Functional visual loss is caused by the functional disturbance of visual cortical area, which is induced by strong emotion impact. With the characteristics of diverse clinic symptoms, functional visual loss is usually hard to be identified and diagnosed. Four cases of functional visual loss are reported in this article. The patients were diagnosed by the query of medical history, observation of behavior and some examinations such as foggy test. The patients received suggestibility treatment, and achieved favourable therapeutic effect.

The development of primary or acquired taxane resistance inevitably becomes to be the main problem.Ixabepilone is effective in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients including those heavily pretreated or resistant to taxanes.Eribulin has been used for the treatment of MBC patients who have received at least two prior chemotherapy regimens.New microtubule-targeting agents are promising to be effective options for patients progressing after standard taxane-containing chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate ADR induced by dasatinib,and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS:By means of literature metrology method,dasatinib-induced ADR cases domestically and internationally reported were analyzed. RSEULTS:A total of 63 ADR cases were induced by dasatinib,and the age of patients were mainly 41-60 years old. The most cases(25.4%)occurred within 1 month of medication. The patients mainly were from Asian countries and regions(53.9%). Organs/systems involved in dasatinib induced ADRs were mainly respiratory system(40.1%),digestive system(17.5%)and hema-tologic system(11.7%). Main clinical manifestations were pleural effusion(23 cases),pulmonary artery hypertension(15 cases), expiratory dyspnea(8 cases),diarrhea(8 cases),etc. CONCLUSIONS:Daring the use of dasatinib,great importance should be attached to ADR monitoring and prevention so as to avoid serious ADR.

Objective:To investigate the role of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in the regulation of phagocytosis in Vibrio vulnificus ( V. vulnificus)-infected macrophages. Methods:Expression profiles of phagocytosis-related genes in PBS- and V. vulnificus-infected J774A.1 cells were analyzed by RNA-Seq. NLRP3-knockout (NLRP3 KO) J774A.1 cells were constructed using CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing system. The phagocytosis of V. vulnificus and pHrodo RED-labelled Escherichia coli ( E. coli) bioparticles in parental and NLRP3 KO J774A.1 cells was detected by flow cytometry. Real-time PCR was performed to measure the expression of Fgr2 b gene at mRNA level in PBS- and V. vulnificus-treated parental and NLRP3 KO J774A.1 cells. Results:The expression of 18 phagocytosis-related genes was upregulated in V. vulnificus-infected J774A.1 cells than in PBS-treated J774A.1 cells ( P<0.05). There was a 5 bp deletion in the exon 2 of NLRP3 gene in NLRP3 KO J774A.1 cells, resulting in frameshift mutation and complete loss of NLRP3 expression. NLRP3 KO J774A.1 cells exhibited enhanced phagocytosis of V. vulnificus and pHrodo RED-labelled E. coli bioparticles than parental J774A.1 cells ( P<0.05). Besides, the expression of Fgr2 b gene at mRNA level was significantly increased in V. vulnificus-infected NLRP3 KO J774A.1 cells than in parental J774A.1 cells ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The phagocytosis of V. vulnificus in macrophages could be negatively regulated by NLRP3, which was possibly mediated through the regulation of Fgr2 b gene expression.

Pharmacology is the bridge of preclinical and clinical medicine,as well as medical science and pharmaceutical sciences.Guiding students to grasp some memory method will make for inspiring student's thinking and increasing their interest in pharmacology teaching.And it will also help to improve the effect of pharmacology teaching.

AIM To study the distrubution and excretion of protopine in rats. METHODS Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method (RP HPLC) was developed for determining the level of protopine in rats. The analytical column were packed with 5 ?m C 18 . The mobile phase was a mixture of methanol, water and 10% acetic acid (80∶20∶2), in which the pH was modulated to 5 6 with 15% ammonia. Protopine biological samples were isolated well, in which two extraction with ether under basical condition and an extraction with 0 02 mol?L -1 sulfuric acid were performed, respectively. The content of protopine in the biological sample was measured by an UV detector at 285 nm. The distrubution and excetion of protopine have been investigated in rats after intravenous administration 10 mg?kg -1 . RESULTS Protopine distrubuted in many tissues after iv a dose of 10 mg?kg -1 . The higher level of protopine was found in lung, kidney, spleen and brain, and the highest was observed in lung at 5, 15 minutes after administration. However the top level tissue was testicle at 3 h, which may be due to small blood circulation. The excretion of the parent compound in urine was 36 87% of dose, but the excretion of the parent compound in feces and bile was less than 1% of dose. Plasma protein binding was less than 5%. CONCLUSION The distrubution of protopine is extensive and the parent compoud was mainly excreted by urine and plasma protein binding was low.

