Objective To investigate the effect of kinesio taping on upper crossed syndrome (UCS). Methods From December, 2016 to March, 2017, 52 patients with UCS were randomly divided into control group (n=26) and observation group (n=26). The control group re-ceived exercise therapy, and the observation group received kinesio taping in addition, for four weeks. They were assessed with Visual Ana-logue Scale (VAS), forward head angle (FHA) and forward shoulder angle (FSA). Results There was no significant difference in the score of VAS, FHA and FSA between two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the scores of VAS, FHA and FSA significantly de-creased (t>2.804, P<0.05), and they were less in the observation group than in the control group (t>2.632, P<0.05). Conclusion Exercise therapy could relieve pain and correct abnormal posture of UCS, which is more effective combined with kinesio taping.

AIM:To explore whether YAP protein is important in induced pluripotent stem cell ( iPSC)-induced cardiovascular progenitor cell and/or vascular smooth muscle differentiation .METHODS:Using episomal vector based reprogramming , we generated human iPSCs from donor fibroblasts .We used both this iPSCs and human H 1 embryonic stem cells to differentiate into vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) through cardiovascular progenitor cells (CVPC).Western blotting, qPCR and immunofluorescence microscopy were used to check the expression of YAP and related genes during this differentiation process .RESULTS:The results showed that iPSCs expressed pluripotent stem cell markers, such as Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, TRA-1-60 and SSEA3, and could form teratoma in SCID mice.YAP was highly expressed in pluripotent stem cells , but dramatically decreased when CVPC differentiation started .YAP gradually increased dur-ing CVPC three-day differentiation.The TAZ and YAP binding partner TEAD1, but not TEAD2 and TEAD4, have similar expression pattern in CVPC differentiation .Immunofluorescence result confirmed that YAP was activated and accumulated in nucleus .Interesting-ly, both YAP and phosphorylated YAP expression decreased to very low level after CVPC differentiated into VSMCs in 7 days.TEAD4 and TAZ also decreased, while TEAD1, TEAD2 and TEAD3 expression did not change during VSMC differentiation .CONCLU-SION:YAP and TEAD1 expression increased during CVPC differentiation , while YAP and TEAD4 expression decreased from CVPC to VSMCs differentiation , which suggested YAP might have different function during diverse cell differentiation .

Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68), a member of the gammaherpesvirus family, replicates robustly in permissive cell lines and is able to infect laboratory mice. MHV-68 has emerged as a model for studying the basic aspects of viral replication and host-virus interactions of its human counterparts. Herpesvirus genome replication is mediated through a cis-element in the viral genome called the origin of lytic replication (oriLyt). A family of transcription factors, CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs), assists in oriLyt-mediated DNA replication during gammaherpesvirus reactivation. In this study, we examined the role of C/EBPs in gammaherpesvirus DNA replication during de novo infection, using MHV-68 as a model. We found that C/EBP α and β bind to the CCAAT boxes in the MHV-68 oriLyt core region both in vitro and in vivo, as demonstrated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. A dominant negative form of C/EBPs significantly impaired the lytic replication efficiency of MHV-68 on both the plasmid and genome levels in a replication assay, indicating that functional C/EBPs are required for maximal MHV-68 genome DNA replication. Collectively, our data demonstrate that C/EBPs interact with the oriLyt core region and play an important role in MHV-68 lytic DNA replication during de novo infection.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Cricetinae ; DNA Replication ; DNA, Viral ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay ; Genome, Viral ; Herpesviridae Infections ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Humans ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Isoforms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Replication Origin ; Rhadinovirus ; genetics ; metabolism ; Viral Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Virus Latency ; genetics

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD) and endoscopic naso-biliary drainage (ENBD) on hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HACC).Methods The clinical data of 87 patients with HACC,who underwent ERBD and ENBD form January 2010 to January 2016,were retrospectively analyzed.The incidence of postoperative severe cholangitis,biliary obstruction again within 4 weeks,reduction of total bilirubin and survival time were studied.Results There were significant differences between ERBD group and ENBD group on the incidence of severe cholangitis[29.2％ (14/48) VS 10.3％ (4/39),x2 =4.689,P=0.030] and bile duct obstruction in 4 weeks after operation [47.9％ (23/48) VS 23.1％ (9/39),x2=5.710,P =0.017].The total bilirubin within 2 weeks and 4 weeks postoperatively was significantly reduced compared with that before operation (P＜0.05).There was no statistical difference in descend range of total bilirubin between the two groups.There was significant difference between ERBD group and ENBD group in the median survival time [14 weeks (range,0-60 weeks) VS 34 weeks (range,2-96 weeks),x2 =10.101,P=0.010].Conclusion Compared to ERBD,ENBD has certain advantages on palliative care for HACC.

