Objective To study the rationality and possibility of 64 slice spiral CT in the examination of the temporal bone at low dose.Methods The same CT technique and temporal bone mode as those for clinical CT were used,two cranium specimens(four ears)were scanned with Somatom Sensation 64-slice spiral CT at different mA(380,300,200,160,120,80),and muhi-planar reformation was performed.The CT dose index at different mA groups were measured by 10 cm pencil ionization chamber and head dose phantom.Four anatomic structures on axial images(subarcuate fossa,tendon of tensor tympani, facial recess,etc),four anatomic structures on coronal images(scute,crista transversa,fenestra cochleae, etc)and six anatomic structures on double oblique images(malleus,incus,stirrup bone,upper bony semicircular,etc)were chosen to evaluate and grade the reformation images among different mA groups,and to determine the minimum mA value.Ten ears of five patients were used to test the validity of the minimum mA value.Results CT radiation dose was significantly reduced from(47.8?2.7)to(20.1?2.0)raCy (P

Streptomyces sp. A048 was cultured in a complete medium to the last stage of log phase,the hyphae were washed and collected by centrifugation. Then the hyphae were inoculated in liquid medium for chitinase production using two-step fermentation. Activity of chitinase produced by two-step fermentation was 1.1 times higher than that from one-step fermentation,and ferment cycle was for 54 hours,which was 66 hours shorter than that of one-step fermentation. The hyphae and the powder of chitin were co-immobilizated and cultured in liquid medium for 36 hours,activity of chitinase was 1.8 times higher than that from one-step fermentation,and ferment cycle was 54h shorter than that of one-step fermentation. By adding 0.4% cellulose to two-step fermentation,activity of chitinase was 18.52 U/mL that was 4 times higher than that from the control and 10 times higher than that from one-step fermentation. Two step fermentation with chitin and cellulose may be the optimal fermentation process to produce Chitinase from Streptomyces sp. A048.

The growth curve of single cell organisms in batch cultivation could divide into 6 phases, lag phase, acceleration phase, log phase, deceleration phase, stationary phase, and death phase, based on specific growth rate during cultivation process. There were significantly differences between deceleration phase and the other phases in cell growth, substrate consumption, product formation, and genes express profile. The deceleration phase was highly important to fermentation process. However, cognizing and teaching to the deceleration phase had been considerably weakened since a long period. So it should be strengthened.

Global longitudinal strain (GLS) at rest on two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D STE) was demonstrated to help detect coronary artery disease (CAD).However,the optimal cut-off point of GLS and its diagnostic power for detecting critical CAD in non-diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are unknown.In the present study,211 patients with suspected CAD were prospectively included,with DM patients excluded.All patients underwent echocardiography and subsequently coronary angiography within 3 days.Left ventricular (LV) GLSs were quantified by 2D STE.Territorial peak systolic longitudinal strains (TLSs) were calculated based on the perfusion territories of the 3-epicardial coronary arteries in a 17-segment LV model.Critical CAD was defined as an area stenosis ≥70％ in ≥1 epicardial coronary artery (≥50％ in left main coronary artery).Totally 145 patients were diagnosed as having critical CAD by coronary angiography.Significant differences were observed in all strain parameters between patients with and without critical CAD.The area under the receiver operating charcteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) for GLS in the detection of left main (LM) or threevessel CAD was 0.875 at a cut-off value of-19.05％ with sensitivity of 78.1％ and specificity of 72.7％,which increased to 0.926 after exclusion of apical segments (cut-off value-18.66％;sensitivity 84.4％ and specificity 81.8％).The values of TLSs were significantly lower in regions supplied by stenotic arteries than in those by non-stenotic arteries.The AUC for the TLSs to identify critical stenosis of left circumflex (LCX) artery,left anterior descending (LAD) artery and right coronary artery (RCA),in order of diagnostic accuracy,was 0.818 for LCX,0.764 for LAD and 0.723 for RCA,respectively.In conclusion,in non-DM patients with suspected CAD,GLS assessed by 2D STE is an excellent predictor for LM or three-vessel CAD with high diagnostic accuracy,and a higher cut-off point than reported before should be used.Excluding apical segments in the calculation of GLS can further improve the predictive accuracy of GLS.It is unsatisfactory for TLSs to be used to identify stenotic coronary arteries.

