Functional visual loss is caused by the functional disturbance of visual cortical area, which is induced by strong emotion impact. With the characteristics of diverse clinic symptoms, functional visual loss is usually hard to be identified and diagnosed. Four cases of functional visual loss are reported in this article. The patients were diagnosed by the query of medical history, observation of behavior and some examinations such as foggy test. The patients received suggestibility treatment, and achieved favourable therapeutic effect.

The development of primary or acquired taxane resistance inevitably becomes to be the main problem.Ixabepilone is effective in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients including those heavily pretreated or resistant to taxanes.Eribulin has been used for the treatment of MBC patients who have received at least two prior chemotherapy regimens.New microtubule-targeting agents are promising to be effective options for patients progressing after standard taxane-containing chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate ADR induced by dasatinib,and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS:By means of literature metrology method,dasatinib-induced ADR cases domestically and internationally reported were analyzed. RSEULTS:A total of 63 ADR cases were induced by dasatinib,and the age of patients were mainly 41-60 years old. The most cases(25.4%)occurred within 1 month of medication. The patients mainly were from Asian countries and regions(53.9%). Organs/systems involved in dasatinib induced ADRs were mainly respiratory system(40.1%),digestive system(17.5%)and hema-tologic system(11.7%). Main clinical manifestations were pleural effusion(23 cases),pulmonary artery hypertension(15 cases), expiratory dyspnea(8 cases),diarrhea(8 cases),etc. CONCLUSIONS:Daring the use of dasatinib,great importance should be attached to ADR monitoring and prevention so as to avoid serious ADR.

Objective:To investigate the role of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in the regulation of phagocytosis in Vibrio vulnificus ( V. vulnificus)-infected macrophages. Methods:Expression profiles of phagocytosis-related genes in PBS- and V. vulnificus-infected J774A.1 cells were analyzed by RNA-Seq. NLRP3-knockout (NLRP3 KO) J774A.1 cells were constructed using CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing system. The phagocytosis of V. vulnificus and pHrodo RED-labelled Escherichia coli ( E. coli) bioparticles in parental and NLRP3 KO J774A.1 cells was detected by flow cytometry. Real-time PCR was performed to measure the expression of Fgr2 b gene at mRNA level in PBS- and V. vulnificus-treated parental and NLRP3 KO J774A.1 cells. Results:The expression of 18 phagocytosis-related genes was upregulated in V. vulnificus-infected J774A.1 cells than in PBS-treated J774A.1 cells ( P<0.05). There was a 5 bp deletion in the exon 2 of NLRP3 gene in NLRP3 KO J774A.1 cells, resulting in frameshift mutation and complete loss of NLRP3 expression. NLRP3 KO J774A.1 cells exhibited enhanced phagocytosis of V. vulnificus and pHrodo RED-labelled E. coli bioparticles than parental J774A.1 cells ( P<0.05). Besides, the expression of Fgr2 b gene at mRNA level was significantly increased in V. vulnificus-infected NLRP3 KO J774A.1 cells than in parental J774A.1 cells ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The phagocytosis of V. vulnificus in macrophages could be negatively regulated by NLRP3, which was possibly mediated through the regulation of Fgr2 b gene expression.

Pharmacology is the bridge of preclinical and clinical medicine,as well as medical science and pharmaceutical sciences.Guiding students to grasp some memory method will make for inspiring student's thinking and increasing their interest in pharmacology teaching.And it will also help to improve the effect of pharmacology teaching.

AIM To study the distrubution and excretion of protopine in rats. METHODS Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method (RP HPLC) was developed for determining the level of protopine in rats. The analytical column were packed with 5 ?m C 18 . The mobile phase was a mixture of methanol, water and 10% acetic acid (80∶20∶2), in which the pH was modulated to 5 6 with 15% ammonia. Protopine biological samples were isolated well, in which two extraction with ether under basical condition and an extraction with 0 02 mol?L -1 sulfuric acid were performed, respectively. The content of protopine in the biological sample was measured by an UV detector at 285 nm. The distrubution and excetion of protopine have been investigated in rats after intravenous administration 10 mg?kg -1 . RESULTS Protopine distrubuted in many tissues after iv a dose of 10 mg?kg -1 . The higher level of protopine was found in lung, kidney, spleen and brain, and the highest was observed in lung at 5, 15 minutes after administration. However the top level tissue was testicle at 3 h, which may be due to small blood circulation. The excretion of the parent compound in urine was 36 87% of dose, but the excretion of the parent compound in feces and bile was less than 1% of dose. Plasma protein binding was less than 5%. CONCLUSION The distrubution of protopine is extensive and the parent compoud was mainly excreted by urine and plasma protein binding was low.

