Objective To investigate the correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)and prognostic factors in rectal cancer.Methods 5 5 patients with rectal cancer were confirmed pathologically.Conventional pelvic MRI and DWI examination were performed,and the mean ADC values of tumor were measured preoperatively.The patients were divided into two groups with or without lymph node metastasis,and were also divided into four groups with negative,weakly positive,positive or strongly positive expression of EGFR in rectal cancer.The ADC values were calculated in each group,and the correlation of ADC values with the lymph node status and EGFR expression classification were analyzed.Results In 5 5 patients with colorectal cancer,there were 13 lesions with lymph node metastasis and the positive expression rate of EGFR was 67.2%.There were no significant difference in mean ADC value between the groups with and without lymph node metastasis (P=0.342).The number of lesions with negative,weakly positive,positive and strongly positive EGFR expression were 18,15,12 and 10.The difference in the mean ADC values among negative,weakly positive,positive and strongly positive expression groups of prognostic factor EGFR was not significantly different (P=0.412).There were also no correlations in the prognostic factors mentioned above (r=0.183 and -0.324,all P>0.05).Conclusion The ADC value can not be used to predict the prognosis and to provide more valu-able information for individualized therapy in patients with rectal carcinoma,which needs further studiy in the future.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic performance of enhancement value and morphological features by using mul-tiphasic MDCT on differentiating untypical T4a from T3 gastric cancer.Methods Fifty-one histopathologically proven T3 and T4a gastric cancer patients with smooth serosa were collected retrospectively.Three radiologists read all images regarding morphological features,while the CT value and enhancement value of regions of interest (ROIs)located in the outer of lesion were calculated.Cut-off analysis was performed to determine optimal threshold levels of enhancement value to discriminate T4a and T3 gastric cancer.Di-agnostic performance of enhancement value and combination of enhancement value and morphologic assessment were compared with morphologic assessment by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve analysis.Results The sensitivity and specificity of morphological features was 66.67% and 33.33% respectively;the area under the ROC of enhancement value (between venous phase and plain scan)for differentiating T4a from T3 gastric cancer was 0.82,with a cut-off at 43.6 HU,sensitivity of 74.07% and specificity of 70.83%.Combined conventional standard and enhancement value,sensitivity of 100.00% and specificity 26.31%. Conclusion For differentiation of T4a and T3 gastric cancer by means of MDCT,enhancement value is found to be superior to con-ventional standard.

Objective To investigate the correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)value of MR diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)and Ki-67 expression in rectal cancer.Methods The data of 47 patients with rectal cancer confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed.Pelvic MRI,rectum DWI and enhanced examination were performed preoperatively.According to the Ki-67 index,the patients were divided into A-D four Groups:Group A with Ki-67 <10% (-),Group B with Ki-67 10%-25%(+),Group C with Ki-67 26%-50%(++);and Group D Ki-67 > 50%(+++).ADC values were calculated in each group to analyze the correlation with the Ki-67 expression levels.Results The mean ADC value were (1.280 ± 0.200 )× 10 -3 mm2/s in Group A (13 cases),(1.044±0.046)×10 -3 mm2/s in Group B (14 cases),(0.987 ±0.256)×10 -3 mm2/s in Group C (9 cases), and (0.85 1±0.099)×10 -3 mm2/s in Group D (1 1 cases).The mean ADC values were significantly different in the different groups with different levels of Ki-67 expression (P =0.001).ADC value and Ki-67 expression were moderate negatively correlated (r = -0.577, P=0.000).Conclusion DWI and ADC measurement can evaluate indirectly the cell proliferation and prognosis of rectal tumor to some extent.

In this experiment, a novel biotin-avidin conjugation probe was synthesized and employed in the detection of reverse-phase protein microarray. Firstly, the proportion of the biotin-avidin conjugation probe was optimized. Then the rat IgG and goat anti-rat IgG system was served as a model to optimize the fabrication conditions of reverse-phase protein microarray, including the non-specific absorption of streptavidin-Cy3 molecules, spotting buffer as well as protein activities. At last, the biotin-avidin conjugation probe was applied to the detection of the reverse-phase protein microarray. The results show that the protein microarray prepared by using BSA spotting buffer could prevent non-specific absorptions of fluorescent molecules and improve the sensitivity, effectively. In addition, compared with traditional biotin-avidin system, the detection limit could be improved four times using the biotin-avidin conjugation probe. In conclusion, the biotin-avidin conjugation probe has its merits of easy synthesis, low price and could be further conjugated with other signal amplification techniques, which is promising to be used in the detection of protein microarray.
Avidin ; chemistry ; Biotin ; chemistry ; DNA Probes ; Immunoglobulin G ; analysis ; immunology ; Protein Array Analysis ; methods

