More and more studies indicate that there are many similarities such as pathophysiological process,gene expression,immune escape,angiogenesis and invasion characteristic between embryo implantation and neoplasm invasion and metastasis, which are taken for two "blackboxes" in medical field at present. Not only will cross studies between both sides promote respective subject development, but also become the breach to reveal life origin,developmental biology of neoplasm and embryo and intrinsic mechanisms of embryo implantation and neoplasm invasion and metastasis.

Objective To explore the effect of preoperative pulmonary protection therapy on surfactant protein A(SP–A) content in lung tissue and postoperative complications. Methods Sixty patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) who underwent surgical treatment in Tianjin Chest Hospital from January 2015 to June 2016 were enrolled in this study. Thirty patients were included in the control group and 30 patients in the pulmonary protection group. The control group was given routine preoperative preparation, while the pulmonary protection group was given 1 week pulmonary protection therapy on the basis of routine preoperative preparation. The exhaled breath condensate (EBC) was collected and pulmonary function was re-checked after admission and before surgery. The content of SP-A in EBC was detected by ELISA. The lung tissue samples were collected during surgery, and the SP-A level was measured by Western blotting. Results The SP-A level of the pulmonary protection group was significantly higher than that of the control group (1.05±0.21 vs. 0.93±0.16, P<0.05). The SP-A content in the preoperative EBC of the pulmonary protection group was significantly higher than that after admission[(5.51 ± 1.48) ng/L vs. (4.99 ± 1.32) ng/L, P<0.01]. After pulmonary protection treatment, the preoperative pulmonary function index was significantly higher than that after admission (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications between two groups (23.3%vs. 43.3%, P>0.05). The average postoperative hospital stay was statistically significant shorter in the pulmonary protection group than that in the control group[(9.2 ± 3.1) d vs. (11.6 ± 4.8) d, P<0.05]. Conclusion Preoperative pulmonary protection therapy can not only improve pulmonary function and shorten postoperative hospital stay, but also improve SP-A content in lung tissue.

Objective:To confirm the efficacy and safety of Tiankui antihypertension tablets combined with chemical drugs in the treatment of patients with hypertension whose blood pressure can 't reach the standard after the treatment only with chemical drugs. Methods:Randomized, double-blind, placebo control and multicenter clinical trials were performed on 240 subjects (160 in the ex-periment group and 80 in the control group) in 6 clinical trial centers. Tiankui antihypertension tablets and the placebo were respec-tively given with 4 tablets per time and 3 times a day. The efficacy and safety were observed. Results:For the blood pressure control, the significant efficiency of the experimental group was 63. 23%, while that of the control group was 31. 65%. The significant efficien-cy and effective rate of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome of the experimental group was 48. 39% and 20. 25%, re-spectively, while that of the control group was 20. 25% and 36. 71%, respectively. All of the studied clinical indicators showed signifi-cant differences between the two groups (P<0. 05). No severe adverse reaction was shown in the two groups. Conclusion:Tiankui an-tihypertension tablets combined with chemical drugs exhibits better curative effect and safety in the treatment of hypertension patients whose blood pressure can’ t reach the standard after the treatment only with chemical drugs.

AIM: To explore interaction and biological behaviou r changes of two kinds of cells-blastocysts and hepatocarcinoma cells in the same microenvi ronment. METHODS:The models of mouse blastocysts co-cultured wit h human hepatoca rcinoma cell lines were established, then biological behaviours and mutual effe c ts of the two kinds of cells in co-culture system were observed. RESULTS: Co mpared with control group, hepatocarcinoma cells with differently invasive and met astatic potential significantly enhanced the rates of blastocyst hatchment , at t achment and outgrowth(P0 05). The blastocyst ha tched and attached to hepatocarcinoma cells with differently invasive and metast atic p otential. Then, differential trophoblasts invaded hepatocarcinoma cells. The clear-cut interfaces were gradually formed between both sides. Hepatocarcinoma cells o n interface showed changes of growth direction and cell shapes and did not inv ade blastocysts. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatocarcinoma cells promoted bla stocyst develo pment. Blastocysts implanted and invaded hepatocarcinoma cells with differentl y i nvasive and metastatic potential in vitro, which indicate that blastocyst i mplan tation in vitro does not relate with the kinds and differential level of int erac tional cells and the low selectivity maybe relate with high adaptability of earl y life.

