The dissolution rates of Yiganling Tablets produced by 6 pharmaceutical factories of China and Liganlong Tablets by MAOAUS Factory in German were investigated. As a result, after 30min, the dissolution of all Yiganling is below 30％ and that of Liganlong is 50%. After 120min, the largest dissolution of the former isn't over 43%, and that of the later is about 55％, which indicates that silymarin tablets dissolve more slowly and their bioavailability is lower. The dissolubility can be raised 37, 60 and 27 times, respectively if the silymarin was made into PEG fusion) PVP coprecipitation or ?-CD inclusion compound. The disolution rate (T_(50)) of correspording tablets are 14, 11 and 20min. The largest dissolution after 120min reaches about 80%-103％. There isn't any change observed in the structure of silymarin in solid dispersion when it was identified with UV, IR and TLC. The micropolariscope photograph shows the crystal degree decreased and the dispersity increased.

Objective: This study explores the applicability of a multi-attribute decision-making method in assessing Guizhi Decoction (GZD) and its varieties as noted in the Shanghanlun. Methods: A known multi-attribute decision-making method, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), was adopted to transform the clinical challenge of selecting optional decoction for a given combination of symptoms or signs into multiple criteria decision-making problem. Results: A normative model based on the AHP was realized for indications of GZD and its varieties. The indications of sub-family GZD-f (indications of GZD itself) were exterior illness; the indications of GZD-vf1 (indications of GZD's variants which consist of fine adjustments to the ingredients or content on the basis of GZD) were exterior illness with interior excess, suggesting that GZD-vf1 consisted of most conservative variants of GZD; the indications of both GZD-vf2 (indications of Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Decoction and its derivative variants) and GZD-vf3 (indications of Guizhi Gancao Decoction and its derivative variants) showed evolution from exterior illness to interior deficiency in 2 directions. As to efficacy evaluation of the decoction, GZD and its varieties (restricted to those comparable ones) were of equal efficacy on 3 popular signs or symptoms indicating exterior illness: floating pulse, aversion to wind and spontaneous sweating, which were the common ground of indications for the GZD family. Conclusion: Modeling of diagnostic procedure based on the AHP is proved practicable to analyze the clinical judgment system of traditional Chinese medicine. Quantification research on syndrome differentiation and decoction evaluation system focused on signs and symptoms is suggested as a feasible and reliable model.

Objective To establish a nude mouse model of low rectal cancer with lymph node metastasis, to detect the expression of E-calcium (E-cad) in the serum and transplanted tumor tissue of the mice, and to analyze the role of E-cad in lymph node metastasis of rectal cancer.Methods Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (SW-480) were inoculated into the rectal submucosa of nude mice to establish a model of low rectal cancer with lymph node metastasis.120 nude mice were randomly divided into three groups (40 mice in each group).Group A (rectal cancer model group) was injected with dimethylhydrazine and implanted with SW480 cells.Group B (dimethylhydrazine control group) was injected with dimethylhydrazine alone.The group C (control group) received no treatment.Serum E-cad was detected by ELISA.The mRNA and protein expression of E-cad in the tumor tissue was detected by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively.Results The serum level of E-cad in group A was 19.48±1.25 mg/L, significantly higher than those in groups B (2.36±0.18 mg/L) and C (2.15±0.12 mg/L) (t =8.28, 9.01, P < 0.05).The serum levels of E-cad were significantly higher in the nude mice with lateral lymph node metastasis than those without lymph node metastasis (t =10.28, P < 0.05).The protein expression of E-cad in the group A was lower than that in the groups B and C (t =9.81, 7.69, P < 0.05).In the group A, the protein expression of E-cad in the nude mice with lateral lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that without lateral lymph node metastasis (t =9.36, P < 0.05).The mRNA expression of E-cad in the group A was significantly lower than that in the groups B and C (P < 0.05), and the mRNA expression of E-cad in the nude mice with lateral lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that in the mice without lateral lymph node metastasis (t =7.85, P < 0.05).Conclusions The serum level of E-cad may be closely associated with the lymphatic metastasis of rectal cancer, and the mRNA and protein expressions of E-cad in colorectal cancer tissue were weak or absent, leading to a decrease of adhesion ability between cancer cells, and promote the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of selective mini-incision procedure for superficial varicose veins of lower extremities. Methods A total of 89 patients with local superficial varicose veins (101 veins) treated in this hospital from January 1998 to July 2003 entered the study.Stetho-Doppler and finger pressure examination were performed preoperatively in all the patients to locate the malfunctioned venous valves.Ligation of communicating veins combined with saphenectomy was carried out by way of mini-incision under local anesthesia. Results The sutured wounds in all the patients healed by first intention.Out of 36 limbs with swelling and heaviness,symptoms disappeared in 29 limbs and relieved in 7 limbs.Localized subcutaneous hematoma beneath the incision occurred in 3 patients,but no skin numbness or other complications took place.Follow-up ranged from 1 month to 5 years [(30 2?18 8)months] and 65 patients were followed for more than 1 year.No recurrence of superficial varicosis of lower limbs was seen. Conclusions Selective mini-incision procedure for the treatment of varicose vein of lower extremities is feasible,simple,safe and effective.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic value of emergency Angiography in massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage.Methods 19 patients with massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage,failed by internal medicine or under instable condifion,were undergone emergency angiographic diagnosis with hemostatic or embolismic agent infusion at the same time,and were transfered fo surgical department for emergency surgery on time,then the findings of angiographic diagnosis were compwred with the ones of operation.Results All the patients were performed emergency angiography successfully.and the localigation diagnosis rate is 100%.Conclusion Emergency angiography established orientation goal for the emergency surgery,which is safe even if blood pressure of the patients was uncertain by internal medicine,and hemostasis treatment also makes chance for emergency surgery.

