A visual analysis approach and the developed supporting technology provide a comprehensive solution for analyzing large and complex integrated genomic and biomedical data. This paper presents a methodology that is implemented as an interactive visual analysis technology for extracting knowledge from complex genetic and clinical data and then visualizing it in a meaningful and interpretable way. By synergizing the domain knowledge into development and analysis processes, we have developed a comprehensive tool that supports a seamless patient-to-patient analysis, from an overview of the patient population in the similarity space to the detailed views of genes. The system consists of multiple components enabling the complete analysis process, including data mining, interactive visualization, analytical views, and gene comparison. We demonstrate our approach with medical scientists on a case study of childhood cancer patients on how they use the tool to confirm existing hypotheses and to discover new scientific insights.
Data Display ; Data Mining ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma

The water quality simulatin of the Han River was performed by computer-aided design methods using interactive computer graphic routine. The model used to simulate water quality in the Han River was based upon the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's QUAL-II program. The constituents which were simulated include temperature, conservative substances, coliform bacteria, BOD and DO. Discretization of the model over space was done using the Galerkin finite element method. Data input requirements for the model included rate constants, meteorological data, and headwater, point and non-point source concentrations. The point and non-point source waste loadings were assumed to be constant over time. Several options for dealing with simulation results were available. These included listings or graphs showing the concentration values by constituent, either for all sites at one point in time, or for one site at all times. By merging spatial and temporal data, a three-dimensional surface of concentration as a function of site location and time of day could be plotted for any constituent. A pictoral display of water quality throuthout the Han River, using various colors to indicate different concentrations of constituents or degrees of temperature, also is possible. Water quality profiles of the Han River were developed using 1981 waste loadings. These results were compared to observed data in order to determine the best values for model parameters. Calibration of the model was aided by the interactive use of statistical tests, including linear regression analysis and t-tests of two means. Using estimates of population and industrial growth for the Han River Basin, simulations for expected 1986 and 1991 conditions were undertaken. Results indicate that without increased investments in wastewater treatment facilities and associated collection systems, most of the river will contain BOD concentratins which greatly exceed the maximum 6 ppm allowed. In addition, the numbber of coliform bacteria will be substantially more than the maximum permitted number, 10,000 MPN/100 ml, for water supply sources requiring highest levels of treatment. These results also suggest where monitoring statins should be established, and where proper management practices will have the greatest impact on controlling the extent of river pollution resulting from the discharge of waste effuent from urban communities, industries, and agricultural land along the Han River.
Computers ; Data Display ; Korea ; Models, Theoretical ; Water Pollution/analysis ; Water Supply/standards*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of informational intervention delivered by electronic patient information board in the OR waiting room for reduction of anxiety of mothers with child having operation. METHOD: Nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used in this study. The subjects was 52 mothers whose children underwent elective surgery in one Pediatric Hospital. Informational intervention in this study consisted of four critical stages. State anxiety by Spielberger, mean arterial pressure, and heart rates at preoperative and postoperative period were measured. The data were analyzed by using Chi-Square test and t-test with SPSS/PC 10.0 program. RESULTS: 1) There was a significant difference in the state anxiety between the control and the experimental groups. 2) There was no significant difference in the mean arterial pressure between the two groups. 3) There was no significant difference in the heart rate between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that informational intervention delivered by electronic patient information board would be an effective intervention during the operation in reducing anxiety of mothers with child having operation.
Anxiety* ; Arterial Pressure ; Child* ; Data Display ; Heart Rate ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Postoperative Period

The design of PACS image workstation based on DICOM3.0 is introduced in the paper, then the designing method of the PACS image browser based on the control system theory is presented,focusing on two main units:DICOM analyzer and the information mapping transformer.
Data Display ; Equipment Design ; Microcomputers ; Radiology Information Systems ; instrumentation ; Software Design ; User-Computer Interface

A develop of medical discharger of oxygen is presented in the paper. The medical discharge can control, display and print the output data including the time, oxygen discharge the total time and the total oxygen discharge of two channels oxygen synchronously or respectively, Results show that the device is of reasonable design, accurate, measurement simple operation, low cost, real-time display, alarm and controlling the channels oxygen automatically and can print data if necessary. It will be widely used in clinic.
Data Display ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Oxygen ; analysis ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; instrumentation ; Weights and Measures ; instrumentation

