Objective To investigate the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 pretreatment on the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus of rat models under acute immobilization stress.Methods Eighteen Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups (each n =6):normal control group,acute immobilization stress model group,and ginsenoside Rbl group.The rats in acute immobilization stress model group and ginsenoside Rb1 group were exposed to acute immobilization for 2 hours.Thirty minutes before the modeling,ginsnoside Rb1 (40 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into rats in the ginsenoside Rbl group,and the control group was not treated.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of plasma cortisol (CORT) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).The real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to examine the expression of BDNF mRNA in rat hippocampus and its expression of BDNF protein was measured by Western Blot.Results In acute immobilization stress model group,compared with those before modeling,the plasma CORT and ACTH concentrations were significantly higher after modeling [CORT (μg/L):3.79 ± 0.50 vs.2.06 ± 0.35,ACTH (μg/L):1.69 ± 0.12 vs.0.94 ± 0.12,both P ＜0.05];compared with the normal control group,the mRNA and protein expressions of BDNF in hippocampus in the acute immobilization stress model group were decreased significantly [BDNF mRNA (A value):42.87 ± 5.56 vs.109.39 ± 9.11,BDNF protein (grey value):0.94 ± 0.02 vs.1.02 ± 0.03,both P ＜ 0.01];compared with acute immobilization stress model group,the mRNA (113.73 ± 6.24 vs.42.87 ± 5.56) and protein expressions (1.04 ± 0.02 vs.0.94 ± 0.02) of BDNF in hippocampus of pre-treatment groups were significantly higher (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The results suggest that pretreatment with ginsenoside Rb1 alleviate hippocampus lesion induced by acute immobilization stress through regulating the BDNF mRNA and protein expressions in hippocampus.

This paper described the practice of medical cost control in Hubei's provincial state-owned hospitals. Their measures taken include combinations of overall planning and classification, total volume control and structural adjustment, external governance and internal management, as well as systematical management and difficulties breakthroughs. This paper proposed to further consolidate the outcomes of the abovementioned efforts by improving the fiscal compensation mechanism, furthering medical insurance payment reform, and continuing to monitor and publicize the medical expenses.

Since the COVID-19 outbreak, medical institutions in different parts of the country have experienced personal protective equipment(PPE) shortages at different levels. The situation is especially severe in the COVID-19 epicenter. Overseas donation is one of the effective ways to ease the shortage of PPE. Based on the practice of Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, the authors discussed the difficulties and risks for public hospitals to receive overseas donations, summarized experience and proposed suggestions which can be used as reference for other public hospitals and related departments.

Taking Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology as an example,it discusses the basic ideas and innovative practices of project organization from"passive order taking"to"active planning",platform construction from"free growth"to"directional cultivation",team construction from"wearing hats"to"focusing on actual combat",and achievement transformation from"resource guidance"to"comprehensive policy".It puts forward some suggestions that hospitals should play the leading role of"national team"in organizing scientific research and innovation practice,pay attention to the docking of national strategy,the linkage of university resources.

The development characteristics of tertiary public hospitals in China presented differently under the macro environment in different periods. Based on the theory of supply and demand chain of medical services, the authors discussed the key factors affecting the high-quality development of tertiary public hospitals under the new situation from the four elements of production, distribution, circulation and consumption, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions as follows: optimizing the supply of medical talents and system construction in the production process; speeding up the layout of high-quality resources and the construction of an integrated medical service system in the distribution process; strengthening imformation construction and the scientific and technological innovation in the circulation process; expanding healthcare/prevention integration and refining supporting policies in the consumption process, so as to provide reference for accelerating the high-quality development of public hospitals in China.

Since the COVID-19 epidemic broke out in Wuhan, medical institutions in different parts the country have experienced personal protective equipment (PPE) shortages at different levels. The situation is especially severe in the coronavirus epicenter. Overseas donation is one of the effective methods to ease the shortage of protective equipment. Based on the practice of Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, the article discussed the difficulties and risks for public hospitals to receive overseas donations, summarized experience and proposed suggestions which can be used as reference for other public hospitals and related departments.