Objective Toinvestigatetheconsistencyofultrasoundand MSCTindiagnosing microvascularinvasion (MVI)in hepatocellularcarcinoma,andtocomparethediagnosticefficiencyofbothtwomethods.Methods TheultrasoundandMSCTdataof 82patientswithhepatocellularcarcinomawerecollected.Accordingtothepostoperativepathologicalresults,theconsistencyanddiagnostic efficiencyofultrasoundandMSCTindiagnosingMVIinhepatocellularcarcinomawerecompared.Results Accordingtothepostoperative pathologicalfindingsof82patients,30caseswerepositiveofMVI,while52caseswerenegative.ThepreoperativeMSCTandultrasound examinations had a strong consistency (Cohen’s Kappa＝0.829 ,P＜0.001 ).The sensitivity ,specificity and accuracy of preoperative ultrasoundinpredictingtheMVIinhepatocellularcarcinomawere76.67% (23/30),67.31% (35/52)and70.73% (58/82),respectively. Thesensitivity,specificityandaccuracyofpreoperativeMSCTinpredictinghepatocellularcarcinomaMVIwere83.33% (25/30),73.08%(38/52)and75.61% (63/82),respectively.Conclusion Preoperativeultrasoundand MSCThavegoodconsistencyandhighdiagnostic efficiencyindiagnosing MVIinhepatocellularcarcinoma.

Objective To investigate the value of spectral CT imaging in diagnosis of axillary lymphatic metastasis of breast carcinoma. Methods 27 cases of breast carcinoma who met the criteria underwent dual-phase enhanced spectra CT scan.The axillary lymph nodes were matched one-to-one between CT images and postoperative pathology.The four parameters,including NIC-A,NIC-V, λHU-A,and λHU-V were analyzed among primary tumors,metastasis and non-metastasis lymph nodes.The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curves of the four parameters were used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy in axillary lymphatic metastasis.Results The four parameters showed significant differences among the primary tumors,metastasis lymph nodes and non-metastasis lymph nodes. The four parameters were also significantly different between the primary tumors and non-metastasis lymph nodes,between metastasis lymph nodes and non-metastasis lymph nodes.Only NIC-V was significantly different between the primary tumors and metastasis lymph nodes.When NIC-A value of 0.148 was used as the threshold for diagnosing lymphatic metastasis,the sensitivity,specificity and the area under the curve were 80.00%,84.62% and 0.888,respectively.Conclusion The parameters of spectral CT imaging can significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of axillary lymphatic metastasis of breast carcinoma,which can be used as a reference for clinical diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the Z values of true and false positive cases by non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) in order to improve its accuracy in clinical practice. METHODS: Results of 24 384 NIPT tests were reviewed. For cases with high risks for trisomies 21, 18 and 13, the range of Z values in true and false positive cases was analyzed and discussed. RESULTS: A total of 335 high-risk cases were identified by NIPT, among which 256 had elected prenatal diagnosis, 153 (59.77%) were verified as true positives, and 103 (40.23%) were false positives, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.9994. For NIPT screening, the positive predictive value (PPV) for trisomy 21 was 100% when Z>13, regardless if the pregnant woman was over 35. When 335 and about 41.6% (5/12) for those<35. For trisomy 18, the PPV was 100% when Z>13, and only 14.3% (1/7) when 3CONCLUSION NIPT is a technique similar to prenatal diagnosis and has a high positive predictive value for trisomies 18 and 21. Proper classification and division of the high-risk Z value of NIPT can further improve the positive predictive values for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 in different intervals, and is more helpful to guide clinicians in genetic counseling for high-risk pregnant women. Meanwhile, the compliance of prenatal diagnosis in high risk NIPT pregnant women with Z value between 3~13 was improved.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Trisomy 13 Syndrome/genetics* ; Trisomy/genetics* ; Down Syndrome/genetics* ; Chromosome Disorders/genetics* ; Trisomy 18 Syndrome/diagnosis* ; Prenatal Diagnosis/methods*