Objectives: To investigate the changes of brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in patients with vertebral artery dominant vertigo and to explore the possible mechanism of vertigo. Methods: Thirty-five patients with consecutive vertebral artery dominant vertigo detected by head magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) were included prospectively as the study group, and 29 patients without vertebral artery dominant vertigo as the control group. The age, sex, and other clinical histories were comparable in both groups. The degree of vertigo of the patients was graded and the BAEP examination was performed. The basilar artery and the changes of BAEP and its relationship with the dominant vertebral artery in patients of the two groups were analyzed. Results: Thirty-five patients with vertebral artery dominant vertigo and 29 patients without vertebral artery dominant vertigo were selected. Circled digit oneThe abnormal rate of basilar artery was 60% in the vertebral artery dominant group, and it was higher than 34.5% in the vertebral artery non-dominant group. There was statistically significant difference (χ2=4.135, P<0.05). The median value of basilar artery curvature was 3.67 mm in the dominant group, and it was larger than 1.73 mm in the non-dominant group. There was statistically significant difference (P<0.01). Circled digit twoThe peak latencies of I, III and V wave in the dominant group were longer than those in the non-vertebral artery non-dominant group (P<0.01). However, the difference of the peak latency of III wave did not reach statistical significance. Both the interpeak latencies of III - V and I - V in the vertebral artery dominant group were longer than those in the non-vertebral artery non-dominant group (P<0.05), and there was no statistical significance in the interpeak latencies of I - III (P > 0.05). The ratios of III - V/I - III in the vertebral artery dominant group was larger than those in the non-dominant group (P < 0.05). Circled digit threeThere was significant difference in the vertigo severity scale between the patients of vertebral artery dominant group (3.2±1.0) and those of vertebral artery non-dominant group(2.2±0. 7) (P<0.01). There were correlations between the vertigo severity scale of the vertebral artery dominance and each major abnormal item of BAEP. Of those, the correlations of III - V/I - III were the most significant (r = 0.617, P = 0.013). Conclusions: The abnormal rate of basilar artery, the abnormal rate of BAEP and the vertigo severity scales are higher in patients with vertebral artery dominance. There is correlation between the vertebral artery dominance and the abnormal BAEP.

In this paper, a model of three allogeneic mixed bone marrow transplantation of mice (BALB/c, H-2(d); C57BL/6, H-2(b); and CBA/N, H-2(k)) was established and whether or not prolongation of the survival time in recipient mice was observed. Lethally irradiated mice were transplanted with a mixture of a syngeneic plus two allogeneic bone marrow (A + B + C-->A, in a ratio of 1:4:4). At same time, mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) with three allogeneic lymphocytes in vitro and two allogeneic antigens stimulated delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) in vivo were performed. The results showed that the mice receiving mixed bone marrow transplant survived 56.6 +/- 27 days and the longest 103 days, however, only 15 +/- 5 days in the single allogeneic transplantation group. Whether two reacting cells to one stimulating cells or one reacting cells to two stimulating cells, all showed lower activity of MLC than that in one to one control group. In DTH assay, the mice sensitized with two allogeneic antigens showed lower reactivity than that in one antigen stimulated mice. It was concluded that the survival time of recipient mice was significantly prolonged after transplantation with three mixed allogeneic bone marrow.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; immunology ; mortality ; Graft vs Host Disease ; etiology ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed ; etiology ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Models, Animal ; Survival Rate ; Transplantation, Homologous