Objective To investigate the ultrasonic imaging features of thyroid follicular adenoma for conducting the correct diagnosis and differentiation diagnosis.Methods The clinical and imaging data in 64 cases of pathologically proven thyroid follicular adenoma were analyzed on the maximal diameter of tumor,nodularity number,high and low echogenicity,peripheral halo,echo hom-ogeneity,calcifications,and so on.The misdiagnosis causes were investigated.Results The mass was mainly solid or cystic-solid mixed echo.The ultrasonic imaging features of thyroid follicular adenoma were non-peripheral halo or thin wall halo,hyperecho or isoecho,internal macrocalcifications and peripheral calcifications,homogeneous echo structure.Conclusion The ultrasonographic examination can provide the better diagnosis and differentiation diagnosis on thyroid follicular carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of ilioinguinal conjoined perforator flap transplantation pedicled with the superficial circumflex iliac artery,the anterior fourth lumbar artery or the posterior intercostal artery.Methods Between April,2005 to August,2015,6 patients diagnosed as large skin defects in the upper extremity were treated with ilioinguinal conjoined perforator flap transplantation pedicled with the superficial circumflex iliac artery,the anterior fourth lumbar artery or the posterior intercostal artery.The proximal flap blood supply was offered by the superficial circumflex iliac artery,and the distal flap blood supply was provided by the anterior fourth lumbar artery or the posterior intercostal artery.The maximal size of the flap was measured as 35.0 cm×15.0 cm,and the minimal size was 25.0 cm×9.0 cm.The donor sites of the flap were directly sutured.All cases were implemented by postoperative followup visit in hospital for observation of appearance,texture,functions and donor site of flaps.Results Postoperatively,all flaps survived.The follow-up time endured for 6 to 24 months.The flap thickness was appropriate with normal shape and soft texture.Protective sensation and perspiration function of the flap were restored.Linear scars alone were observed in the donor sites of the flap.Conclusion Ilioinguinal conjoined perforator flap transplantation pedicled with the superficial circumflex iliac artery,the anterior fourth lumbar artery or the posterior intercostal artery can extend the excision scope of the flap and provides sufficient blood supply for the flap.The flap texture is soft and can be directly sutured.This technique is an ideal option for repairing of large soft tissue defects of the upper extremity.

Needle-free jet injectors refer to a kind of medical device that uses a specific device to form a small,high-speed jet of medication to pierce the human skin,thereby achieving the delivery of medication into the human body without the use of needles.In the past few decades,needle-free jet injectors have undergone many changes with the development of healthcare systems and advancements in related technologies.In this article,the history,research status,and clinical application of needle-free jet injectors are introduced.The principles of different driving modes for needle-free jet injectors are briefly summarized,and their respective advantages and the existing problems are summarized.Combining the current research status and market application,the technical problems faced by the development of needle-free jet injectors are analyzed.Under the background of intelligent and automatic development of medical equipment,the future development and opportunities for needle-free jet injectors are prospected.

Background and purpose:Rabs are members of Ras-related small GTPase superfamily. Rab27A is a unique member in the Rab family and has specific implications in human genetic diseases. We studied the potential role of Rab27A in proliferation, distribution of cell cycle, apoptosis and invasion of breast cancer cells and its mechanism(s). Methods:The eukaryotic expression vector containing Rab27A open reading frame (ORF) pcDNA3.1(+) - Rab27A was constructed and transfected into MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Then we detected the changes in terms of cell growth, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and in vitro invasion capability before and after transfection. We also applied RT-PCR to investigate the molecular basis.Results:① The expression of Rab27A was increased as invasive and metastatic ability increased in four human breast cancer cell lines. ② Overexpression of Rab27A can promote breast cancer cells to grow faster, increase the proportion of S phase cells, avoid apoptosis and invade in vitro. ③ Rab27A transfectants constitutively enhanced the expression of Cyclin D1, MMP-7 and MMP-9 in MDA-MB-231 cell lines, on the contrary, that of p16 were down-regulated constitutively. Reduced Rab27A expression by RNAi down-regulated the expression of Cyclin D1, MMP-7 and MMP-9, and up-regulated p16 expression.Conclusions:Rab27A can stimulate breast cancer cells to proliferate, increase the proportion of cells in S phase,avoid apoptosis and invade in vitro by regulating the expression of Cyclin D1, MMP-7, MMP-9 and p16.

