OBJECTIVETo investigate the best choice of operation opportunity and operation plan for limb fractures combined with severe craniocerebral trauma in children.

METHODSFrom January 2005 to July 2012,36 patients with limb fractures and severe craniocerebral trauma were received,including 24 males and 12 females aged from 1 to 13 years old (mean, 6.1 +/- 3.0). The time from injury to hospital was (18.0 +/- 15.0) h. Glasgow coma score were less than 8 with an average of 6.4 +/- 1.3. AIS-ISS score were 25.9 +/- 8.1. Thirteen patients were open fracture, 23 were closed fracture. Patients were divided into immediate operation group (21 patients) received fracture fixation with 24 h, the average time was (15.0 +/- 7.4) h, and delayed operation group (15 patients) received fracture fixation after 24 h, the average time was (165.4 +/- 114.6) h. All patients were treated by open reduction, and 33 cases by internal fixation, 3 cases were external fixation. Operative time, blood loss, fracture healing time and brain trauma,physical trauma, postoperative rehabilitation situation were observed and evaluated.

RESULTSAll patients were healed at stage I ,and no dead, aggravating of coma, disorders of breathing and circulation occurred during operation. Operative time,blood loss,healing time in immediate operation group was (44.5 +/- 25.3) min, (47.1 +/- 36.5) ml, (2.7 +/- 0.5) months, respectively; while in delayed operation group was (87.0 +/- 40.0) min, (112.7 +/- 67.5) ml, (3.8 +/- 1.2) months,respectively; and there were obvious differences between two groups. There was no siginificant meaning in Glasgow coma score and Fugl-Meyer motor function between immediate operation group (4.7 +/- 0.6, 97.9 +/- 2.7) and delayed operation group (4.7 +/- 0.5, 97.7 +/- 3.9) (t = 0.23, P > 0.05; t = 0.11, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe condition of limb fractures combined with severe craniocerebral trauma in children is seriously, comfortable surgical opportunity should according to particular case, and immediate operation can performed on the condition of stabled vital signs.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; surgery ; Extremities ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Open ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

The growth curve of single cell organisms in batch cultivation could divide into 6 phases, lag phase, acceleration phase, log phase, deceleration phase, stationary phase, and death phase, based on specific growth rate during cultivation process. There were significantly differences between deceleration phase and the other phases in cell growth, substrate consumption, product formation, and genes express profile. The deceleration phase was highly important to fermentation process. However, cognizing and teaching to the deceleration phase had been considerably weakened since a long period. So it should be strengthened.

Objective To assess the changes on the whole night polysomnography (PSG) in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS). Methods The whole night PSGs were recorded from 24 patients with CFS and 33 normal subjects. Results Compared with normal subjects, patients with CFS showed significantly reduced total sleep duration ([488.7?21.7]min vs [515.9?31.7]min, P

OBJECTIVETo compare changes of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) in different rat models of Gan stagnation (GS), Pi deficiency (PD), Gan stagnation Pi deficiency (GSPD) syndromes, and to observe interventional effect of Chaishu Sijun Decoction (CSD, capable of soothing Gan-qi invigorating Pi) on them.

METHODSSeventy Wistar rats were divided into the normal control group (group 1), the GS group (group 2), the PD group (group 3), the GSPD group (group 4), the GS intervention group (group 5), the PD intervention group (group 6), and the GSPD intervention group (group 7) according to random digit table, 10 in each group. Rats in group 1 received no treatment. Rats in group 2 and 5 were modeled by chronic restraint method. Rats in group 3 and 6 were modeled by excess fatigue plus alimentary abstinence method. Rats in group 4 and 7 were modeled by chronic restraint, excess fatigue, and alimentary abstinence method. At the 2nd weekend of modeling, CSD at 2.86 g/kg was fed to rats in group 5, 6, and 7 by gastrogavage for 2 successive weeks. Equal volume of distilled water was given to rats in the rest 4 groups. On the 29th day, rats were killed, adrenal weight weighed, and adrenal index calculated. Levels of plasma and hypothalamus corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), plasma and pituitary adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), and plasma corticosterone (CORT) were determined using radioimmunity.

RESULTSCompared with group 1, adrenal index significantly decreased in group 2, 3, and 4 (P < 0.05). Of them, plasma and hypothalamus CRH, plasma CORT increased significantly in group 2 and 4 (P < 0.05). Besides, plasma and pituitary ACTH increased in group 4 (P < 0.05). Plasma and pituitary ACTH, as well as plasma CORT decreased significantly in group 3 (P < 0.05). Compared with group 2, 3, and 4, adrenal index increased significantly in group 5, 6, and 7 (P < 0.05). Compared with group 2, plasma CORT, hypothalamus CRH, and pituitary ACTH decreased significantly in group 5 (P < 0.05). Compared with group 3, plasma ACTH and CORT increased significantly in group 6 (P < 0.05). Compared with group 4, plasma CRH, ACTH, CORT, hypothalamus CRH, and pituitary ACTH decreased in group 7 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe function of HPA .axis was damaged to varying degrees in rats of the three models in this experiment. Hyperactivity of HPA axis existed in GS syndrome and GSPD syndrome. Impairment of feedback regulation in hypothalamus and pituitary was accompanied in GSPD syndrome. Hypofunction of HPA axis existed in PDS. CSD, capable of soothing Gan-qi invigorating'Pi, showed improvement on disarranged HPAA, but with optimal effect on GSPD syndrome. CSD had higher correlation with GSPD syndrome.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; metabolism ; Animals ; Corticosterone ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; metabolism ; Hypothalamus ; metabolism ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Models, Animal ; Pituitary Gland ; metabolism ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical significance of the operation score system for endoscopic thyroidectomy.