This study was aimed to investigate the correlation between the serum levels of IL-18 and acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) in patients received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), and to explore the role of serum IL-18 levels in the pathogenesis of aGVHD so as to provide a reliable and early indicator for the diagnosis of aGVHD. 62 patients received allo-HSCT were enrolled in this study. Before and after transplantation, as well as at onset of aGVHD. The serum levels of IL-18 were analyzed by ELISA. 62 patients were divided into 5 groups: group A without aGVHD (28 cases) referred to the patients who had no aGVHD after transplantation and whose specimen were collected before transplantation; group B with aGVHD before transplantation (34 cases) referred to the patients who had aGVHD after transplantation and whose specimen were collected before transplantation; group C before the onset of aGVHD (34 cases) referred to patients with I - II grade a GVHD whose specimen were collected before 3 - 4 days, and according to whether the I - II grade aGVHD patients developed III - IV grade or not after treatment, these patients were divided into two subgroups retrospectively, one subgroup had good curative effect (18 cases) and the other subgroup had not (16 cases); group D with I - II grade aGVHD; group E with III - IV grade aGVHD (16 cases). The results showed that 34 patients developed I - II grade aGVHD, then out of them 16 patients (16/34) developed III - IV grade aGVHD. The serum levels of IL-18 in these patients with aGVHD were higher than that in patients without aGVHD. About 3 days before onset of aGVHD, the serum levels of IL-18 started to increase. The serum levels of IL-18 were correlated with the severity of aGVHD, but no correlation was found with infection, conditioning regimens and disparity of HLA-typing. The serum levels of IL-18 in the early stage of aGVHD were correlated with prognosis. The aGVHD of patients with higher serum levels of IL-18 easy developed to III - IV grade aGVHD. It is concluded that the serum level of IL-18 in the patients received allo-HSCT is related to the occurrence of aGVHD. Detections of serum IL-18 are helpful for the early diagnosis of aGVHD, and the serum levels of IL-18 may be considered as a reliable indicator to evaluate the prognosis and severity of aGVHD.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; blood ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Interleukin-18 ; blood ; Leukemia ; blood ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiologic characteristics of human herpes virus (HHV) activated infection in the diseases of blood system and patients received allo-HSCT by statistically analyzing the screening results of 8 human herpes viruses (HHVs) of 4164 patients in Hebei Yanda LU Dao-Pei Hospital from 2012 to 2017. METHODS: PCR was used to screen 8 HHVs. RESULTS: Two thousand and fifty-two patients (49.28%) were HHV-positive among 4164 patients screened. Among these patients screened, the infection spectra of 8 human HHVs in hematological diseases as well as patients received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation of totally 2994 patients were summarized as follows: the positive rate of EBV (29.49%) was the highest, that of HCMV (23.15%), HHV-6 was 18.77% and HHV-7 was 17.64%, while the remaining 4 HHVs all≤2.1%. The rate of co-infection of various HHVs was significantly higher than that of single infection of HHV among all these disease groups except familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, for which single EBV infection was the most common. The differences of positive rates among these 8 human HHVs in hematological diseases as well as patients received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were statistically significant by Chi-square test of R*C tables (χ=54.99, P＜0.05). For each HHV, the differences of positive rates among the above-mentioned disease groups were also statistically significant except HHV-8 (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION The patients with various blood diseases have different activated infection spectra of HHVs. EBV, HCMV, HHV-6 and HHV-7 are most common in HHVs infection. Different HHVs infections correlate with different hematologion diseases.

Objective To investigate the effect of vertebral artery (VA) dominance on basilar artery (BA) curvature and pontine or cerebellar infarct occurring around the vertebrobasilar junction of VA. Methods Radiological data (infarct laterality,VA dominance,BA curvature and their directional relationships) were analyzed in 91 patients with acute unilateral pontine or posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) territory infarcts.Multiple regression analysis was performed to predict the moderate to severe BA curvature. Results The dominant VA frequently happened on the left side.Most patients had an opposite directional relationship between the dominant VA and BA curvature. Pontine infarct frequently happened opposite to the side of BA curvature and PICA infarct on the same side as the non-dominant VA side.The VA diameter was the only independent predictor for moderate to severe BA curvature (OR: 2.70; 95％CI: 1.22-5.98). Conclusion VA dominance is an important predictive factor of BA curvature,and BA curvature is usually opposite to the side of BA curvature; VA dominance and BA curvature caused by VA dominance increase the incidence of vertebrobasilar junctional infarcts.

Intracranial arterial dolichoectasia (IADE), also known as dilatative arteriopathy of the brain vessels, refers to an increase in the length and diameter of at least one intracranial artery, and accounts for approximately 12% of all patients with stroke. However, the association of IADE with stroke is usually unclear. Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is characterized by pathological changes in the small vessels. Clinically, patients with CSVD can be asymptomatic or present with stroke or cognitive decline. In the past 20 years, a series of studies have strongly promoted an understanding of the association between IADE and CSVD from clinical and pathological perspectives. It has been proposed that IADE and CSVD may be attributed to abnormal vascular remodeling driven by an abnormal matrix metalloproteinase/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase pathway. Also, IADErelated hemodynamic changes may result in initiation or progression of CSVD. Additionally, genetic factors are implicated in the pathogenesis of IADE and CSVD. Patients with Fabry’s disease and late-onset Pompe’s disease are prone to developing concomitant IADE and CSVD, and patients with collagen IV alpha 1 or 2 gene (COL4A1/COL4A2) and forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) variants present with IADE and CSVD. Race, strain, familial status, and vascular risk factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of IADE and CSVD. As well, experiments in mice have pointed to genetic strain as a predisposing factor for IADE and CSVD. However, there have been few direct genetic studies aimed towards determining the association between IADE and CSVD. In the future, more clinical and basic research studies are needed to elucidate the causal relationship between IADE and CSVD and the related molecular and genetic mechanisms.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Donors ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; etiology ; Hematopoiesis ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Leukemia ; blood ; mortality ; therapy ; Male ; Recurrence