Objective: To investigate the causal relationship between antioxidant nutrients and pregnancy complications, so as to provide the reference for the prevention and treatment of pregnancy complications. Methods: Data of seven antioxidant nutrients including vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, copper and iron were collected from genome-wide association study (GWAS) Catalog database, and data of four pregnancy complications including gestational diabetes mellitus, pre-eclampsia, spontaneous abortion and preterm birth were collected from the Finland database. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data were collected, and 27 SNPS strongly correlated with seven antioxidant nutrients were selected as instrumental variables. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method with seven antioxidant nutrients as exposures factors and four pregnancy complications as outcome variables. The heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran's Q test, the horizontal pleiotropy was assessed using the MR-PRESSO test and MR-Egger regression, and the robustness of the results was verified with the leave-one-out. Results: Cochran's Q test showed heterogeneity of MR results between vitamin C and gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia and preterm birth, between vitamin E and iron and gestational diabetes (all P<0.05), and a random effect model was employed. There was no heterogeneity in other results (all P>0.05), and a fixed effect model was employed. MR analysis results showed that there was no causal association between seven antioxidant nutrients and the risk of four pregnancy complications (all P>0.05). MR-PRESSO test and the MR-Egger regression identified no horizontal pleiotropy of instrumental variables (both P>0.05). Conclusion This study did not find genetically predicted associations of antioxidant nutrients with pregnancy complications.

Objective To discuss the advantages of electronic questionnaire in nurses′satisfaction survey and evaluate its application effect .Methods Electronic questionnaire was designed and used to investigate nurse satisfaction .The time spent in each step of survey between traditional paper questionnaire and electronic questionnaire was compared .Results There were differences in the time of printing , binding, issuing, designing, inputting and summarizing results between two kinds of questionnaire , and there were differences in the recovery rate , effective rate and the number of nurses who put forward of written opinions and suggestions questionnaires between two kinds of questionnaire (P<0.001).The differences in the results of satisfaction between two kinds of questionnaire were statistically significant ( P<0.001 ) .Conclusions The application of electronic questionnaire make the data collection process of nurse satisfaction more smoothly , and nursing managers can understand the nurse satisfaction timely and effectively .It has positive significance in improving the level of hospital management .

Objective:To investigate the cytotoxicity of a recombinant Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin membrane pore-forming peptide (rMpf) to J774A.1 cells as well as its influences on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lysosomes, and to analyze the cellular localization of the rMpf. Methods:The rMpf was expressed using an Escherichia coli expression system and then used to treat murine J774A.1 cells in vitro. The viability of rMpf- and PBS-treated J774A.1 cells and the levels of ROS and lysosomes in these cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Confocal microscopy was used to observe the cellular localization of rMpf in the J774A.1 cells. Results:No significant differences in cell viability, ROS production or lysosome formation in J774A.1 cells were found between low-dose (4 μg/ml) rMpf-treated and untreated groups. However, the cell viability, ROS production and lysosome formation were significantly decreased after treating J774A.1 cells with higher doses of rMpf (20 and 60 μg/ml). Moreover, the rMpf was found to localize in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of J774A.1 cells in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions:The rMpf could localize in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of J774A.1 cells. It would inhibit the cellular ROS production and lysosome formation to damage macrophage function. This study provided a novel sight for understanding the cytotoxic domain and pathogenesis of Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin and other membrane pore-forming cytolysins.

Objective To explore the application value of ZZAP reagent in treating allogeneic erythro-cytes for absorption experiment use and in excluding the interference of erythrocyte autoantibodies in pre-transfusion tests.Methods The serological characteristics of 413 cases of erythrocyte autoantibodies interfer-ence in pre-transfusion tests in this center from January 2017 to February 2024 was retrospectively analyzed.The antibody identification adopted different methods.The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the antibody identification method:self-absorption group(the serum after autologous cell absorption test con-ducted the antibody identification and cross matching,n=87),unabsorption group(the serum of the patients conducted the antibody identification and cross-matched,n=277)and allogenic absorption group(the serum after allogeneic erythrocyte absorption test treated by ZZAP reagent condcuted the antibody identification and cross-matched,n=49).Among them,77 cases of allogenic absorption treated by ZZAP reagent and without absorption test were selected and conduct the detailed survey on the blood infusion effective rate and iso-anti-body detection situation.The changes of red blood cell(RBC)count,hemoglobin(Hb)and hematocrit(Hct)were compared before and after blood transfusion.The effect of allogenic cells absorption method for exclu-ding the autoantibodies interference and increasing the blood transfusion effect after ZZAP reagent treating al-logenic cells was analyzed.Results The typing results of antihuman globulin test(direct method)in the pa-tients with RBC atoantibodies were mainly IgG positive and IgG+C3d positive,and the autoantibodies were mainly the warm autoantibodies and cold and warm mixed autoantibodies.HB,RBC Hct after blood transfu-sion in the allogenic absorption group and unabsorption group all were improved.The alloantibody detection rate in the allogenic adsorption group was 42.86％,which was significantly higher than 12.64％in the unab-sorbed group and 11.49％in the autologous adsorption group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).The total effective rate of blood transfusion in the allogenic adsorption group was 95.92％,which was significantly higher than 78.57％in the unabsorbtion group,and the differences were statistically significant(P=0.016).Conclusion The adsorption of allogeneic cells after ZZAP treatment could serve as a substitute scheme for the inoperable autoadsorption,which effectively excludes the interference of autoanti-bodies on the pre-transfusion test,and increase the safety and effectiveness of blood transfusion.