Metabolic bone disease is one of the common complications in preterm neonates,which has important influence on the quality of life,even increases the risk of adulthood osteoporosis. Early diagnosis and therapy are important for the improvement of outcome of preterm neonates. This article reviews the progress of prevention and treatment of metabolic bone disease in preterm neonates.

Objective To explore the clinical effects of second non-myeloablative stem cell transplantation (NAST). Methods Six cases of malignant hematological diseases receiving second NAST were retrospectively analyzed. Of them, 3 were suffered from transplant rejection after 1st NAST and the remaining 3 were stable mixed chimerism. Results Five of the patients achieved complete donor's chimerism and have been in disease-free-survival for 6～27 months. 1 GVHD occurred in only one of the 6 patients, and no transplant-related death happened. Conclusion Second NAST is effective for the treatment of patients with transplant rejection,and is also rational choice for those patients with refractory or relapse malignant hematological diseases.

Objective To practice the prevention and treatment of severe bone marrow form and intestine form of acute radiation sickness complicated by bacteria infection for providing an effective method on the treatment of acute radiation sickness. Methods Two patients with severe acute radiation sickness suffered from different infection during treatment. Based on their clinical symptoms, image analysis and the findings of microbiological culture, the patients underwent different anti-bacteria and anti-fungi treatment, and the results were evaluated. Result Repeated multiple bacterial infection companied with fungi infection occurred in the two patients with severe acute radiation sickness during the period of treatment. The bacterial infection was controlled temporarily by an intensively antibacterial and antimycotic treatment, but the fungi infection was uncontrolled. In patient A, acute peritonitis occurred 14 days after exposure, and pulmonary infection occurred 19 days after exposure. The pulmonary infection in patient A was controlled by using antibacterial drugs Tienam and Vancocin, while the patient died of multiple organ failure and fungi infection 33 days after exposure. In patient B, pulmonary infection occurred 17 days after exposure, and the septicemia occurred twice with Gram-negative bacteria at 55th day and 71st day after exposure. The pulmonary infection was controlled provisionally by using antibacterial drugs Tienam and Vancocin, while the patient died of multiple organ failure 75 days after exposure. Conclusion The bacterial infection companied with severe acute radiation sickness is phased occurrence. The generalized and phased application of intensive antibiotics might be an effective treatment.

Objective:To investigate the effect of play therapy-based group counseling on behavior disorders and mental coping of school-age nephrotic syndrome children.Methods:A total of 140 school-age nephrotic syndrome children were randomly divided into experiment group ( n=70) and control group ( n=70). Children in the control group recieved routine care, while experiment group carried out play therapy-based group counseling based on the routine care. With the Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ) and Coping with a Disease (CODI), the overall curative effect was assessed before and after intervention by their scores. Results:After intervention, the incidence rate of behavior disorder of nephrotic syndrome children in the experiment group was 18.0% (11/63), lower than in the control group 33.8% (23/68), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 4.131, P=0.042). The conduct, psychosomatic disorder and hyperactivity index scores in the experiment group were (1.12±0.23), (0.24±0.08), (1.22±0.32) pionts, lower than (1.25±0.31), (0.29±0.09), (1.39±0.37) pionts in the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( t values were 2.625, 2.950, 2.825, P<0.05); the scores of acception, escape, negative feelings and total CODI scores were (12.87±3.19), (22.51±5.24), (25.83±4.51), (101.23±11.48) pionts, higher than (11.27±3.77), (20.41±4.00), (24.13±4.38), (95.38±8.33) pionts in the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( t values were 2.191-3.361, P<0.05). Conclusion:Play therapy-based group counseling can effectively alleviate behavior disorders and improve mental coping of school-age nephrotic syndrome children.

To explore the risk factors of graft rejection in non-myeloablative transplantation between HLA-identical siblings and to evaluate methods to increase donor cell engraftment, 8 patients with graft rejection were studied . The results showed that the usage of immunosup-pressive agents, low early engraft rate, and the kind of disease being CML were closely related with graft rejectioa For patients with graft rejection, second non-myeloablative transplantation is a useful way.

Objective To analyze the related factors of relapse of leukemia after transplantation of nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells. Methods Among the twenty-nine patients with acute leukemia who received transplantation of nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells, relapse of leukemia occurred in 5 patients. The nonmyeloablative protocol included the pretreatment of CD3 monoclonal antibody, cyclosporine A, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, and fludarabine was added in 3 patients. Results All the 5 patients went through smoothly the hematopoietic suppression stage, and engraftment of the donor cells was successful. Leukemia relapsed in 4 patients with full donor chimerism (full donor chimerism was converted from the mixed chimerism in 2 patients), and relapse occurred in 1 patient with stable mixed chimerism. Except for 1 patient, all of them did not show acute GVHD or chronic GVHD. Second complete remission after double transplant was achieved in one patient, but leakemia relapsed in two months. In other four patients treatment was given up. Conclusion Transplantation of nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells is a safe and effective method for the treatment of acute leukemia.

Objective To investigave the X-ray guided radiofrequency ablation system. Methods The ablation catheter was guided using the X-ray image so the location of electrode on top of the catheter can be fixed on. Alternating current was carried out at the focus to make the ablation. The multi-channel electrophysiology recorder was combined here to record the electrophysiology status before, during and after the surgery to ensure safety of the patient. Results One case was reviewed, which was treated with the X-ray guided radiofrequency ablation system. After the ablation, the A waves and the V wave were separated and the ablation surgery was successful. Conclusion Some simple and fast arrhythmia can be treated effectively by the above system.

