Researching 485 cases of death in two years (2002-2003) at Bavi district, the findings showed that: The crude death rate in the whole of district is 5.20%o in the year 2002 and 4.68%o in the year 2003. The death rate is higher in men than women (5.66%o) compared to 4.77%o and compared to 3.62%o). YPLL in the years of 2002-2003: The burden of mortality is higher in men than women (2002: men/women = 1.24/1; 2003: men/women: 2.6/1).The burden of mortality focused on groups of under 5, over 60 and 20-60 years old. The burden of mortality in group of school ages is lowest. By group of disease, YPLL is highest at external causes (death from drowning, injury, accident).
Death ; Epidemiology

Study on the prevalence of motorcycle-related injury and death in Vietnam. Results: 68% of total traffic-related injuries were in group of 15-29 years old, 71% in group of 30-49 years old. In the year 2002, at Hai Duong province and Hanoi city, there were almost 50% of drivers hadn’t driver’s license and 26-28% of drivers had drunk before driving. The rate of wearing helmet was low: 2% in 1997, 6% in 1999 and 8% in 2001. With heavy burden of motorcycle-related injury and death, the promotion of safe driving and applying interventions for reduce of traffic-related injury and death would be urgent. Policy-makers should focus on some problem such as drinking alcohol, drive’s speed, and wearing helmets, etc.
Wounds and Injuries ; Motorcycles

Background:Impacted teeth is a common pathology in dentistry, account for about 30 \ufffd?40% of the youth with the age from 20 to 25 (according to the study of Mai Dinh Hung). Impacted teeth need to be operated. Especially, in autogenous tooth transplantation, impacted teeth have a role as donor teeth and must be intact. Therefore, we have to localize impacted teeth by tube shift technique prior operation. Objectives: To assess the results of tube shift technique when localizing impacted teeth. Subjects and method: This was a prospective study on 75 patients from 6 to 61 years old, who have X-ray taken in 90 areas to locate impacted teeth in Hanoi Odonto Stomatology Institute from November 2002 to September 2003. Observation 57 cases and compare the preliminary interpretation of the radiographs and the result post \ufffd?operated. Results: The sameness ratio between diagnosis in X-ray film and post \ufffd?operated is 82.4%. The Kappa index is 0.87 indicated that the results of tube shift technique is high accurate. Conclusion: The outcome of tube shift technique is very accurate in localizing buccolingual direction of impacted teeth. However, to have complete information about the impacted teeth, we should coordinate with other films.
Tooth ; Impacted/ therapy ; Methods ;

An secondary analysis and meta-analysis of the figure of the health cost of general statistical administration, Ministry of Health and the World Bank were carried out aiming at introduction of systemic point of view for the health activities and policies for controlling rationally the health cost such as method of the discount of the health services, limitation of the health by the limitation of number of care services; insurance of rational treatment; increase of cost sharing between patients and state, patient and health insurance facility.
Delivery of Health Care ; Social Control Policies ; health

From July 1999 to July 2000, in Military Hospital 103 there have been 459 patients with thyroid diseases undergoing surgical treatment. The rate of postoperative respiratory insufficiency was 2.6% (1.4% of 288 patients with Basedow's disease; 3.6% of 28 patients with simple goiter, 1.6% of 128 patients with benign tumor of the thyroid; 33.3% of 15 patients with thyroid cancer). Some factors related to respiratory insufficiency after surgical treatment of thyroid diseases are the type of thyroid disease, mixed goiter, big goiter, goiter with symptoms of pressing on neck's organs and recidivous goiter.
Thyroid diseases ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; diagnosis ; surgery ; therapeutics

36 patients with spontaneous hydropneumothorax treated in the Hospital 103. Study concerned on general indices, age, gender, propesion, BMI, smoking habit, alcolism, onset point, chronic pathology of lung, clinical signs, the development of disease, functional symptoms - dyspnea, pain of chest; physical symptoms - Guilliard's trial; parachimical examinations, conventionalchest X ray. CT scanning has a high value in classication of pneumothorax lavel and in determination of the causes. Endoscopic of the lung membrane cavity has also therapeutic role. The method is safe and efficacious with few complication
Pneumothorax ; Endoscopy ; Patients ; surgery ; Therapeutics ;