METHODSAn operation score system based on 6 important procedure skills of endoscopic thyroidectomy was established. And a retrospective study of the first 300 consecutive patients underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy from July 2001 to December 2007 by a single surgeon was performed. The patients was divided into 10 consecutive groups chronologically, each comprising 30 cases.

RESULTSThe mean operation score of all the patients was 6.0 and the mean operation time was 98.1 min. There were significant differences in the mean operation score, every skill score and the mean operation time among the 10 groups. In the consecutive two groups comparison, significant differences in the operation scores were observed between group 2 and 3 (P < 0.05) and between group 5 and 6 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe operation score system for endoscopy thyroidectomy is a useful method to judge the proficiency and the stability of the operation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care) ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroidectomy ; Young Adult

This paper gives a comprehensive illustration on the key technologies involved in HIFU treatment machine development and thus it can be used for reference and be of benefit to the further development.
Breast Neoplasms ; therapy ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; methods ; Liver Neoplasms ; therapy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; Transducers ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; instrumentation ; Ultrasonics

OBJECTIVETo explore the pathogenesis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and improve the differential diagnosis from myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) was performed to detect the point mutation of codon 12,13 in N-ras gene and codon 301, 969 in fms gene in adult and aged ITP and MDS patients.

RESULTSIn 25 ITP patients, N-ras mutation and fms mutation were detected in one each (4%). Mutations were found in 3 of 8 MDS patients: two (25%) with N-ras mutation and one (12.5%) with fms mutation.

CONCLUSIONSPatients with N-ras or fms gene mutation diagnosed as MDS rather than ITP.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Genes, fms ; genetics ; Genes, ras ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; genetics

To investigate the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) of the bcr and abl gene and chronic myelogeous leukemia (CML), the 9 sequence-tagged sites (STS) in bcr and abl gene were screened by DNA pooling and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (dHPLC), and the results were varified by sequencing. The results showed that the polymorphism sites were detected in 4 out of the 9 STS fragments and there were 3 bases different from the reference sequence found in 3 fragments. In conclusion, the novel SNP in U07000 fragment shows significantly different frequencies between CML and controled people.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; genetics ; Genes, abl ; genetics ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcr ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Tagged Sites

Objective The TLR4 signaling pathway may be involved in the development and progression of hepatocarcinoma . This study aimed to investigate the effect of inhibiting the TLR 4 signaling pathway on the orthotopic implanted liver tumor (OILT) in mice. Methods A TLR4-silencing siRNA lentiviral vector was constructed and transfected into mouse hepatoma H 22 cells.Mouse hepatoma H22 cells were divided into groups A (blank control), B (empty vector) and C (siRNA lentiviral vector), those in group A left untreated and those in groups B and C infected with an empty vector and the TLR 4-silencing siRNA lentiviral vector , respectively. The volumes of the OILTs in different groups measured and the expressions of TLR 4, MyD88, NF-κB and TRAM in the tumor cells de-termined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot . Results The OILT volume was significantly reduced in group C than in A and B ([568.3±90.3] vs [1303.0±194.1] and [1385.0±137.0] mm3 , P<0.05), and so were the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB and TRAM in the tumor cells (P<0.05). Conclusion Down-regula-ting the TLR4 signaling pathway can suppress the growth of the ortho -topic implanted liver tumor in mice, which may be associated with the activation of NF-κB by the MyD88-dependent signaling pathway and that of TRAM by the MyD88-independent signaling pathway .

Objective To observe the effect of ginsenoside Rb1,the most abundant ginsenoside in ginseng root,on differentiation and lipolysis of 3T3-L1 cells and to explore its anti-diabetic mechanism.Methods 3T3-L1 preadipoeytes were induced under standard differentiation process in the presence of 0.1,1,10,100?mol/L ginsenoside Rb_1 for 6 days.Oil red O staining,measurement of triglyceride contents and glucose uptake assay were performed.The expressions of mRNA and protein of PPAR?2,C/EBP?,ap2,glucose transporter (Glut) 1,and Glut4 were analysed with quantitative real time-PCR and Western blot.The binding affinity of Rb_1 to PPAR?-LBD was evaluated by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR).Lipolysis of adipocytes was examined by the measurement of glycerol released from adipoeytes treated with Rb_1 for 1 h.Results Ginsenoside Rb_1 facilitated differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipoeytes in a dose-depondent manner.10?mol/L ginsenoside Rb_1 increased lipid accumulation by about 56%.Treatment of differentiating adipocytes with 10?mol/L ginsenoside Rb_1 increased the expressions of PPAR?2 and C/EBP?mRNA and protein,as well as mRNA expression of ap2,one of their target genes.After treatment of differentiating adipoeytes with Rb_1,basal and insulin-mediated glucose transport augmented significantly accompanied by up-regulations of mRNA and protein level of Glut4,but not of Glutl.SPR showed Rb_1 could bind to PPAR?which suggested Rb_1 was a ligand of PPAR?.Ginsenoside Rb_1 inhibited basal lipolysis in adipoeytos in a dose-dependent manner.However,it did not affect isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis.Conclusion As a PPAR?ligand,ginsenoside Rb_1 promotes adipogenesis,inhibitas basal lipolysis and inereasos basal and insulin-mediated glucose transport in cultured adipoeytes.Therefore,anti-diabetic and insulin-sensitizing activity of ginsenosides is,at least in part,involved in the enhancing effect on PPAR?2 and C/EBP?expressions,hence promoting adipogenesis and glucose uptake,and inhibiting lipolysis in adipocytes.