Objective To investigate the effect of estrogen replacement therapy applied in different periods to ovariectomized rats and to evaluate the cognitive function of the rats.Methods Totally 40 rats were ovariectomized to be postmenopausal models.They were divided into early hormone replacement therapy group (n =10,managed by estradiol valerate at day 3 after surgery),early control group (n =10,managed by saline at day 3 after surgery),late hormone replacement therapy (n =10,managed by estradiol valerate at day 90 after surgery for 30 days) and late control group (n =10,managed by saline at day 90 after surgery for 30 days).The behavior indicators of the rats were evaluated by Morris watermaze and hippocampal metabolite was detected by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy,including N-acetylaspartate (NAA),choline containing compounds (Cho),creatine(Cr),myoinositol (mI),NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr and mI/Cr.Results (1) Navigation test: escape latency were (43 ± 13) s at the early control group,(28 ± 9) s at the early HRT group,(82 ±26) s at the late control group and (48 ± 18) s at late HRT group.Swimming distance were (1 404 ± 238) cm at the early control group,(878 ± 354) cm at the early HRT group,(2411 ±818) cm at the late control group and (1 310 ±434) cm at the late HRT group.The escape latency and swimming distance of the early and late HRT groups were significantly shorter than those at the control groups (P ＜ 0.05).(2) Spatial probe test: the swimming time in the target quadrant of rats in the early HRT group (34.0 ± 3.0) s were longer than those in other groups (P ＜ 0.05).(3) Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy: NAA/Cr were 1.12 ±0.17 at the early control group,1.26 ±0.12 at the early HRT group,1.57 ±0.21 at the late control group and 1.38 ±0.28 at the late HRT group.The late HRT group and the late control group were higher than their early groups (F =6.05,P =0.040).There was no significant difference between the HRT groups and the control groups (F =0.04,P =0.860).mI/Cr were 0.69 ±0.04 at the early control group,0.46 ±0.12 at the early HRT group,0.70 ±0.03 at the late control group and 0.75 ± 0.08 at the late HRT group.There were statistically significant differences of the experimental time between the early and late groups(F =16.45,P =0.004).The differences between the early HRT group and the early control group,and the late HRT group and the late control group were significant(F =6.01,P =0.040).And there was an interaction with the experimental time and HRT measures (F =13.79,P =0.006) ; early HRT can reduce the average level of mI/Cr.Cho/Cr were 0.95 ± 0.09 at the early control group,0.80 ±0.12 at the early HRT group,0.87 ±0.09 at the late control group and 0.85 ± 0.12 at the late HRT group.There was no significant difference among those groups (P ＞0.05).NAA/mI: there was an interaction with the experimental time and HRT measures (F =12.95,P =0.007).Early HRT can elevated levels of NAA/mI,while the late results were reversed.Conclusion Earlier estrogen replacement therapy may play a positive role in improving cognitive function of the ovariectomized rats.

Objective · To study the metabolite profiles on patients of ischemic stroke using metabonomics approach. Methods · The serum samples from the 29 patients with ischemic stroke and 31 healthy controls were analyzed by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) coupled multi-dimensional statistical methods to find differential metabolites in two groups. Results · Orthogonal partial least squares analysis (OPLS) model was generated based on identified metabolites and shown clear discrimination from patients and healthy controls. Some serum metabolite levels were significantly altered in patients. Six up-regulated metabolites included γ- aminobutyric acid, glutaric acid, glyceric acid, gluconic acid, lactobionic acid, and cholesterol, and nineteen down-regulated metabolites included citric acid, aconitic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, β-alanine, and glycerol-3-phosphate. Conclusion · Amino acid metabolism, glycometabolism and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle are disturbed in patient of ischemic stroke. The metabonomic approach has great potential to understand the underlying mechanisms of stroke in ischemic patients.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of high fat-introduced hyperlipeidemia model in male SD rat and study the time rule of molding .Methods 30 Male adult rats of SD Strain bred in the animal house of the institute were divided into 3 groups after 1 week adaptation , group 1:control group, normal diet;group 2:model 1 group, high fat high cholesterol diet;group 3:model 2 group, high fat high cholesterol diet .The period of experiment was 8 weeks.Food and water intake were measured everyday and body weight were measured every four days .Blood were collected by orbital venous at the end of fourth ,sixth,eighth week to test their serum lipid level .At the end of experiment ,animals were killed to collect liver and aorta tissue for HE stain .Results Compared with control group ,the food intake of model 1 was higher and model 2 was significant lower , water intake of model 2 was significant lower , the ratio of liver/weight of two model groups were significant heavier ,and weight of model groups were higher .High fat diet significantly increased TC levels of model groups at the end of fourth ,sixth week.The level of LDL-c in model 1 group were higher and the HDL-c were lower compared with control group .HE stain showed the livers of control group were regular ,arrangements of the liver cells were trim, dyeing present uniformity .The two model groups showed a large range of hepatocyte fatty change ,a few liver blood sinus were in congestion and infiltrated with inflammatory cells .Aorta HE stain showed no significant change among 3 groups.Conclusions The method of high fat-introduced hyperlipeidemia model in male SD rat is feasible and the model turned out to present hypercholesterolemia with severe fatty liver .On the other hand,levers of serum lipid increased within an increase—inter-adjustment—increase state .In the process of modeling ,how to overcome the symptom of anorexia and the state of cholesterol inter-adjustment in animals is the key to successfully establish hyperlipeidemia model .