Objective: To investigate the causal relationship between antioxidant nutrients and pregnancy complications, so as to provide the reference for the prevention and treatment of pregnancy complications. Methods: Data of seven antioxidant nutrients including vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, copper and iron were collected from genome-wide association study (GWAS) Catalog database, and data of four pregnancy complications including gestational diabetes mellitus, pre-eclampsia, spontaneous abortion and preterm birth were collected from the Finland database. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data were collected, and 27 SNPS strongly correlated with seven antioxidant nutrients were selected as instrumental variables. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method with seven antioxidant nutrients as exposures factors and four pregnancy complications as outcome variables. The heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran's Q test, the horizontal pleiotropy was assessed using the MR-PRESSO test and MR-Egger regression, and the robustness of the results was verified with the leave-one-out. Results: Cochran's Q test showed heterogeneity of MR results between vitamin C and gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia and preterm birth, between vitamin E and iron and gestational diabetes (all P<0.05), and a random effect model was employed. There was no heterogeneity in other results (all P>0.05), and a fixed effect model was employed. MR analysis results showed that there was no causal association between seven antioxidant nutrients and the risk of four pregnancy complications (all P>0.05). MR-PRESSO test and the MR-Egger regression identified no horizontal pleiotropy of instrumental variables (both P>0.05). Conclusion This study did not find genetically predicted associations of antioxidant nutrients with pregnancy complications.

Objective:To investigate the cytotoxicity of a recombinant Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin membrane pore-forming peptide (rMpf) to J774A.1 cells as well as its influences on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lysosomes, and to analyze the cellular localization of the rMpf. Methods:The rMpf was expressed using an Escherichia coli expression system and then used to treat murine J774A.1 cells in vitro. The viability of rMpf- and PBS-treated J774A.1 cells and the levels of ROS and lysosomes in these cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Confocal microscopy was used to observe the cellular localization of rMpf in the J774A.1 cells. Results:No significant differences in cell viability, ROS production or lysosome formation in J774A.1 cells were found between low-dose (4 μg/ml) rMpf-treated and untreated groups. However, the cell viability, ROS production and lysosome formation were significantly decreased after treating J774A.1 cells with higher doses of rMpf (20 and 60 μg/ml). Moreover, the rMpf was found to localize in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of J774A.1 cells in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions:The rMpf could localize in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of J774A.1 cells. It would inhibit the cellular ROS production and lysosome formation to damage macrophage function. This study provided a novel sight for understanding the cytotoxic domain and pathogenesis of Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin and other membrane pore-forming cytolysins.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of postoperative fecal contamination in children pa-tients with Hirschsprung's disease(HSCR),and to construct and evaluate the risk predictive model.Methods The clinical data in 377 children patients with HSCR in 3 class 3A hospitals in Guangxi from Janu-ary 2016 to June 2021were retrospectively analyzed by adopting the convenience sampling method.The pa-tients were divided into the modeling group(n=264)and testing model group(n=113)with a ratio of 7∶3.The risk factors of postoperative fecal soiling were analyzed by the single factor and multiple factors,and the risk predictive model was constructed.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to detect the discriminative ability of the model and the H-L test was used to determine the goodness of fit of the mod-el.The model was prospectively validated in 21 children patients with HSCR from August to December 2021.Results Among 377 children patients with HSCR,the fecal soiling occurred in 131 cases with a incidence rate of 34.75％.The constructed predictive model of fecal contamination risk after HSCR operation:logit(P)=-2.385+1.697 × special type of megacolon+0.929 × Soave+0.105 × length of bowel resection+2.065 × il-literate caregivers+0.808 × caregivers'implementation of postoperative diet+0.867 × postoperative defecation training by caregivers.The area under the curve(AUC)in the modeling group was 0.849,the Yoden index was 0.53,the optimal critical value of the model was 0.32,the sensitivity was 76.00％,and the specificity was 77.00％.The H-L test,X2=6.649,P=0.575.AUC of the testing model group was 0.736,the sensitivity was 81.25％,and the specificity was 78.46％.The prospective validation results showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the model were 66.67％and 100％respectively.Conclusion The constructed model has good i-dentification and predictive ability.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the level of homocysteine in patients with postpartum depression is associated with depression index. METHODS: A total of 43 women with postpartum depression or with potential postpartum depression, who visited the psychological clinic of Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hunan Province from June, 2012 to April, 2014, were enrolled in this study. They were evaluated by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale. Chinese Classification of Mental Disorder (the third edition) was used for their diagnosis. The depressive index was calculated by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, and clinical symptom scores, which was used to assess the level of depressive symptoms. The level of homocysteine in serum was detected by chemoluminescent method. Meanwhile, another 31 women, who visited the hospital without postpartum depression, were used as controls to compare with the 43 patients. RESULTS: The homocysteine level in the women with postpartum depression was significantly higher than that in the control group [(10.09 ± 3.59) μmol/L vs (8.57 ± 1.59) μmol/L, t=12.392, P=0.001]. The depression index was positively correlated with the level of homocysteine (r=0.231, P<0.05). CONCLUSION The level of serum homocysteine is associated with postpartum depression, suggesting that the level of serum homocysteine might be a risk biomarker for postpartum depression.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Case-Control Studies ; Depression, Postpartum ; blood ; Female ; Homocysteine ; blood ; Humans ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales