Objective To observe the change of intestinal microflora on the process of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),and to explore the synbiotics therapeutic effect on NASH.Methods Rats were administrated with high fat diet to establish NASH model.In the process of NASH rats modeling,the level of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting blood sugar (FBS) and fasting insulin (FINS) was dynamically tested by automatic biochemical analyzer.The change of main intestinal flora was detected by 16 S rRNA fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction.NAFLD activity score was calculated.HE staining was used to observe the hepaticpathological changes and the TLR4 expression was detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemical method.Until the 4th,8th,10th weekin the process of NASH modeling, 10 rats were feeded with synbiotics for 2 weeks, and all of above indicators were tested and observed.Results 1)With the extension of a high-fat diet feeding time, the degree of hepatocyte steatosis obviously increased.NAFLD score was significantly heightened(P<0.01).2)Number of independent activities of rats significantly increased, the serological level of TG, TC, LDL, FBS and FINS were lower significantly after intervention with synbiotics for 2 weeks(P<0.05).3)Synbiotics intervention for two weeks significantly increased the amount of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus and decrease the amount of enterococcus significantly(P<0.05).4)The expression of TLR4 was gradually increased in the process of NASH rats modeling(P<0.05),but decreased after 2 weeks of the synbiotics-intervention (P<0.05).Conclusions Intestinal microecology change is closely related to the development of NASH,therefor, synbiotics could improve the quality of life and biochemical indicators of NASH rats through adjusting intestinal microecology and the expression level of TLR4 protein might been involved.

Objective To explore the effects of case management on the stigma and coping style of discharged patients with bipolar disorder.Methods During October 2012 to October 2015, 116 cases of patients with bipolar disorder in our hospital were selected as the research object. Patients were randomly di-vided into the control group and the observation group, with 58 cases in each group. Patients in two groups were given routine nursing care, and patients in the observation group also received case management. The scores of stigma, coping style and quality of life (QOL) of patients between two groups before and after intervention were compared.Results After intervention, the scores of social contact, ability and treatment of stigma scale in the observation group were (12.75±3.05), (9.53±2.28) and (11.13±2.45), and they were all significantly lower than the control group (t=2.396,2.504,2.559;P<0.05). After intervention, the scores of solving problems, self-accusation, seeking help, fantasy, avoidance and rationalization of coping style scale in the observation were (8.02±3.06), (3.11±2.16), (6.13±2.62), (3.05±2.24), (4.09±2.06) and (6.61±3.28), and they were significantly better than those in the control group (t=2.573,2.537,2.186,2.389,1.996,2.557;P<0.05). After intervention, the total QOL health score of patients in the observation (56.87±17.13) was significantly better than (53.83±16.46) in the control group (t=2.279,P<0.05).Conclusions The case management can significantly reduce the stigma of patients with bipolar disorder, and improve the coping style and QOL of patients, so it can be further promoted and used.

Objective To predict the burden caused by fatal road traffic injuries from 2015 to 2030. Methods We searched the websites of United Nations Population Division,United States Department of Agriculture,World Health Organization,China Energy Research Foundation and other agencies to obtain the predictive values of gross domestic product(GDP)per capita,urbanization, motorization and education from 2015 to 2030 in China. Predicted values were then applied to log-linear models to estimate the numbers and years of life lost due to road traffic injuries from 2015 to 2030. Results The mortality rate caused by road traffic injury decreased slightly,from 13.7/100 000 in 2015 to 11.8/100 000 in 2030. 191,189,183,169 thousand persons were estimated to die from road traffic crashes in 2015,2020,2025 and 2030,respectively,showing a declining trend. Years of Life Lost(YLLs)caused by road traffic deaths were predicted to be 6 918,6 634,6 189,5 513 thousand years in 2015,2020,2025 and 2030,respectively,also showing a gradual downward trend. But the YLLs displayed an increase among people at 55 years of age or older,between 2015 and 2030. Results from the sensitivity analysis showed a stable forecasting result. Conclusion Mortality, number of deaths and YLLs from road traffic crashes were predicted to decrease slightly,between 2015 and 2030 but the number of deaths and YLLs due to road traffic injuries will continue to increase from 2015 to 2030.

