1.Comparison of hepatic MDCT, MRI, and DSA to explant pathology for the detection and treatment planning of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Lauren M LADD ; Temel TIRKES ; Mark TANN ; David M AGARWAL ; Matthew S JOHNSON ; Bilal TAHIR ; Kumaresan SANDRASEGARAN
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology 2016;22(4):450-457
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The diagnosis and treatment plan for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be made from radiologic imaging. However, lesion detection may vary depending on the imaging modality. This study aims to evaluate the sensitivities of hepatic multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in the detection of HCC and the consequent management impact on potential liver transplant patients. METHODS: One hundred and sixteen HCC lesions were analyzed in 41 patients who received an orthotopic liver transplant (OLT). All of the patients underwent pretransplantation hepatic DSA, MDCT, and/or MRI. The imaging results were independently reviewed retrospectively in a blinded fashion by two interventional and two abdominal radiologists. The liver explant pathology was used as the gold standard for assessing each imaging modality. RESULTS: The sensitivity for overall HCC detection was higher for cross-sectional imaging using MRI (51.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI]=36.2-58.4%) and MDCT (49.8%, 95% CI=43.7-55.9%) than for DSA (41.7%, 95% CI=36.2-47.3%) (P=0.05). The difference in false-positive rate was not statistically significant between MRI (22%), MDCT (29%), and DSA (29%) (P=0.67). The sensitivity was significantly higher for detecting right lobe lesions than left lobe lesions for all modalities (MRI: 56.1% vs. 43.1%, MDCT: 55.0% vs. 42.0%, and DSA: 46.9% vs. 33.9%; all P<0.01). The sensitivities of the three imaging modalities were also higher for lesions ≥2 cm vs. <2 cm (MRI: 73.4% vs. 32.7%, MDCT: 66.9% vs. 33.8%, and DSA: 62.2% vs. 24.1%; all P<0.01). The interobserver correlation was rated as very good to excellent. CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity for detecting HCC is higher for MRI and MDCT than for DSA, and so cross-sectional imaging modalities should be used to evaluate OLT candidacy.
Adult
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Aged
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Angiography, Digital Subtraction
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*diagnostic imaging/pathology/therapy
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Female
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Humans
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Liver Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/pathology/therapy
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Liver Transplantation
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Retrospective Studies
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Sensitivity and Specificity
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Tomography, X-Ray Computed
2.Estrogen receptor-α, progesterone receptor, and c-erbB/HER-family receptor mRNA detection and phenotype analysis in spontaneous canine models of breast cancer.
Farruk M. Lutful KABIR ; Patricia DEINNOCENTES ; Payal AGARWAL ; Christopher P MILL ; David J RIESE ; R Curtis BIRD
Journal of Veterinary Science 2017;18(2):149-158
Well characterized, stable, p16-defective canine mammary cancer (CMT) cell lines and normal canine mammary epithelial cells were used to investigate expression of the major breast cancer-specific hormone receptors estrogen receptor alpha (ER1) and progesterone receptor (PR) as well as luminal epithelial-specific proto-oncogenes encoding c-erbB-1 (epidermal growth factor receptor/EGFr), c-erbB-2/HER2, c-erbB-3, and c-erbB-4 receptors. The investigation developed and validated quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assays for each transcript to provide rapid assessment of breast cancer phenotypes for canine cancers, based on ER1, PR, and c-erbB-2/HER2 expressions, similar to those in human disease. Roles for relatively underexplored c-erbB-3 and c-erbB-4 receptor expressions in each of these breast cancer phenotypes were also evaluated. Each quantitative assay was validated by assessment of amplicon size and DNA sequencing following amplification. Differential expression of ER1, PR, and c-erbB-2 in CMT cell lines clearly defined distinct human-like breast cancer phenotypes for a selection of CMT-derived cell lines. Expression profiles for EGFr family genes c-erbB-3 and c-erbB-4 in CMT models also provided an enriched classification of canine breast cancer identifying new extended phenotypes beyond the conventional luminal-basal characterization used in human breast cancer.