Rheological properties of poloxamer 407 (brand named Pluronic F127) were examined by changing shear rate, temperature and the recovery properties of apparent viscosity after heating for several times. The results indicated that poloxamer 407 aqueous solution showed a Newtonian behavior at a low concentration while it might be a pseudoplastic fluid when the concentration reached a certain point. The thixotropy and the sol-gel transition temperature decreased with increasing the concentration (it could be an in situ gel at body temperature when the concentration of poloxamer 407 up to 15.25%). The results that obtained from the theological data would be useful in the application of poloxamer 407 such as in situ gel preparation.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) as anticancer drug carrier has become the new hot point in the field of tumor-targeted drugs delivery system in recent years. Tumor therapeutic agents could be transmitted into cells because of hyaluronic acid innate ability to recognize specific cellular receptors that overexpressed on tumor cells surface. This review introduces the basic properties and physiology foundation of hyaluronic acid. Recent research developments based on different forms of HA tumor-targeted drugs delivery systems are reviewed in particular.

Objective To evaluate the second generation micro-endoscopic discectomy (MED) system in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Methods Eighty-five patients with single or double level lumbar disc herniation were treated with MED under epidural anesthesia from May 2000 to October 2001.Single disc herniation was in 72 cases, double disc herniation in 13 cases; lateral recess stenosis in 15 cases. Results The average following-up period was 14 months and the successful therapeutic results achieved 92 9%(79/85). the patients were allowed to walk 3 d and discharged 3～5 d after operation. The length of incision was only 1.6 cm. Conclusions MED has short-term satisfactory therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. The suitable indication and precise technique are the key for the operation.

Objective To investigate the method of cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) for the repair of atrial septal defect with thoracoscopy. Methods Thirty-six patients with atrial septal defect were operated on.The artery channel and one venous channel were placed in the right femoral artery and femoral venous,the other venous channel was placed in the superior venous cave to set up CPB.The thoracoscope was put into thoracic cavity by the seventh interspace;the other two holes in the fourth interspace were used for operative procedure.The atrial septal defect was closed by thoracoscopy with the help of CPB. Results Except one patient whose incision was extended to stanch bleeding so as to avoid accidents when CPB stopped resulting in low oxygen saturation operation for other patients was successful.After operation,thirty-five patients recovered well and no complication occurred. Conclusions It is safe and reliable to repair atria septal defect with thoracoscopy with the help of CPB.

0.05).Neither pruritus nor respiratory depression was noted in both groups.CONCLUSION:At an equivalent dose,Nefopam Hydrochloride showed a similar PCSA efficacy to Fentanyl after surgery but less side effect,therefore,it can be applied in postoperative PCSA.