This study was aimed to observe the effect of Bai-Zhu Huang-Qi (BZHQ) decoction ethyl acetate extract on NOD like receptor family,pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in macrophages.The U937 cells were pretreated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA,10 ng· mL-1) for 48 hours to induce macrophages.Effects on cell viability by different doses of BZHQ decoction ethyl acetate extract (0,3.125,6.25,12.5,25,50,100 μg· mL-1) were observed to select the appropriate concentration.Contents of NLRP3 and caspase-1 in cells were detected by real-time PCR and western blot.The concentration of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in cell supernatant was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay showed that when the drug concentration was lower than 25 μg· mL-1,there was no impact on cell viability;when the drug concentration was higher than 50 μg· mL-1,there was inhibition on cell viability (P ＜ 0.05).The concentration of 25 μg· mL-1 was used to conduct the following experiment.Compared to the blank group,the expression of NLRP3 and caspase-l in cells of the LPS group were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.01).The concentration of IL-1β in cell supernatant was also significantly increased (P ＜ 0.01).After treated with BZHQ decoction ethyl acetate extract,levels of NLRP3,caspase-1 and IL-1β were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05).It was concluded that BZHQ decoction ethyl acetate extract can inhibit the production of NLRP3 inflammasome in LPS-stimulated macrophages.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and incidence of illness of two-week duration, and the factors influencing these, among residents 15 years and older in four counties of Hunan Province. METHODS: Data were sampled from four counties of Hunan Province for the Fourth National Health Service Survey. Incidence and two-week prevalence of disease were used to assess the health service needs of residents. A non-conditional, stepwise logistic regression was employed to explore the influencing factors. RESULTS: The two-week prevalence and incidence were 11.5% and 3.9%, respectively, in four counties of Hunan. The three leading diseases of two-week prevalence were: respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, and musculoskeletal diseases. Non-conditional stepwise logistic regression showed that urban residents had 0.64 times the risk of two-week illness compared with the rural residents (P< 0.05); residents in the 45-59 year age group and the 60+ year age group had 1.69 and 2.62 times the risk of two-week illness compared with residents in the 15-44 year age group, respectively (P<0.05). The widowed had 1.91 times the risk of prevalence of two-week illness contrasted to singles (P<0.05); the students had 0.29 times the risk of two-week illness contrasted to the workers (P<0.05); urban residents had 0.63 times the risk of two-week illness compared with the rural (P<0.05); the widowed had 2.37 times the risk of incidence of two-week illness compared with singles (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The majority of health service needs of residents of four counties is generated by three diseases: respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, and musculoskeletal diseases. Relatively, rural residents, the elderly, employed persons and the widowed have higher health service needs than others and deserve specific attention.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Community Health Services ; statistics & numerical data ; Digestive System Diseases ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; epidemiology ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; epidemiology ; Sampling Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

According to the literature and expert experience, a comprehensive index system of subjective and objective was established, including the patient's condition, the treatment information for the same kind of patients, technical level of the medical team, and the medical conditions. Secondly, in the light of the heterogeneous evaluation information, the comprehensive index weight was computed by combining subjective weight and objective entropy weight. Furthermore, the VIKOR method was applied to deal with heterogeneous evaluation information and obtain the priority of potential surgical treatments. Taking a rectal cancer patient in a general hospital in Hunan Province as an example, the optimal surgical treatment obtained by this method was consistent with the actual treatment. The reliability and effectiveness of the heterogeneous VIKOR method based on probabilistic linguistic term sets are verified by an experimental example of rectal cancer, and the method can be used to help doctors, patients and family members to select the surgical treatments for rectal cancer effectively.
Body Weight ; Humans ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Reproducibility of Results

OBJECTIVETo explore the psychometric performances and applicability of SF-36v2 in assessment quality of life among urban residents in Chengdu.

METHODSDuring Oct. to Dec., 2012, 2 186 adult urban residents with clear mind and well self-express were recruited in the study by multistage stratified cluster sampling method in Chengdu urban area. The survey questionnaires included general health condition and quality of life, which was adopted the SF-36v2. Internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability and construct validity were all analyzed as indicators of the psychometric performance.