Breast Neoplasms*
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Breast*
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Cell Line
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Classification
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Epithelial Cells
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Estrogen Receptor alpha
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Estrogens*
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Humans
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Phenobarbital
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Phenotype*
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Progesterone*
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Proto-Oncogenes
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Receptors, Progesterone*
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Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
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RNA, Messenger*
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Sequence Analysis, DNA
3.Male Oxidative Stress Infertility (MOSI): Proposed Terminology and Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Idiopathic Male Infertility
Ashok AGARWAL ; Neel PAREKH ; Manesh Kumar PANNER SELVAM ; Ralf HENKEL ; Rupin SHAH ; Sheryl T HOMA ; Ranjith RAMASAMY ; Edmund KO ; Kelton TREMELLEN ; Sandro ESTEVES ; Ahmad MAJZOUB ; Juan G ALVAREZ ; David K GARDNER ; Channa N JAYASENA ; Jonathan W RAMSAY ; Chak Lam CHO ; Ramadan SALEH ; Denny SAKKAS ; James M HOTALING ; Scott D LUNDY ; Sarah VIJ ; Joel MARMAR ; Jaime GOSALVEZ ; Edmund SABANEGH ; Hyun Jun PARK ; Armand ZINI ; Parviz KAVOUSSI ; Sava MICIC ; Ryan SMITH ; Gian Maria BUSETTO ; Mustafa Emre BAKIRCIOĞLU ; Gerhard HAIDL ; Giancarlo BALERCIA ; Nicolás Garrido PUCHALT ; Moncef BEN-KHALIFA ; Nicholas TADROS ; Jackson KIRKMAN-BROWNE ; Sergey MOSKOVTSEV ; Xuefeng HUANG ; Edson BORGES ; Daniel FRANKEN ; Natan BAR-CHAMA ; Yoshiharu MORIMOTO ; Kazuhisa TOMITA ; Vasan Satya SRINI ; Willem OMBELET ; Elisabetta BALDI ; Monica MURATORI ; Yasushi YUMURA ; Sandro LA VIGNERA ; Raghavender KOSGI ; Marlon P MARTINEZ ; Donald P EVENSON ; Daniel Suslik ZYLBERSZTEJN ; Matheus ROQUE ; Marcello COCUZZA ; Marcelo VIEIRA ; Assaf BEN-MEIR ; Raoul ORVIETO ; Eliahu LEVITAS ; Amir WISER ; Mohamed ARAFA ; Vineet MALHOTRA ; Sijo Joseph PAREKATTIL ; Haitham ELBARDISI ; Luiz CARVALHO ; Rima DADA ; Christophe SIFER ; Pankaj TALWAR ; Ahmet GUDELOGLU ; Ahmed M A MAHMOUD ; Khaled TERRAS ; Chadi YAZBECK ; Bojanic NEBOJSA ; Damayanthi DURAIRAJANAYAGAM ; Ajina MOUNIR ; Linda G KAHN ; Saradha BASKARAN ; Rishma Dhillon PAI ; Donatella PAOLI ; Kristian LEISEGANG ; Mohamed Reza MOEIN ; Sonia MALIK ; Onder YAMAN ; Luna SAMANTA ; Fouad BAYANE ; Sunil K JINDAL ; Muammer KENDIRCI ; Baris ALTAY ; Dragoljub PEROVIC ; Avi HARLEV
The World Journal of Men's Health 2019;37(3):296-312
Despite advances in the field of male reproductive health, idiopathic male infertility, in which a man has altered semen characteristics without an identifiable cause and there is no female factor infertility, remains a challenging condition to diagnose and manage. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress (OS) plays an independent role in the etiology of male infertility, with 30% to 80% of infertile men having elevated seminal reactive oxygen species levels. OS can negatively affect fertility via a number of pathways, including interference with capacitation and possible damage to sperm membrane and DNA, which may impair the sperm's potential to fertilize an egg and develop into a healthy embryo. Adequate evaluation of male reproductive potential should therefore include an assessment of sperm OS. We propose the term Male Oxidative Stress Infertility, or MOSI, as a novel descriptor for infertile men with abnormal semen characteristics and OS, including many patients who were previously classified as having idiopathic male infertility. Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) can be a useful clinical biomarker for the classification of MOSI, as it takes into account the levels of both oxidants and reductants (antioxidants). Current treatment protocols for OS, including the use of antioxidants, are not evidence-based and have the potential for complications and increased healthcare-related expenditures. Utilizing an easy, reproducible, and cost-effective test to measure ORP may provide a more targeted, reliable approach for administering antioxidant therapy while minimizing the risk of antioxidant overdose. With the increasing awareness and understanding of MOSI as a distinct male infertility diagnosis, future research endeavors can facilitate the development of evidence-based treatments that target its underlying cause.
Antioxidants
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Classification
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Clinical Protocols
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Diagnosis
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DNA
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Embryonic Structures
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Female
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Fertility
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Health Expenditures
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Humans
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Infertility
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Infertility, Male
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Male
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Membranes
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Ovum
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Oxidants
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Oxidation-Reduction
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Oxidative Stress
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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Reducing Agents
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Reproductive Health
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Semen
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Spermatozoa
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Subject Headings