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The use of voice can be a cause of common voice disorders but may also affect the course of treatment. The information of voice use has been limited by relying on the subjective patient self-report in the past. In this study, however, we tried to determine the effectiveness of ambulatory phonation monitoring, which can provide objective vocal use parameters such as phonation time, fundamental frequency and sound pressure level. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Four subjects (2; normal, 2; vocal disease) were recorded with Ambulatory Phonation Monitor Model 3,200 (KayPENTAX) during a working day. Ambulatory Phonation Monitor (APM) is an unobtrusive, portable device consisting of a small accelerometer, a microprocessor and the APM software. All subjects were instructed to wear APM during the entire day of normal activities and write an activity diary according to time. RESULTS: APM data displays 5 graphs which reveal important characteristics of each subject's phonatory behavior throughout the day. The patient's diary can provide the person's schedule and the correlation between subject's self recognition and the objective data analyzed by APM. CONCLUSION: APM is an overall useful device for measuring phonation parameters and evaluating voice behaviors in natural conditions. It can be used not only for the diagnosis of vocal diseases but also as a voice therapy for feedback on voice use.
Appointments and Schedules ; Data Display ; Humans ; Microcomputers ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; Phonation ; Voice ; Voice Disorders

Real-time data reporting in clinical research networks can provide network members through interim analyses of the registered data, which can facilitate further studies and quality improvement activities. The aim of this report was to describe the building process of the data display system (DDS) of the Korean Neonatal Network (KNN) and its basic structure. After member verification at the KNN member's site, users can choose a variable of interest that is listed in the in-hospital data statistics (for 90 variables) or in the follow-up data statistics (for 54 variables). The statistical results of the outcome variables are displayed on the HyperText Markup Language 5-based chart graphs and tables. Participating hospitals can compare their performance to those of KNN as a whole and identify the trends over time. Ranking of each participating hospital is also displayed in terms of key outcome variables such as mortality and major neonatal morbidities with the names of other centers blinded. The most powerful function of the DDS is the ability to perform 'conditional filtering' which allows users to exclusively review the records of interest. Further collaboration is needed to upgrade the DDS to a more sophisticated analytical system and to provide a more user-friendly interface.
Data Display/*utilization ; Humans ; Internet ; Quality Improvement ; Registries ; Republic of Korea ; Societies, Medical/*organization & administration ; User-Computer Interface

OBJECTIVETo discuss the scheme and implementation of workstation configuration for medical imaging information systems suitable to the practical situation in China.

METHODSThe workstations were logically divided into picture archiving and communication system (PACS) workstations and radiology information system (RIS) workstations. The former applied to three kinds of diagnostic practice: the small matrix images, large matrix images and high resolution grayscale display applications. The latter consisted many different models defined by the usage and function processes.

RESULTSA dual-screen configuration for image interpretation workstations integrated the image-viewing and reporting procedures physically. Small matrix images as CT or MR were operated on 17 inch (1 inch = 2.54 cm) color monitors, while conventional X-ray interpretation was performed on 21 inch color monitors or portrait format grayscale 2 k by 2.5 k monitors. All other RIS workstations not involved in imaging process were set up with a common PC configuration.

CONCLUSIONWorkstation schemes for medical imaging information systems should satisfy the basic requirements of medical imaging and investment budget.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of surface treatments and repair materials on the shear bond strength and to measure the fracture toughness of CAD/CAM provisional restoration materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four CAD/CAM (3D printing: Nextdent C&B and ZMD-1000B Temporary, CAD/CAM resin block: Yamahachi PMMA disk and Huge PMMA block) and four conventional (monometacrylate: Jet and Alike, dimetacrylate: Luxatemp and Protemp 4) materials were selected to fabricate disk-shaped specimens and divided into six groups according to surface treatment (n=10). CAD/CAM materials were repaired with Jet or Luxatemp, while conventional materials were repaired with their own materials. The shear bond strength was measured by using universal testing machine. Ten rectangular column-shaped specimens for each material were fabricated to measure the fracture toughness by single edge v notched beam technique. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA. RESULTS: The highest shear bond strength of CAD/CAM materials was achieved by SiC paper + sandblasting. It was also accomplished when repairing 3D printing materials with Luxatemp, and repairing CAD/CAM resin blocks with Jet. Yamahachi PMMA disk showed the highest fracture toughness. Nextdent C&B showed the lowest fracture toughness value but no statistically significant difference from Alike and Luxatemp (P>.05). CONCLUSION: In order to successfully repair the CAD/CAM provisional restoration, mechanical surface treatment and appropriate repair material according to the CAD/CAM material type should be selected. The CAD/CAM provisional materials have proper mechanical properties for clinical use as compared to conventional materials.
Computer-Aided Design ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

Orthopedic 3D printed surgical navigational template is an instrument that is prepared by 3D reconstruction based on preoperative radiological data of the patient using computer-aided design (CAD) and 3D printing techniques. The 3D printed navigational template allows accurate intra-operative assessment of the relative spatial distance, angular relationship, direction and depth. The application of 3D printed navigational template technique in orthopedics surgeries achieves the conversion of preoperative planning from 2/3D graphics to 3D models, and provides a new method for individualized and precise treatment. Herein we review the evolution, clinical application, and basic classification of 3D printed navigation template technique, analyze its advantages and disadvantages, and discuss the current problems and the future development of this technique.
Computer-Aided Design ; Humans ; Orthopedic Procedures ; Printing, Three-Dimensional