RESULTSThe survey released 2 186 questionnaires, with 2 182 ones returned and 2 178(99.8%) met the data standard. The scores of 8 scales in SF-36v2, including physical function (PF), role-physical (RP), bodily pain (BP), general health (GH), vitality (VT), social function (SF), role-emotion (RE) and mental health (MH), were 89.15 ± 17.56, 85.18 ± 22.52, 76.64 ± 17.80, 64.13 ± 19.56, 70.39 ± 17.31, 86.43 ± 17.35, 87.79 ± 19.24 and 80.61 ± 13.49, respectively; the floor effects were 0.28%, 0.41%, 0.23%, 0.28%, 0.09%, 0.05%, 0.14% and 0.23%, respectively; and the ceiling effects were 51.38%, 60.60%, 58.08%, 0.83%, 2.94%, 50.32%, 64.00% and 3.95%, respectively. The item-convergent validities were all achieved the standard (r = 0.40) except the item MH5 (Have you been happy?), and the total scaling success rate of item-convergent validity was 97.14%. The scales' success rates of item-discriminant validities for the SF, VT and MH scales were 93.75%, 56.25% and 97.50% respectively, while the rates of others were 100.00% and the total success rate was 96.43%. The internal reliability ranged from 0.724 to 0.974 across all the scales, except for SF (r = 0.603) and VT (r = 0.697). The two-week test-retest reliability ranged from 0.610 to 0.845. Within factor analysis, two common factors were confirmed, separately representing physical health and mental health, altogether contributing 64.4% of the total variance.

CONCLUSIONAs a revised version of SF-36v1, the SF-36v2 seemed to be more preferable in layout for questions and answers and could reduce the ceiling and floor effect. Additionally, it also showed comparatively well reliability and validity. And thereby we believed the SF-36v2 could be applied to assess the life quality among urban residents in Chengdu.

Adult ; China ; Data Collection ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Psychometrics ; Quality of Life ; Reproducibility of Results ; Research Design ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population

Hepatosplenic candidiasis (HSC) is a rare type of candidiasis that can occur in patients with hematologic malignancies, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. At present, there is still a lack of studies on HSC in patients with hematologic disorders. Based on The Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Invasive Fungal Disease in Patients with Hematological Disorders and Cancers (the 6th revision), We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with HSC treated in Peking University Institute of Hematology from 2008 to 2022. Finally, eighteen patients were included, with 1 (5.6%) proven, 2 (11.1%) probable, and 15 (83.3%) possible HSC. Among them, 3 (16.7%) patients occurred after haploid hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and 15 (83.3%) patients occurred after chemotherapy. 6 (33.3%) patients had positive blood cultures, including 4 cases of Candida tropicalis and 2 cases of Candida albicans. At 4 weeks of antifungal therapy, 10 (58.8%) patients achieved partial response (PR), At 8 weeks, 1 (6.3%) patients achieved complete response and 10 (62.5%) patients achieved PR. At 6 months after diagnosis, 3 (16.7%) patients died of hematopoietic recurrence, and none of them died of HSC. As a rare fungal infection disease, HSC has a low positive rate of microbiological and histological examinations, a persistent treat cycle, and has difficulty in remission, reminding us of the need for vigilance in patients with hematopoietic disorders and persistent fever.

OBJECTIVETo predict the burden caused by fatal road traffic injuries from 2015 to 2030.

METHODSWe searched the websites of United Nations Population Division,United States Department of Agriculture, World Health Organization, China Energy Research Foundation and other agencies to obtain the predictive values of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, urbanization, motorization and education from 2015 to 2030 in China. Predicted values were then applied to log-linear models to estimate the numbers and years of life lost due to road traffic injuries from 2015 to 2030.

RESULTSThe mortality rate caused by road traffic injury decreased slightly, from 13.7/100 000 in 2015 to 11.8/100 000 in 2030. 191, 189, 183, 169 thousand persons were estimated to die from road traffic crashes in 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030, respectively, showing a declining trend. Years of Life Lost (YLLs) caused by road traffic deaths were predicted to be 6 918, 6 634, 6 189, 5 513 thousand years in 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030, respectively, also showing a gradual downward trend. But the YLLs displayed an increase among people at 55 years of age or older, between 2015 and 2030. Results from the sensitivity analysis showed a stable forecasting result.

CONCLUSIONMortality, number of deaths and YLLs from road traffic crashes were predicted to decrease slightly, between 2015 and 2030 but the number of deaths and YLLs due to road traffic injuries will continue to increase from 2015 to 2030.

Accidents, Traffic ; mortality ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Cost of Illness ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult