Magnetic resonance imaging diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)as a non-radiation and noninvasive examination method,has shown its unique advantages in diagnosis and staging of esophageal cancer.The ADC value has demonstrated clinical application value in the therapeutic assessment.Application of DWI and CT image fusion could combine the advantages of CT in anatomical structure and the advantages of MRI in clinical stages and diagnosis.The accuracy of target area sketching would be improved.

Objective To examine the correlation between the ultrasonic feature of tibial nerve and the scores of Michi?gan neuropathy screening instrument(MNSI)in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) and to provide information for early diagno?sis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN). Methods Based on scores of MNSI, 95 cases of T2DM patients were divided into three different groups:group B(0-2.4 scores), C(2.5-4.4 scores)and D(≥4.5 scores). Ultrasound parameters of group A (n=30) were compared with group B (n=32), group C (n=31) and group D (n=32). These parameters includes nerves′s an?teroposterior dimension, transverse diameter, cross-sectional area and fasciculus echo, thescreen clothstructure, epineuri?um and the demarcation with neighbourhood structures. Correlation of MNSI with ultrasound performance of tibia nerve was also tested. Results Compared with group A, transverse diameter in group B did not show a obvious change, but anteropos?teror dimension, transverse diameter, cross-sectional area in group C, group D all increase.(P < 0.05). Compared with group B,ultrasound alteration were more frequent in group C and group D(P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference on that between group C and group D(P>0.05). There was a positive correlation between the nerves′s anteroposterior di?mension, transverse diameter, cross-sectional area with MNSI, rs were 0.656、0.657 and 0.681 respectively (P<0.05 in all three cases). Conclusion Certain correlation was observed between MNSI and tibial never ultrasonic feature in T2DM pa?tients;the higher MNSI scores , the greater chance of presence of abnormal sonographic features of tibial nerve.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of tomography ultrasonic imaging (TUI) in staging carcinomas of the cervix.Methods Eighty-seven patients with biopsy proven cervical cancer who underwent transvaginal TUI examination were enrolled.Clinical and ultrasonic staging were based on the FIGO staging system.Surgical-pathological or MR results was taken as golden standard.Ultrasonic staging were compared with clinical staging.Tumor sizes of 38 cases of cervical cancers measured by TUI were recorded and compared with the pathological results.Results The overall accuracy of preoperative TUI staging was higher than that of preoperative clinical staging (91.95 ％ vs 81.60 ％,P ＜0.01).Mean size of the 38 malignant tumors was 2.5 cm×2.1 cm×2.2 cm by TUI and 2.6 cm×2.1 cm×2.3 cm by pathological samples (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions TUI technology may be useful in the noninvasive examination of preoperative staging of carcinoma cervix.

Objective To investigate the effects of narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) on the expression of keratin 17 (K17) in the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT.Methods Cultured HaCaT cells were irradiated with different doses (0,50,100,200,400 mJ/cm2) of NB-UVB followed by additional culture for 6,12 and 24 hours respectively.To explore the mechanisms underlying the effects of NB-UVB on K17 expression,some HaCaT cells were pretreated with PD98059 (an inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase) followed by UVB radiation and additional culture as described above.Cell counting kit-8 (CCK 8) was used to evaluate the proliferation of,real time PCR to measure the mRNA expressions of K17 in,and Western blot to determine the protein expression of K17,Erk1/2 and phosphorylated Erk1/2 in,HaCaT ceils.Results Both the proliferation of and K17 expression in HaCaT cells were promoted by NB-UVB radiation at low doses (50,100 mJ/cm2),but inhibited by NB-UVB radiation at high doses (200,400 mJ/cm2).Significant differences were observed for the proliferative activity between HaCaT cells irradiated with NB-UVB at 100 or 400 mJ/cm2 and unirradiated HaCaT ceils at 12 and 24 hours (P ＜ 0.01 or 0.05).The phosphorylation of Erk1/2 was upregulated by NB-UVB radiation at 100 mJ/cm2,but downregulated by that at 400 mJ/cm2,and the upregulation induced by low dose NB-UVB could be suppressed by blocking the Erk 1/2 pathway.Conclusion The effects of NB-UVB radiation on K17 expression may be modulated by the Erk 1/2 pathway.

ObjectiveTo explore the bone anabolic effects after a single local injection of simvastatin into femoral cavities of osteoporotic rats.MethodsThirty-six female SD rats(3 months old,body weight 250-300 g) were ovariectomized(OVX) and low-calcium-diet fed for 3 months,OVX rats were randomized into 3 groups(n=12).Left femurs of group A,B and C were injected with 0,5 and 10 mg simvastatin,respectively.Half of the rats in each group were randomly euthanized separately 1 and 5 months after simvastatin injection.Left femurs were taken out for bone mineral density (BMD) assessment with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry,bone histomorphometic changes were analysized by Micro-CT,and two kinds of biomechanical tests were used to evaluate the osteogenic effects.ResultsOne and five months after injection,BMD in mid-diaphysis significantly increased in simvastatin-injected groups compared to the control group.For Micro-CT analysis,significant increase in total bone volume/total tissue volume,cortical wall thickness,trabecular thickness,trabecular number,and a significant decrease in trabecular spacing were observed in simvastatin-injected groups compared to the control group.For both biomechanics (the three-pointbreaking test of condyles and axial compressive testing of proximal femur),the values were significantly higher in simvastatin-injected groups than the control group.ConclusionLocal simvastatin treatment showed a positive effect on improving mechanical strength,structure of osteopenic femurs and BMD.Our findings may provide a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis,especially for osteoporotic fractures.

Objective To investigate the hMOF protein expression in non?small cell lung cancer and explore the relationship between its expres?sion and radiotherapy prognosis. Methods Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the hMOF expression in 59 cases of non?small cell lung cancer after radiotherapy. The relationship between hMOF expression with clinicopathological and radiation prognosis was analyzed. Results Among the 59 cases of non?small cell lung cancer tissues,there were 30 cases found to be high expression with hMOF. The rate of positive expression of hMOF in non?small cell lung cancer were 50.85%. Clinical stage and hMOF expression were independent predictors for non?small cell lung can?cer. Conclusion The expression of hMOF had a positive correlation with the radiation prognosis in non?small cell lung cancer,which could be used as a prognostic indicator of radiotherapy.

Objective To construct the prokaryotic recombinant expression vector of PTD4-Cu,Zn-SOD.Methods By using the techniques of gene recombination,the primers of Cu,Zn-SOD and the oligonucleotide sequences of PTD4 were designed,PCR amplification was performed for Cu,Zn-SOD genes,the PCR products were identified,reclaimed and purified,and pET16b served as carrier.The prokaryotic recombinant expression vector of pET16b-Cu,Zn-SOD was constructed using double digestion with Xho Ⅰ and BamH Ⅰ,ligated reaction and plasmid transformation.Then PTD4 gene and pET16b-Cu,Zn-SOD carrier were double digested with Nde Ⅰ and Xho Ⅰ and ligated,and the plasmid was transformed,and the prokaryotic recombinant expression vector of pET16b-PTD4-Cu,Zn-SOD was constructed.The reconstructed vector was analyzed by restriction mapping and was verified by gene sequencing.Results The prokaryotic recombinant expression vector of pET16b-PTD4-Cu,Zn-SOD with a length of 6 207 bp was constructed successfully.The carrier fragment about 5.7 kp and PTD4-Cu,Zn-SOD gene fragment about 510 bp were obtained by double digestion with Nde Ⅰ and BamH Ⅰ,which was consistent with the expected results.The results of gene sequencing showed that the base sequences of pET16b-PTD4-Cu,Zn-SOD were correct when compared with the expected gene sequences.Conclusion The prokaryotic recombinant expression vector of pET16b-PTD4-Cu,Zn-SOD is constructed successfully.

Objective To study influencing factors for giving up chemotherapy during initial treatment in elderly patients with multiple myeloma.Methods A total of 156 elderly patients diagnosed as multiple myeloma from 2000-2010 were retrospectively analyzed.And 123 young patients with multiple myeloma were selected as control group.The causes for giving up the chemotherapy and its related factors were recorded and analyzed.Results The rate of giving up the initial chemotherapy was higher in the elderly than in young patients [58.3％ (91/156) vs.35.0％ (43/123),P＜0.05].51.7％ of the elderly patients did not accept chemotherapy after diagnosis.The main factors for giving up the initial chemotherapy in elderly patients were critically ill,economic difficult and the low tolerance.However,the economic difficulty was the first cause in the young group.Conclusions The rate of giving up the chemotherapy in the elderly patients is high.Old age,severe conditions,economic difficulty,and low tolerance are the independent factors.