To investigate the diversity and composition of gut microbiota in patients with lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma. A single-center and case-control study was conducted to consecutively enroll a total of 27 lung cancer patients, including 15 males and 12 females, who were seen at the Affiliated Hangzhou First People′s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between September 2018 to October 2020. A total of 20 cases of healthy healthy physical examiners, including 9 males and 11 females were recruited as healthy control group (HC) during the same period. Clinical data and stool samples were collected from each participants, and lung cancer patients were divided into lung adenocarcinoma group (AC, 19 patients, 8 males and 11 females) and lung squamous cell carcinoma group (SCC, 8 patients, 7 males and 1 females) according to the pathology type. Genomic DNA were extracted to amplify 16S rDNA V3-V4 region, then the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform and QIIME software were used for sequencing and analyzing the structure of the gut microbiota, respectively. Analysis of variance, χ 2 test, K-W test were used to analyze the differences in age, gender,α diversity, and relative abundance of microbiota among the three groups. AC, SCC, and HC were aged (58.74±9.27), (63.38±6.12), and (55.65±7.79) years old, respectively. There were no difference in gender and age among the three groups (gender and age are respectively:χ 2=5.155, P=0.076; F=2.598, P=0.086). And no significant difference in alpha diversity were found among the three groups (Chao and Shannon index were respectively: F=0.616, P=0.545; F=2.484, P=0.095), while β-diversity analysis indicated significant differences in the structure of intestinal flora among AC, SCC and HC ( P=0.001). LEfSe analysis showed that AC and SCC both have dominant bacterials. Megasphaera ( H=7.855, P=0.020) and Erysipelatoclostridium ( H=7.426, P=0.024) were enriched in patients with AC, while Enterococcus ( H=8.400, P=0.015), Veillonella ( H=9.957, P=0.007), and Eubacterium_eligens_group ( H=10.514, P=0.005) were enriched in patients with SCC. Lung cancer patients have gut microbiota imbalance, while lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma patients have no significant difference in gut microbiota diversity, but lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma have their own unique microbiota. This imbalance of the intestinal microenvironment is of great significance for studying the occurrence and development of different pathological types of lung cancer.

To investigate the diversity and composition of gut microbiota in patients with lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma. A single-center and case-control study was conducted to consecutively enroll a total of 27 lung cancer patients, including 15 males and 12 females, who were seen at the Affiliated Hangzhou First People′s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between September 2018 to October 2020. A total of 20 cases of healthy healthy physical examiners, including 9 males and 11 females were recruited as healthy control group (HC) during the same period. Clinical data and stool samples were collected from each participants, and lung cancer patients were divided into lung adenocarcinoma group (AC, 19 patients, 8 males and 11 females) and lung squamous cell carcinoma group (SCC, 8 patients, 7 males and 1 females) according to the pathology type. Genomic DNA were extracted to amplify 16S rDNA V3-V4 region, then the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform and QIIME software were used for sequencing and analyzing the structure of the gut microbiota, respectively. Analysis of variance, χ 2 test, K-W test were used to analyze the differences in age, gender,α diversity, and relative abundance of microbiota among the three groups. AC, SCC, and HC were aged (58.74±9.27), (63.38±6.12), and (55.65±7.79) years old, respectively. There were no difference in gender and age among the three groups (gender and age are respectively:χ 2=5.155, P=0.076; F=2.598, P=0.086). And no significant difference in alpha diversity were found among the three groups (Chao and Shannon index were respectively: F=0.616, P=0.545; F=2.484, P=0.095), while β-diversity analysis indicated significant differences in the structure of intestinal flora among AC, SCC and HC ( P=0.001). LEfSe analysis showed that AC and SCC both have dominant bacterials. Megasphaera ( H=7.855, P=0.020) and Erysipelatoclostridium ( H=7.426, P=0.024) were enriched in patients with AC, while Enterococcus ( H=8.400, P=0.015), Veillonella ( H=9.957, P=0.007), and Eubacterium_eligens_group ( H=10.514, P=0.005) were enriched in patients with SCC. Lung cancer patients have gut microbiota imbalance, while lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma patients have no significant difference in gut microbiota diversity, but lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma have their own unique microbiota. This imbalance of the intestinal microenvironment is of great significance for studying the occurrence and development of different pathological types of lung cancer.