Objective To establish a sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for determination of von Willebrand factor propeptide (vWF-pp) in plasma and to determine the levels of plasma vWF-pp in 152 healthy volunteers, 36 patients with coronary heart disease and 38 cases of the normal control group with the same ages.Methods The levels of vWF-pp in 152 healthy volunteers with different ages and different genders and in 36 patients with coronary heart disease were determined with the sandwich enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA).Results The average level of vWF-pp in 152 healthy volunteers was 496.4?167.2 ?g/L.The level of vWF-pp in the 50~60 years old group was significantly higher than that in the less than 40 years old group (P0.05). There was significant difference between the 51～60 years old male group and the other three male groups respectively, the 16～20 years old group, the 21～30 years old group and the 31～40 years old group (P

ObjectiveToinvestigate the prevalence, awareness and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among community adult population in Shanghai, China, in order to provide early diagnosis and treatment of CKD, and informations for national health policy makers.MethodsTwo thousand five hundred and ninety six residents (≥ 18 years old) were randomly selected from community population in Changning district of Shanghai, China. They were interviewed and tested for albuminuria -morning spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio [ACR, abnormal: ≥ 17 mg/g (male), ≥25 mg/g (female)], reduced renal function-estimated GFR by abbreviated MDRD equation [abnormal: <60 ml ·rain-1 (1.73 m2)-1] and hematuria-morning spot urine dipstick confirmed by urine microscopy. The associations among demographic characteristics, healthy characteristics (e.g. diabetes and hypertension) and indicators of kidney damage were examined. The investigators and neighborhood committee were well trained. Those who had semiquantitative positive were detected again by albuminuria-morniag spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio after three months. ResultsTwo thousand five hundred and fifty four residents with complete data were enrolled in the study. Albuminuria was detected in 6.3% of subjects, reduced renal function in 5.8%, hematuria in 1.2%. Approximately 11.8% of these subjects had at least one indicator of kidney damage. The awareness rate of CKD was 8.2%. The Logistic regression model showed that hyperuricemia, nephrolithiasis, anemia, diabetes, central obesity, hypertension and age contributed to the development of CKD. ConclusionsThe prevalence of CKD in community adult population in Shanghai is 11.8%, And the awareness rate of CKD is 8.2%. Hyperuricemia, nephrolithiasis, anemia, diabetes, central obesity, hypertension and age are risk factors of CKD.

Objective To evaluate effects of dexmedetomidine on onset ,duration of supraclavicular brachial plexus block induced by levobupivacaine and postoperative analgesia with ultrasound guide .Methods Eighty patients undergoing elective surgeries of distal arm and forearm with class Ⅰ ~ Ⅱ ASA were enrolled ,and the patients were randomly divided into two groups ,one was control group (group C) patients with supraclavicular brachial plexus block by 30 ml of 5% levobupivacaine contained 1 ml normal saline ,the other was dexmedetomidine group patients (group D) with supraclavicular brachial plexus block by 30 ml of 5% levobupivacaine contained 100μg dexmedetomidine .The supraclavicular brachial plexus block was guided with ultrasound .Observation indicators include :sensory and motor onset blocks ,duration of sensory and motor blocks ,time to first rescue analgesia and hemodynamic parameters .Results The differences of sensory block onset between group C and D were not significant .Compared to group C ,motor block onset of group D was significantly shorter (P<0 .01) ,sensory block duration and motor block duration were longer (P<0.001) ,time to first rescue analgesia after the surgeries was longer (P<0 .001) .Mean arterial pressure and mean heart rate of group D were significantly lower than those of group C ,respectively (P<0 .02) .Conclusions Dexmedetomidine can significantly prolong the duration of block and postoperative analgesia of supracla-vicular brachial plexus block induced by levobupivacaine .

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis, clinical phenotype and pathogenesis for a child with mosaicism ring chromosome 4. METHODS: Clinical data of the child was collected. Peripheral blood chromosomal karyotype G banding analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were carried out for the child, in addition with a review of the literature. RESULTS: The child was born full-term with low birth weight, facial dysmorphism, patent ductus arteriosus and ventricular septal defect. His karyotype was determined as mos46,XY,r(4)(p16.3q35.2)[259]/45,XY,-4[25]/47,XY,r(4)(p16.3q35.2), +r(4)(p16.3q35.2)[8]/46,XY,der(4)del(4)(p16.3)inv(4)(p16.3q31.1)[6]/46,XY,dic?r(4;4)(p16.3q35.2;p16.3q35.2)[4]/48,XY,r(4)(p16.3q35.2),+r(4)(p16.3q35.2)×2[3]/46,XY,r(4)(p1?q2?)[2]; CMA result was arr[GRCH37]4p16.3(68 345-2 981 614)×1; FISH result was 45,XY,-4[12]/45,XY,-4×2,+mar1.ish r1(4)(WHS-,D4Z1+)[1]/ 46,XY,-4,+mar1.ishr1(4)(WHS-,D4Z1+)[73]/46,XY,-4,+mar2.ishr2(4)(WHS-,D4Z1++)[1]/47,XY,-4,+mar1×2.ishr1(4) (WHS-, D4Z1+)×2[4]/46,XY,del(4)(p16.3).ish del(4)(p16.3)(WHS-,D4Z1+)[9]. CONCLUSION In this case, the ring chromosome 4 as a de novo variant has produced a number of cell lines during embryonic development and given rise to mosaicism. The clinical phenotype of ring chromosome 4 is variable. The instability of the ring chromosome itself, presence of mosaicism, chromosome breakpoint and range of deletion and/or duplication may all affect the ultimate phenotype.
Humans ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Ring Chromosomes ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Karyotyping ; Karyotype ; Mosaicism