OBJECTIVETo explore the pathogenesis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and improve the differential diagnosis from myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) was performed to detect the point mutation of codon 12,13 in N-ras gene and codon 301, 969 in fms gene in adult and aged ITP and MDS patients.

RESULTSIn 25 ITP patients, N-ras mutation and fms mutation were detected in one each (4%). Mutations were found in 3 of 8 MDS patients: two (25%) with N-ras mutation and one (12.5%) with fms mutation.

CONCLUSIONSPatients with N-ras or fms gene mutation diagnosed as MDS rather than ITP.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Genes, fms ; genetics ; Genes, ras ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of modified culture method used to cytogenetic analysis and the clinically significance of chromosomal abnormalities to multiple myeloma (MM).

METHODSMononuclear cells were isolated from bone marrow aspirate of 20 MM patients; and then cultured for 3 days without any cytokines, and 6 days in the presence of IL-6 (10 ng/mL) and GM-CSF (30 ng/mL) before RHG banding analysis; the remained part of aspirates were treated directly. Eight cases of iron deficiency anemia were taken as control.

RESULTSThe experiment was failure in 2 cases because of blood clot, and another 2 cases could be analyzed only by direct method due to inadequate cells. The karyotype abnormalities were found from 4 cases of 16 available patients. Of them, three cases had complex karyotypes. The abnormalities were detected after 6 days culture with addition of cytokines. No abnormalities were detected from those groups of directly analysis and 3 day culture. Meantime, the clinical data showed that the patients with cytogenetic abnormalities were in stage III, and had a high percentage of MM cells (25%-56%) in their bone marrow, and also poor responses to prior chemotherapy. No cytogenetic abnormalities were found from control individuals in all groups.

CONCLUSIONExtended culture in the presence of cytokines could improve the efficiency of cytogenetic analysis to MM. Complex karyotype was common cytogenetic abnormalities in MM patients with poor response to chemotherapy.

Aged ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; genetics ; pathology

Apoptosis ; physiology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; enzymology ; pathology ; Carrier Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Gene Targeting ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; RNA Interference ; Telomerase ; metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

The aim of this study was to identify new biomarkers for early diagnosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The total protein samples of ALL cells and normal peripheral lymphocytic cells were extracted respectively. The two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight-mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF-MS) and database searching were used to identified differentially upregulated proteins, the S-P immunohistochemical method was performed for confirming and validating these proteins. The results indicated that two differentially upregulated proteins were preliminarily identified as glutathione S-transferase P (GST-P) and prohibitin (PHB) in ALL group. The immunohistochemistry detection revealed that the positive ratio of GST-P/PHB in ALL group was statistically higher than that in control group. It is concluded that GST-P and PHB may become the promising diagnostic biomarkers and drug targets for childhood patients with ALL.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; immunology ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Female ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Proteomics ; methods ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; methods

Aim To investigate the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide ( LBP ) on LPS-induced ARDS in mice and the potential mechanisms. Methods Thirty-two C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into control group, LPS group, LBP group and LY294002 ( Akt inhibitor) group, with eight mice in each group. The pathological changes in lung tissues were evaluated by HE staining, pulmonary edema was measured by wet/dry ratio( W/D) , and the concentra-tions of total protein and the levels of inflammatory cy-tokines in BALF were determined. MDA and SOD lev-els in lung tissues and the apoptosis of lung tissues were detected. The protein expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, p-Akt and p-eNOS were determined by Western blot. Results Compared with control group, severe pathological lung injury changes were observed in LPS group, and the W/D ratio, levels of total pro-tein and inflammatory cytokines in BALF, levels of MDA in lung tissues and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 significantly increased(P<0.05), while the lung SOD activity, the p-Akt and p-eNOS expression decreased( P<0.05) . LBP could significantly attenu-ate the indexes above(P<0.05). However, the pro-tective effects of LBP on ARDS were inhibited by Akt inhibitor LY294002. Conclusions LBP protects a-gainst LPS-induced ARDS in mice by alleviating EC barrier dysfunction via the suppression of inflamma-tion, oxidative stress and apoptosis, at least partially via activation of the Akt/eNOS singaling pathway.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of minimally invasive therapy on treating hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.Methods 40 cases hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage were randomly divided into two groups, 20 cases were received the minimally invasive drainage therapy and 20 cases medicine therapy.Results Effective rate was high(P