The purpose of this study was to explore the significance of abnormal karyotype in diagnosis and prognosis estimation of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Chromosome analysis were performed in 306 cases of MDS using the short-term culture of bone marrow cell and G-banding technique, and in partial cases FISH technique was used for this analysis. 93 out of 306 cases were followed up. The results showed that 144 cases (47.1%) had clonal chromosome aberrations. The most common chromosomal aberrations included +8, translocation, complex or high complex karyotype, -7/7q-, 20q-/-20, trisomy 1 or partial trisomy 1, +11/+11q-, -9/9q-, +9/9q+, -Y, dup(1q), +21. The rate of abnormal karyotype in refractory anemia with erythroblasts (RAEB) and refractory anemia with erythroblasts-transformation (RAEBT) were much higher than in refractory anemia (RA) and refractory anemia with sideroblasts (RAS) (P < 0.05). The rate of abnormal karyotype among those cases with mutagen contact history were higher than those in cases without mutagen contact history. The patients with abnormal karyotype had a mean survival time much shorter than patients with normal karyotype (P < 0.005) and had a higher risk transforming into acute leukemia (P < 0.05). The worst outcome was observed in those patients with a complex or high complex karyotype, -7/7q- and trisomy 11. In conclusion, MDS is highly heterogeneous disorders and karyotype analysis is helpful for its diagnosis, treatment selection and prognosis estimation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; genetics ; mortality ; Prognosis

To investigate the cytogenetic and clinical characteristics in patients with abnormalities at the short arm of chromosome 12, chromosome specimens were prepared by 24-hour culture of bone marrow cells and undergone karyotype analysis by G-banding technique. The results showed that aberration at the short arm of chromosome 12 were detected in 16 cases with 12p balanced translocation, in 10 cases with 12p deletion, 6 cases with 12p addition, and in 1 case with inversion 12. By complex karyotype classification, 12p translocation included 6 simple aberrations, 6 complex aberrations, and 4 highly complex aberrations; while 12p deletion were mainly composed of highly complexity of aberration. Patients consisted of acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, chronic myelogenous leukemia and so on. Clinical follow-up data were available in 14 patients, in which 8 cases of acute leukemia were treated with conventional chemotherapy only. Three of them attained complete remission, and the median survival time in 8 patients was 5.5 months. In conclusion, the aberrations at short arm of chromosome 12 were involved in a broad spectrum of haematological malignancies, and the karyotypes showed most complexity of aberration with low remission rate and short survival in clinic.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12 ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; genetics ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; genetics

To investigate the cytogenetic and clinical characteristics of inv(3q) (q21q26) and t(3;3) (q21; q26) aberrations as well as prognosis, cases were collected and chromosome specimens of bone marrow cells were prepared by 24-hour culture, while G-banding technique was used to perform karyotyping. The results showed that the simple inv(3q) and t(3; 3) aberrations were rare, they commonly combined with other chromosome aberrations such as -7/7q- and t (9; 22). The involved diseases included myelodysplastic syndromes, acute myeloid leukemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis. Out of 24 patients, 2 patients diagnosed with M(5) subtype did not achieve complete remission after multiple chemotherapy; 2 patients received allogenic stem cell transplantation relapsed. It is concluded that 3q21q26 aberration commonly combined with chromosome aberration 7/7q-, for these patients the efficacy of chemical therapy is poor, the efficacy of bone marrow transplant is too poor, these patients with inv(3q) and t(3; 3) aberrations have poor prognosis and short overall survival.
Adult ; Aged ; Chromosome Inversion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; genetics ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; genetics ; Prognosis ; Translocation, Genetic ; Young Adult