ObjectiveBy comparing the differences in composition and content of volatile components between Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma（AMR）and bleaching AMR， bran-fried AMR and bran-fried bleaching AMR， the effect of processing with rice-washed water on the volatile components in AMR and bran-fried AMR were investigated. MethodHeadspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（HS-GC-MS）was used to determine the volatile components in raw products， bran-fried products and their processed products with rice-washed water. GC conditions were programmed temperature（starting temperature of 50 ℃， rising to 140 ℃ at 10 ℃·min^-1， maintained for 5 min， then rising to 210 ℃ at 4 ℃·min^-1）， splitting ratio of 10∶1， high purity helium as the carrier gas and a solvent delay time of 3 min. MS conditions were an electron bombardment ion source（EI） with an electron collision energy of 70 eV， ion source temperature of 230 ℃， and the detection range of m/z 20-650. The relative contents of the components were determined by the peak area normalization method， the obtained sample data were subjected to principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） by SIMCA 14.1 software， and the differential components of AMR and bleaching AMR， and bran-fried AMR and bran-fried bleaching AMR were screened according to variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1 and P<0.05. ResultA total of 71 volatile components were identified， including 53 in AMR， 50 in bleaching AMR， 51 in bran-fried AMR， and 44 in bran-fried bleaching AMR. OPLS-DA results showed that there were significant differences between AMR and bleaching AMR， bran-fried AMR and bran-fried bleaching AMR， but not between AMR samples from different origins. The compound composition of AMR and bleaching AMR， bran-fried AMR and bran-fried bleaching AMR did not change， but the contents of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes changed significantly. ConclusionSignificant changes in the contents of volatile components were observed in AMR and bleaching AMR， bran-fried AMR and bran-fried bleaching AMR， among them， 1，2-dimethyl-4-methylidenecyclopentene， 9，10-dehydro-isolongifolene， γ-elemene， zingiberene， atractylone， silphinene， modhephene and （1S，4S，4aS）-1-isopropyl-4，7-dimethyl-1，2，3，4，4a，5-hexahydronaphthalene can be used as candidate differential markers of volatile components of AMR before and after processing with rice-washed water.

ObjectiveTo identify the chemical constituents of Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）， and to investigate the changes of terpenoids in Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water. MethodUPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to detect with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A）-acetonitrile （B）as mobile phase for gradient elution （0-0.01 min， 20%B； 0.01-5 min， 20%-40%B； 5-40 min， 40%-95%B； 40-42 min， 95%B； 42-42.1 min， 95%-20%B； 42.1-45 min， 20%B）， electrospray ionization （ESI） was selected for collection and detection in positive ion mode with the scanning range of m/z 100-1 250 and ion source temperature at 500 ℃. The data were analyzed by PeakView 1.2.0.3， the components were identified according to the primary and secondary MS data， and combined with the reference substance and literature. After normalized treatment by MarkerView 1.2.1， the MS data were analyzed by principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA）， and then the differential components before and after processing were screened. The content changes of differential components were analyzed according to the relative peak area. ResultA total of 30 components were identified under positive ion mode， including 28 prototerpene triterpenes and 2 sesquiterpenes. The results of PCA and OPLS-DA showed that there were significant differences in components from Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water， and 10 differential components （alisol B 23-acetate， alisol I， alismol， 11-deoxy-alisol B 23-acetate， alisol B， alisol C， 11-deoxy-alisol B， alisol G， 11-deoxy-alisol C and alisol A） were screened， and the contents of alisol G and alisol A decreased significantly after processing. ConclusionUPLC-Q-TOF-MS can comprehensively and accurately identify the chemical constituents in raw and salt-processed products of Alismatis Rhizoma. It takes a great difference in the contents of chemical constituents before and after processing， and the difference of substituents is the main reason for this differences， which can provide reference for determining the material basis of efficacy changes of Alismatis Rhizoma before and after processing with salt-water.

OBJECTIV E To study composition an d content changes of volatile components during the bleaching process of Atractylodis macrocephala with the water of washing rice. METHODS The raw products of A. macrocephala and bleached products of 5 different bleaching stages were prepared （in the first and second stages ，raw products were bleached with 9-fold volumn of the water of washing rice for 12 h and 24 h，respectively；in the third ，fourth and fifth stages ，the raw products were firstly bleached with 9-fold volumn of the water of washing rice for 24 h，and then bleached with 9-fold volumn of clean water for 12，24 and 48 h，respectively）；the bleaching temperature was set at 26 ℃. The volatile components of raw products of A. macrocephala and its bleached products of 5 different bleaching stages were qualitatively analyzed by using headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The relative percentage of each component was calculated by peak area normalization method. RESULTS A total of 49 volatile components were identified from raw products of A. macrocephala and its bleached products of 5 different bleaching stages，including 20 common volatile components such as terpinolene ，cyperene and atractylon ，etc. Among them ，33，31，28， 30，28 and 29 volatile components were identified from the raw products of A. macrocephala and the bleached products of the first to fifth stages ，the relative percentages of which were 66.218％ ，64.711％ ，79.410％ ，65.419％ ，67.101％ ，66.818％ ， respectively；among them ，the relative percentage of atractylon in bleached products was the highest in the fourth stage （41.206％），but was the lowest in the third stage （35.926％）. Compared with the raw product ，16 volatile components such as pethylbrene and β-vetivenen were added in the bleaching process ，while 8 volatile components such as ethyl palmitate and β-maaliene were not detected. However ，5 volatile components including 11-rotundene and （－）-valeranone in the bleaching process showed a trend of disappearance-emergence and disappearance-emergence-disappearance. CONCLUSIONS In the third stage，the total relative percentage of each volatile component and the relative percentage of representative dry component as ， atractylone are the lowest in bleached products of A. ； macrocephala，i.e. the bleaching technology of relieving the dry property of A. macrocephala e with the water of washing rice is bleaching with 9-fold volumn of the water of washing rice for 24 h，and then bleaching with 9-fold volumn of clean water for 12 h.