured wounds in all the patients healed by first intention.Out of 36 limbs with swelling and heaviness,symptoms disappeared in 29 limbs and relieved in 7 limbs.Localized subcutaneous hematoma beneath the incision occurred in 3 patients,but no skin numbness or other complications took place.Follow-up ranged from 1 month to 5 years [(30 2?18 8)months] and 65 patients were followed for more than 1 year.No recurrence of superficial varicosis of lower limbs was seen. Conclusions Selective mini-incision procedure for the treatment of varicose vein of lower extremities is feasible,simple,safe and effective.

Objective To establish a nude mouse model of low rectal cancer with lymph node metastasis, to detect the expression of E-calcium (E-cad) in the serum and transplanted tumor tissue of the mice, and to analyze the role of E-cad in lymph node metastasis of rectal cancer.Methods Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (SW-480) were inoculated into the rectal submucosa of nude mice to establish a model of low rectal cancer with lymph node metastasis.120 nude mice were randomly divided into three groups (40 mice in each group).Group A (rectal cancer model group) was injected with dimethylhydrazine and implanted with SW480 cells.Group B (dimethylhydrazine control group) was injected with dimethylhydrazine alone.The group C (control group) received no treatment.Serum E-cad was detected by ELISA.The mRNA and protein expression of E-cad in the tumor tissue was detected by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively.Results The serum level of E-cad in group A was 19.48±1.25 mg/L, significantly higher than those in groups B (2.36±0.18 mg/L) and C (2.15±0.12 mg/L) (t =8.28, 9.01, P < 0.05).The serum levels of E-cad were significantly higher in the nude mice with lateral lymph node metastasis than those without lymph node metastasis (t =10.28, P < 0.05).The protein expression of E-cad in the group A was lower than that in the groups B and C (t =9.81, 7.69, P < 0.05).In the group A, the protein expression of E-cad in the nude mice with lateral lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that without lateral lymph node metastasis (t =9.36, P < 0.05).The mRNA expression of E-cad in the group A was significantly lower than that in the groups B and C (P < 0.05), and the mRNA expression of E-cad in the nude mice with lateral lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that in the mice without lateral lymph node metastasis (t =7.85, P < 0.05).Conclusions The serum level of E-cad may be closely associated with the lymphatic metastasis of rectal cancer, and the mRNA and protein expressions of E-cad in colorectal cancer tissue were weak or absent, leading to a decrease of adhesion ability between cancer cells, and promote the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic value of emergency Angiography in massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage.Methods 19 patients with massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage,failed by internal medicine or under instable condifion,were undergone emergency angiographic diagnosis with hemostatic or embolismic agent infusion at the same time,and were transfered fo surgical department for emergency surgery on time,then the findings of angiographic diagnosis were compwred with the ones of operation.Results All the patients were performed emergency angiography successfully.and the localigation diagnosis rate is 100%.Conclusion Emergency angiography established orientation goal for the emergency surgery,which is safe even if blood pressure of the patients was uncertain by internal medicine,and hemostasis treatment also makes chance for emergency surgery.

To evaluate availability of permissive hypercapnia (PHC) in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Method: To observe the influence of different tidal volumes (V_T) on pulmonary mechanics and hymodynamies in 10 patients with severe ARDS. Result : PHC was induced by decreasing VT from 10-12 ml/kg(routine V_T) to 6-8 ml/kg (small V_T). Arterial oxygen pressure and saturation remained unchanged, but pulmonary venous mixture increased(P

Objective To investigate the sensitization to HLA antigens and relationship between sensitization and allograft function after liver transplantation. Methods The panel reactive antibody (PRA) in serum was determined by using LAT ELISA kit in 15 recipients before and after liver transplantation. Results Moderate sensitization was detected in one of 15 cases before transplantation. The patient experienced one episode of mild rejection, which was reversed by treatment with Methylprednisolone. PRA in this patient maintained positive 3 months posttransplantation. The remaining 14 patients had negative PRA (

OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of alfacalcidol in the adjuvant treatment of bronchiolitis in children. METHODS:Data of 156 children with bronchiolitis were retrospectively collected and divided into observation group(78 cases) and control group (78 cases) by different medication. All children received oxygen inhalation,relieving asthma,antiviral and other conventional treatment,then control group inhaled Budesonide suspension 0.5-1.0 mg + Salbutamol aerosol 0.25 mL for atomization,bid,10 min every times,7-d was a course. Observation group additionally given Alfacalcidol soft capsule 0.010-0.015μg/(kg·d),3 times a week,3-month was a course. They were treated for 3 months. Clinical efficacy,improvement time of clinical symptoms and signs,levels of 25-(OH)D3 and serum LEP,IgA,IgG,IgM and IgE before and after treatment,and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed and compared. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was signifi-cantly higher than control group,improvement time of cough,asthma,wheezing and moist rale were significantly shorter than con-trol group with statistical significansce (P<0.05) after 7-d treatment;after 3-month treatment,25-(OH)D3,IgA and IgG levels were significantly higher than before,and observation group was higher than control group,LEP and IgE levels were significantly lower than before,and observation group was lower than control group,with statistical significances(P<0.05). There was no sig-nificantly difference of the level of IgM in 2 groups before and after treatment. And there were no severe adverse reactions in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Based on conventional treatment,alfacalcidol shows good efficacy in the adjuvant treatment of bronchiol-itis in children,which can obviously enhance immune function,reduce serum LEP level,then shorten remission time of clinical symptoms and signs,with less adverse reactions and good safety.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the dissolution rate between Sanhuang Rapid-disintegrate tablets and Sanhuang sugar-coated tablets. METHODS: The dissolution rates of two preparations of Sanhuang tablets were determined with baicalin as index in accordance with the dissolution determination method stated in China Pharmacopeia, with determination results subjected to statistical treatment. RESULTS: Significant differences were noted in the comparison of dissolution parameter between the two dosage forms. In aqueous medium, the cumulative dissolution rate of Sanhuang sugar-coated tablets at 45 min was 43%～73%, whereas that of the Rapid-disintegrate was above 90%. CONCLUSION: The dissolution rate of Sanhuang Rapid-disintegrate tablets is higher than that of Sanhuang sugar-coated tablets.

0.05).Neither pruritus nor respiratory depression was noted in both groups.CONCLUSION:At an equivalent dose,Nefopam Hydrochloride showed a similar PCSA efficacy to Fentanyl after surgery but less side effect,therefore,it can be applied in postoperative PCSA.