Objective To evaluate the effect of a vasoactive substance urotensin Ⅱ on the expression of type Ⅰ collagen and migration of human skin fibroblasts,and to explore the underlying mechanisms of signal transduction.Methods Fibroblasts were isolated from human foreskin tissues and subjected to primary culture.After a series of subculture,fibroblasts were classified into several groups to be treated with different concentrations (10-10 to 10-6 mol/L) of urotensin lⅡ for 24 hours,urotensin Ⅱ of 10-s mol/L for different durations (0,4,12,24 hours),or pretreated with PD98059 (a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor),nicardipine (a calcium channel blocker) and ciclosporin (a calcineurin inhibitor) of 10-5 mol/L respectively for 30 minutes followed by treatment with urotensin Ⅱ of 10-8 mol/L for 24 hours.The cells receiving no treatment served as the control.Subsequently,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to determine the level of urotensin Ⅱ in the supernatant of fibroblasts,and Transwell assay to estimate the migration activity of fibroblasts.Statistical analysis was carried out by t test and analysis of variance.Results Urotensin Ⅱ promoted the expression of type Ⅰ collagen in a time-and concentrationdependent manner.The level of type Ⅰ collagen was increased by 21.2％ (P ＞ 0.05),52.2％ (P ＜ 0.05),84.4％ (P ＜0.05),83.6％ (P ＜ 0.05) and 77.1％ (P ＜ 0.05) in the supernatant of fibroblasts treated with 10-10,10-9,10-8,10-7 and 10-6 mol/L of urotensin Ⅱ for 24 hours respectively,by 23.2％ (P ＞ 0.05),69.5％ (P ＜ 0.05) and 84.1％ (P ＜0.05) in the supernatant of fibroblasts treated with urotensin Ⅱ of 10-8 mol/L for 4,12 and 24 hours respectively,compared with the untreated control fibroblasts.The migration activity was markedly enhanced in fibroblasts treated with urotensin Ⅱ of 10-8 mol/L for 24 hours compared with the control fibroblasts (P ＜ 0.05).PD98059,nicardipine and cyclosporin A inhibited the secretion of type Ⅰ collagen by 18.2％,15.9％ and 19.7％ respectively,and suppressed the migration of fibroblasts by 38.3％ (P ＜ 0.05),20.7％ (P ＜ 0.05) and 81.4％ (P ＜ 0.05) respectively in the groups receiving pretreatment compared with those treated with urotensin Ⅱ alone.Conclusions Urotensin Ⅱ can promote the secretion of type Ⅰ collagen by and migration of fibroblasts,which may be realized through the Ca2+,calmodulin kinase,and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways.

Purpose To study the clinicopathological characteristics of primary pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Method 60 cases of resected pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms according to the WHO (2010) classification of the digestive system of neuroen-docrine tumor to evaluate morphological standard, and combining with the literature to discuss the clinicopathological characteristics. Results Among the 60 cases, 23 cases were male patients, the rest were females, with male and female ratio of 1 ∶ 1. 61. The age of the patients were ranged from 19 to 69 years, with mean age of 49. 38 ± 11. 60 years. Tumor maximum diameter ranged from 0. 5 to 16 cm, and the mean diameter was 3. 29 ± 3. 53 cm. 30 cases located in the pancreatic head, 27 cases in the body and end of the pancre-as and 3 cases in the neck. Pathological examination showed the G1 (24 cases), G2 (25 cases), G3 (9 cases), and mixed adenon-euroendocrine carcinoma ( MANEC) in 2 cases. Immunohistochemical staining showed that NSE, CgA, Syn, and CD56 were diffusely positive expression. 45 patients were followed up for 4~80 months, 7 cases died, of which 1 case was G2, 4 cases were G3, and 2 ca-ses were MANEC. Conclusion Primary pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms is a relatively rare pancreatic malignant tumor, and the diagnosis is based primarily on histologic features and immunohistochemical examination. Accurate pathological assessment has impor-tant value to guide clinical treatment and prognosis.