Objective: To evaluate the antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo of saponin–phospholipid complex of Panax notoginseng. Methods: The in vitro cytotoxic effect of saponins extract and saponin–phospholipid complex against human lung cancer NCI-H460 and breast cancer cell lines BT474 was examined using MTS assay. For in vivo evaluation of antitumor potential, saponin and saponin–phospholipid complex were administered orally in rats induced mammary carcinogenesis by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, for 30 days. Results: Our data showed that saponin–phospholipid complex had stronger anticancer effect compared to saponin extract. The IC50 values of saponin–phospholipid complex and saponin extract for NCI-H460 cell lines were 28.47μg/mL and 47.97μg/mL, respectively and these values for BT474 cells were 53.18μg/mL and 86.24μg/mL, respectively. In vivo experiments, administration of saponin, saponin–phospholipid complex and paclitaxel (positive control) effectively suppressed 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene-induced breast cancer evidenced by a decrease in tumor volume, the reduction of lipid peroxidation level and increase in the body weight, and elevated the enzymatic antioxidant activities of su-peroxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase in rat breast tissue. Conclusions: Our study suggests that saponin extract from Panax notoginseng and saponin–phospholipid complex have potential to prevent cancer, especially breast cancer.

In this study, twenty-five yeast strains were isolated from soil samples collected in the gold mining ore in Gia Lai, Vietnam. Among them, one isolate named GL1 T could highly tolerate Cu 2+ up to 10 mM, and the isolates could also grow in a wide range of pH (3–7), and tem perature (10–40 ℃). Dried biomass of GL1 was able to remove Cu 2+ effectively up to 90.49% with a maximal biosorption capacity of 18.1 mg/g at pH 6, temperature 30 ℃, and incuba tion time 60 min. Sequence analysis of rDNA indicated this strain was closely related to Rhodotorula mucilaginosa but with 1.53 and 3.46% nucleotide differences in the D1/D2 domain of the 28S rRNA gene and the ITS1-5.8S rRNA gene-ITS2 region sequence, respect ively. Based on phylogenetic tree analysis and the biochemical characteristics, the strain appears to be a novel Rhodotorula species, and the name Rhodotorula aurum sp. nov. is pro posed. This study provides us with more information about heavy metal-tolerant yeasts and it may produce a new tool for environmental control and metal recovery operations.

This article describes Viet Nam Ministry of Health’s (VMoH) activities to prepare for and respond to the threat Zika virus (ZIKV), including the adaptation of existing surveillance systems to encompass ZIKV surveillance.

Objective To investigate the relationship between stroke and ankle-brachial index (ABI), pulse wave velocity (PWV) in Han, Uighur, and Kazakh populations of Xinjiang. Methods Data was from the investigation of cardiovascular risk survey (CRS) program among different nationalities in Xinjiang from October 2007 to March 2010. A total of 14 618 samples aged over 35 with complete data dimension were surveyed. Results ( 1 ) There were 633 patients with stroke, including 258 Hans (4.48%), 247 Uighurs (5.18%), and 128 Kazakhs (3.13%). The incidence of stroke was significant different in the three ethnic groups (P＜0.001). (2)Compared to the Han population, the incidence of stroke was higher ( OR= 1.304) in Uighur but lower (OR=0.794) in Kazakh. (3) PWV was significant different between stroke and non-stroke patients. After adjustment for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride, total cholesterol and other risk factors, the difference remained significant, indicating that PWV (OR=1.001, P＜0.001) might associate with the occurrence of stroke. Conclusion The results of this study showed that the incidence of stroke was significantly different in the three ethnic groups. PWV might associate with the occurrence of stroke.